Hair Follicle Miniaturization in a Woolly Hair Nevus: A Novel "Root" Perspective for a Mosaic Hair Disorder.

Woolly hair nevus is a mosaic disorder characterized by unruly, tightly curled hair in a circumscribed area of the scalp. This condition may be associated with epidermal nevi. We describe an 11-year-old boy who initially presented with multiple patches of woolly hair and with epidermal nevi on his left cheek and back. He had no nail, teeth, eye, or cardiac abnormalities. Analysis of plucked hairs from patches of woolly hair showed twisting of the hair shaft and an abnormal hair cuticle. Histopathology of a woolly hair patch showed diffuse hair follicle miniaturization with increased vellus hairs.

Linear Epidermal Nevus: A Case Report With Oral and Facial Manifestations.

A 20-year-old man presented to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department for evaluation and treatment of a dentofacial deformity. On examination, it was noted that he had marked hemifacial hyperpigmented papillomatous lesions covering the upper and middle thirds of the right side of his face extending to the right upper lid. Of note, he also had extensive intraoral involvement. These features were highly suggestive of linear epidermal nevus, a congenital hamartomatous lesion of the ectoderm. Linear epidermal nevus with oral manifestations is extremely rare with very few cases reported in the medical literature.

Hair Follicle Nevus Located on the Chin of an Infant: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Hair follicle nevi are rare, benign, congenital hamartomas that usually occur in the distribution of the first brachial arch. Histopathologically, the distinction between hair follicle nevus, trichofolliculoma, and accessory tragus has recently come into question, and it may be that they are all on a spectrum of the same condition. We report the case of a 7-day-old boy who presented with a "tag"-like lesion on his midline chin that had been present since birth. Biopsy of the lesion proved it to be a hair follicle nevus.

Porokeratotic Adnexal Ostial Nevus-Report of a Case With Unusual Clinical and Histologic Features.

An 11-year-old Tanzanian girl presented with diffuse verrucous lesions of varying morphology, scarring alopecia, and keloid scars over the face with a predilection for the ears. Physical examination revealed dark keratoderma and patches of hypopigmentation near the midline of the dorsal trunk (Figure 1a). Her forearms were densely covered by verrucous lesions with the exception of a clear linear patch on the dorsal aspect of the left forearm (Figure 1b). The perioral area was notable for white spires projecting from verrucous papules (Figure 1c) while the oral mucosa and teeth appeared normal on visual examination. The rest of her body, including the palms and soles, was covered by patchy, scaly lesions of varying severity.

Intramucosal nevus in the oral cavity.

AIM: The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of oral nevus. BACKGROUND: Nevus is a congenital or acquired benign neoplasia that can be observed in the skin or mucous membranes. It is an uncommon condition in the oral mucosa. When it does occur, the preferred location is on the palate, followed by the cheek mucosa, lip and tongue. CASE REPORT: In this case study, we relate the diagnosis and treatment of a 23-year-old female patient with an irregular, pigmented lesion of the oral mucosa that underwent excisional biopsy resulting in a diagnosis of intramucosal nevus. CONCLUSION: Nevus can appear in the oral mucosa and should be removed. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: It is important for dental professionals to adequately categorize and treat pigmented lesions in the mouth.

HATS syndrome: hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of the face, tooth abnormalities, and skin findings.

Hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of the face, tooth abnormalities, and skin findings (HATS syndrome) is a rare developmental disorder involving the first and second branchial arches. Physical manifestations may present at birth or during early childhood. Characteristic findings include unilateral abnormalities of the face involving the bones, teeth, gums, and skin. Among the characteristic cutaneous manifestations of HATS syndrome, Becker nevus is the most common. A variety of modalities have been utilized in the treatment of HATS syndrome, but no standardized therapy has been established. We report a case of this rare condition in a 14-year-old adolescent boy.

[A non-pigmented naevus as an uncommon gingival swelling]. / Een niet-gepigmenteerde naevus als ongewone gingivazwelling.

A 67-year-old woman had an epulis-like swelling of the gingiva in the region of teeth 32 and 33. On histopathologic examination, it became clear that it was a non-pigmented intramucosal naevus which rarely occurs in the oral cavity.

Nevus comedonicus syndrome--nevus comedonicus associated with ipsilateral polysyndactyly and bilateral oligodontia.

A 7-year-old boy diagnosed as a case of nevus comedonicus syndrome is presented because of the rarity of the condition and the association of the previously unreported features oligodontia and unilateral polysyndactyly restricted to the same side as the nevus comedonicus.

Personal Identification of Deceased Persons: An Overview of the Current Methods Based on Physical Appearance.

The use of the physical appearance of the deceased has become more important because the available antemortem information for comparisons may consist only of a physical description and photographs. Twenty-one articles dealing with the identification based on the physiognomic features of the human body were selected for review and were divided into four sections: (i) visual recognition, (ii) specific facial/body areas, (iii) biometrics, and (iv) dental superimposition. While opinions about the reliability of the visual recognition differ, the search showed that it has been used in mass disasters, even without testing its objectivity and reliability. Specific facial areas being explored for the identification of dead; however, their practical use is questioned, similarly to soft biometrics. The emerging dental superimposition seems to be the only standardized and successfully applied method for identification so far. More research is needed into a potential use of the individualizing features, considering that postmortem changes and technical difficulties may affect the identification.

