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1.
Pharmazie ; 67(7): 618-21, 2012 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22888519

RESUMEN

Cobra venom cytotoxin (CVC) loaded in poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres was mixed with ricin and encapsulated in a thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel for this study. This sequential sustained-release preparation (SSRP) containing ricin and CVC could avoid burst release effect of CVC from microspheres. In addition, in SSRP, the two biotoxins have different drug release rates and antitumor mechanisms, which can be complementary to each other. Ricin has a faster release rate than CVC. It can combine with the tumor cell membrane and enter the cell, inhibiting protein synthesis within 2 weeks. Whereas CVC releases slowly in 5 weeks directly dissolving the tumor cell membrane and killing the cells which are less-sensitive to ricin. The in vivo experiments showed that intratumoral injection of SSRP could inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma growth significantly, and the tumor growth inhibition rate reached 73.5%. It appears that a new medicine preparation for cancer local treatment should be further studied for clinical applications.


Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacología , Venenos Elapídicos/administración & dosificación , Venenos Elapídicos/farmacología , Ricina/administración & dosificación , Ricina/farmacología , Animales , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/química , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada , Portadores de Fármacos , Venenos Elapídicos/química , Excipientes , Humanos , Hidrogeles , Ácido Láctico , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Microesferas , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Tamaño de la Partícula , Ácido Poliglicólico , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico , Ricina/química , Temperatura , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto
2.
PeerJ ; 5: e4140, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29302388

RESUMEN

The Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica) is an unusual, scale-covered, toothless mammal that specializes in myrmecophagy. Due to their threatened status and continuing decline in the wild, concerted efforts have been made to conserve and rescue this species in captivity in China. Maintaining this species in captivity is a significant challenge, partly because little is known of the molecular mechanisms of its digestive system. Here, the first large-scale sequencing analyses of the salivary gland, liver and small intestine transcriptomes of an adult M. javanica genome were performed, and the results were compared with published liver transcriptome profiles for a pregnant M. javanica female. A total of 24,452 transcripts were obtained, among which 22,538 were annotated on the basis of seven databases. In addition, 3,373 new genes were predicted, of which 1,459 were annotated. Several pathways were found to be involved in myrmecophagy, including olfactory transduction, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, lipid metabolism, and terpenoid and polyketide metabolism pathways. Many of the annotated transcripts were involved in digestive functions: 997 transcripts were related to sensory perception, 129 were related to digestive enzyme gene families, and 199 were related to molecular transporters. One transcript for an acidic mammalian chitinase was found in the annotated data, and this might be closely related to the unique digestive function of pangolins. These pathways and transcripts are involved in specialization processes related to myrmecophagy (a form of insectivory) and carbohydrate, protein and lipid digestive pathways, probably reflecting adaptations to myrmecophagy. Our study is the first to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying myrmecophagy in M. javanica, and we hope that our results may play a role in the conservation of this species.

3.
Med Oncol ; 29(1): 62-9, 2012 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21136211

RESUMEN

To investigate the antiangiogenic effect of sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres containing docetaxel (PMCD) in human hepatoma xenograft. PMCD were prepared by solvent evaporation method with an encapsulation efficiency of 98.7% and a release period of about 3 weeks in vitro. PMCD were intratumorally injected once for mice bearing a human hepatocellular carcinoma. On day 21 post-treatment, the inhibition rate of tumor growth was 72.7% in the high-dose group, indicating a significant antitumor activity. Meanwhile, excellent antiangiogenic effect was observed based on the contrast-enhanced ultrasonography as well as microvessel density determination. Additionally, the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR revealed that the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) genes were down-regulated significantly. Interstitial chemotherapy using PMCD was highly effective and safe for the treatment of the human hepatoma xenograft and that decreasing angiogenesis could be one of the most important mechanisms involved in the antitumor activity.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Ácido Láctico , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/tratamiento farmacológico , Microesferas , Neovascularización Patológica/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Poliglicólico , Taxoides/administración & dosificación , Angiopoyetina 2/biosíntesis , Animales , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/farmacología , Docetaxel , Portadores de Fármacos , Femenino , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/biosíntesis , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentales/patología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Neovascularización Patológica/metabolismo , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/biosíntesis , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto
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