RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Intra-arterial therapy with embolics is established for the treatment of malignancies of the liver. However, there are no studies comparing the different effects of various embolics used in clinical practice. Herein, we analyzed the effect of 3 different embolics on tumor growth in a rat model of colorectal liver metastases. METHODS: Eight days after subcapsular implantation of 5 × 105 colorectal cancer cells (CC531) in the left liver lobe of WAG/Rij rats were randomized into 4 groups (n = 8) and underwent intra-arterial hepatic therapy. Animals received either EmboCept S®, DC Bead® or Lipiodol® Ultra-Fluid. Animals of the control group received a comparable amount of saline. Tumor growth was measured on day 8 and 11 using a three-dimensional 40 MHz ultrasound device. On day 11 tumor and liver tissue were removed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS: On day 11 animals of the control group showed a tumor growth of ~ 60% compared to day 8. Application of Lipiodol Ultra-Fluid® did not significantly influence tumor growth (~ 40%). In contrast, treatment with EmboCept S® or DC Bead® completely inhibited tumor growth. Of interest, application of EmboCept S® did not only completely inhibit tumor growth but even decreased tumor size. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a significant increase of necrotic areas within the tumors after application of EmboCept S® and DC Bead® compared to Lipiodol® Ultra-Fluid. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that an intra-arterial therapy with EmboCept S® and DC Bead®, but not Lipiodol® Ultra-Fluid, results in a complete inhibition of rat colorectal liver metastatic growth.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Infusiones Intraarteriales/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Microesferas , Alcohol Polivinílico/uso terapéutico , Almidón/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Aceite Etiodizado/administración & dosificación , Aceite Etiodizado/efectos adversos , Aceite Etiodizado/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Arteria Hepática , Xenoinjertos , Hígado/irrigación sanguínea , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Modelos Animales , Necrosis/patología , Neovascularización Patológica/tratamiento farmacológico , Alcohol Polivinílico/administración & dosificación , Alcohol Polivinílico/efectos adversos , Ratas , Almidón/administración & dosificación , Almidón/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Carga Tumoral/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIM: Many patients with head-and-neck cancers receive radiotherapy. Treatment planning can be very complex in case of dental fillings or implants that cause metal artefacts. Verification of dose distributions may be performed using specific phantoms. This study aimed to develop a 3D-printed phantom that can be produced easily and cost-effectively. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The phantom was designed to allow fast adaption to a patient's individual situation with a particular focus on metal artefacts due to dental fillings. Bone and soft-tissue shells were 3D-printed and filled with tissue-equivalent materials. RESULTS: Attenuation properties of the tissue-equivalent structures in the phantom corresponded well to the structures of real human anatomy. In magnetic resonance (MR)-imaging, useful signals of the materials in the phantom were obtained. CONCLUSION: The phantom met the requirements including equivalence with human tissues and can be useful for highly individual treatment planning in precision-radiotherapy of head-and-neck cancers. It can be also used for scientific issues related to MR-imaging.