Eco-friendly triboelectric nanogenerator based on degradable rape straw powder for monitoring human movement.

Green energy from the surrounding environment has great potential for reducing environmental pollution and sustainable development. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are of great interest as they can easily harvest mechanical energy from the environment. Here, we present a triboelectric nanogenerator (RS-TENG) based on rape straw (RS), which was developed from a film composed of waste RS and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Due to the high content of carbonyl, hydroxyl and amino acid functional groups in RS, the ability of RS/PVA to lose electrons is increased. The proposed RS-TENG device with a size of 6.25 cm2exhibits open circuit voltage (78 V), short circuit current (5.3µA) performance under uniform external stress at a frequency of 3.5 Hz and 10 N in the cylinder motor. 104.5µW was obtained with a load resistance of 25 MΩ. Results obtained from degradability tests revealed that the RS/PVA film was able to degrade over a period of 30 d (In PBS solution). The RS-TENG produces a significantly high current signal under conditions of finger bending, elbow movements, and foot tapping. Practical tests of the RS-TENG have shown that it is a promising sensing device that will be widely used in the future.

Description of a new toad of Megophrys Kuhl amp; Van Hasselt, 1822 (Amphibia: Anura: Megophryidae) from western Yunnan Province, China.

A new species of genus Megophrys from Gaoligong Mountains, Yunnan Province, China is described. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA all clustered the new species as an independent clade nested into the subgenus Panophrys. The smallest genetic distance based on 16S rRNA gene between the new species and its congeners was 3.0%. The new species could be identified from its congeners by a combination of following characters: moderate body size (SVL 31.0-34.8 mm in males); vomerine ridge weak, vomerine teeth absent; dorsal skin relatively smooth; tongue slightly notched behind; tympanum rounded and relatively large, 0.54 times of eye length; a horn-like tubercle on edge of each upper eyelid small; tibio-tarsal articulation reaches middle eye when leg stretched forward; finger tips rounded, not expanded to small pad; toes with narrow fringes and rudimentary webbing; ventral hindlimbs semitransparent purplish with greyish white pigments; ventral body scattered with distinct dark patches in the middle.