Wooly hair nevus.

Woolly hair nevus is a rare condition characterized by a structural anomaly of the hair, restricted to certain areas of the scalp. The hair becomes coiled and slightly hypopigmented. The term woolly hair refers to changes that affect all the scalp and has a hereditary character. We present a case of woolly hair nevus, that developed at the age of 2 years, associated with dental diastema and verrucous epidermal nevus.

Idiopathic gingival papillokeratosis with crypt formation, a report of 7 cases of a previously undescribed entity: possible unusual oral epithelial nevus?

We report 7 cases of hitherto undescribed keratotic papillary plaques of uncertain etiology involving the gingiva. All 7 cases presented on the anterior maxillary attached gingiva of patients in the second decade. The lesions were asymptomatic and 86% (6 of 7 cases) presented in a bilateral symmetric distribution. Microscopically, the lesions exhibited parakeratosis and papillary acanthosis with parakeratin-filled crypts. No specific etiology such as a factitial habit or a common exogenous agent has been identified. The possibility of a developmental etiology such as an oral epithelial nevus cannot be entirely excluded. We propose the descriptive term idiopathic gingival papillokeratosis with crypt formation (IGPC) for this condition.

The pathology of head and neck tumors: mucosal melanomas, part 13.

Pigmented lesions, including melanomas, of the mucous membranes of the head and neck are far outnumbered by their counterparts in the skin. This relative dearth is partially responsible for the fact that scientific inquiry into mucosal melanomas has not kept pace with the advances in knowledge of the pathogenesis of cutaneous melanomas and their diagnosis and treatment. Integral to these latter advances have been the refinements in clinical and histologic classification and clinicopathologic correlations with quantitative evaluation of melanomas of skin-enhancements that up to now have been singularly lacking for mucosal melanomas. This report acknowledges this slowness in progress, present recommendations for purifying the nomenclature of pigmented lesions of the mucosae, and at the same time, also notes the poorer prognosis for melanomas of the upper aerodigestive tracts, as a group, when compared with cutaneous melanomas. Only prospective studies will answer the question of whether the poor prognosis is intrinsic to these mucosal melanomas or whether delay in detection and removal are responsible.

Effect of anatomical location on prognosis in patients with clinical stage I melanoma.

A study of the influence of the anatomical location of malignant melanoma on the prognosis of 971 patients with stage I disease disclosed specific high-, intermediate-, and low-risk sites. High-risk sites included scalp, mandibular area, midline of trunk (anterior and posterior), upper medial thighs, hands, feet (except the arches), popliteal fossae, and genitalia. The life-table-adjusted five-year disease-free survival was 54% in the high-risk locations, 79% in intermediate-risk locations, and 93% in low-risk sites. A Cox proportional hazards analysis demonstrated that the grouping of lesions by their anatomical risk location had prognostic value that was significant in a model of eight other known predictive variables (thickness, sex, age, type, level, mitotic index, ulceration, and presence of preexistent nevus). The results indicate that anatomical location of the primary melanoma is significantly associated with five-year disease-free survival.

Basal cell nevus syndrome in a black patient: report of a case and review of the literature.

An 80-year-old black man had multiple basal cell epitheliomas (BCEs), palmar pits, and mandibular cysts. This patient is unusual, not only because of multiple BCEs, but also becuase they developed when the patient was at age 77. Only three other black patients with multiple BCEs in association with basal cell nevus syndrome have been reported previously.

Recurrent compound naevus of gingiva.

A case is described of a compound naevus of the gingiva. It was unusual in that it showed a number of recurrences and these appeared to be related to the hormonal status of the patient.

Extensive sebaceous nevus.

An unusual patient with extensive sebaceous nevus lesions is presented. The lesions were found on the scalp and face and extended into the mouth and anal region. They were associated with premature eruption of three teeth, a cleft in the secondary palate, and a deformation of the upper third of the right auricle. Skeletal deformities were not found. Neurologic defects were not present during first months. The definitive treatment was postponed because of the patient's young age and the magnitude of the lesions.

Examination of skin moles.

The extraoral and intraoral examination should be part of the clinician's examination process. During the extraoral portion, it is necessary to assess skin moles that may be present in the head/neck region or on other accessible skin areas. This review paper is a discussion of melanoma and provides information on evaluation of moles to determine need for referral.

Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity. Report of an unusual case.

Primary malignant melanoma is only rarely found in the oral cavity (estimated at between 0.2 and 8 per cent of all melanomas) and occurs approximately four times more frequently in the oral mucosa of the upper jaw, usually on the palate or alveolar gingivae. A case is reported of a malignant melanoma in the mouth of a 74 year old male, which was originally diagnosed as reactive denture hyperplasia caused by a ill-fitting upper denture. Correction of the denture fault failed to stop the growth of the mass, which was therefore removed surgically. Histological examination revealed a melanin-producing tumour. A partial maxillectomy was performed and there was no evidence of recurrence over a three year follow-up period.