Electrospun NiFe layered double hydroxide/Nylon 6 composite nanofibers as a sorbent for micro solid phase extraction by packed sorbent of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human blood.

In the present work, NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH)/Nylon 6 composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning method and used as a new sorbent for the extraction and measurement of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (naproxen, mefenamic acid, and diclofenac) in whole blood samples. The method is based on micro solid phase extraction (µSPE) by packed sorbent followed by HPLC-UV analysis. Effective parameters on the extraction efficiency were optimized using a central composite design (CCD). In order to characterize the sorbent, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and elemental mapping were applied. The method was fully validated based on linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), precision, and recovery. Under the optimal conditions, LOD values were found to be 25 ng mL-1 for naproxen and diclofenac and 15 ng mL-1 for mefenamic acid. A seven-point calibration curve was obtained in the range of 75-2000 ng mL-1 for naproxen and diclofenac and 50-2000 for mefenamic acid. The method showed good linearity with coefficients of determination, r2> 0.9962, for the three drugs. In the entire analytical range, the relative standard deviations (RSD%) were less than 8.1%. Finally, the efficiency of the method was investigated for the analysis of the target analytes in human blood samples, and the recoveries were obtained in the range of 90.7-109.8%.

Effect of magnesium hydroxide on the absorption of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids.

The effect of various antacids on the absorption of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids has been investigated in three separate crossover studies, each consisting of four phases. Single doses of magnesium hydroxide (85 mg, 425 mg and 1700 mg) or of water (150 ml) were given by mouth to 6 healthy volunteers immediately after tolfenamic acid 400 mg (Study 1), and, using an identical study design, after mefenamic acid 500 mg (Study 3). In Study 2 sodium bicarbonate 1 g, aluminium hydroxide 1 g, an antacid preparation containing both aluminium and magnesium hydroxides, or water alone were ingested with tolfenamic acid 400 mg. Plasma concentrations of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids and their cumulative excretion in urine were determined up to 24 h. Magnesium hydroxide greatly accelerated, in a dose-dependent manner the absorption of both tolfenamic and mefenamic acids. The peak times in plasma were shortened by about 1 h by 425 mg and 1700 mg magnesium hydroxide, and the peak plasma concentrations of both fenamates were elevated up to 3-fold. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve between 0 and 1 h of tolfenamic acid was increased up to 7-fold and that of mefenamic acid up to 3-fold. The total bioavailability of tolfenamic and mefenamic acids was only slightly increased. Aluminium hydroxide alone and in combination with magnesium hydroxide significantly retarded the absorption and lowered the peak plasma concentration of tolfenamic acid. Sodium bicarbonate had no significant effect on its absorption. The interaction with magnesium hydroxide leads to higher and earlier peak plasma concentrations of the fenamates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)