RESUMEN
An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated from Bacillus coagulans RK-02 and purified by size exclusion chromatography. The purified, homogeneous EPS had an average molecular weight of â¼3 × 104 Da by comparison with FITC-labeled dextran standards. In vivo evaluations showed that, like other reported polysaccharides, this EPS displayed significant antioxidant activity. FTIR spectroscopy analysis showed the presence of hydroxy, carboxy, and α-glycosidic linkages and a mannose residue. GC analysis indicated that the EPS was a heteropolymer composed of glucose, mannose, galactose, glucosamine, and fucose as monomeric constituent units. Partial elucidation of the structure of the carbohydrate biopolymer based on GC-MS and NMR analysis showed the presence of two unique sets of tetrasaccharide repeating units that have 1â3 and 1â6 glycosidic linkages. This is also the first report of a Gram-positive bacterial polysaccharide with both fucose as a sugar monomer and 1â3 and 1â6 glycosidic linkages in the molecular backbone.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/análisis , Bacillus/química , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/análisis , Animales , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Biopolímeros/análisis , Biopolímeros/sangre , Compuestos de Bifenilo/farmacología , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/sangre , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/química , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/aislamiento & purificación , Depuradores de Radicales Libres/farmacología , Galactosa/análisis , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Manosa/análisis , Ratones , Peso Molecular , Picratos/farmacología , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/sangre , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/química , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Probióticos/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Superóxido Dismutasa/análisisRESUMEN
Herein, we report a new signal amplification scheme for quantitative biochemical analysis based on gold nanoparticle (GNPs) catalyzed polymerization of transparent silane solution to milky white and turbid siloxane. Using immunoassay as a proof of concept, GNP labeled immunoprobe was used to bind captured antigen and catalyse the polymerization reaction allowing sensitive biochemical investigation. The polymerization reaction was optimized for standard 96 well polystyrene microtiter plates and we discovered that sodium lactate acts as an enhancer in the polymerization reaction as it reduces detection time to merely 30â¯min. The sensing strategy was applied to detection and quantification of Salmonella Typhimurium in water and egg samples and the platform showed excellent visibly quantifiable analytical response up to 100â¯cells mL-1. Furthermore, clinical utility and potential of the method was validated by detecting Vi capsular polysaccharide (Vi antigen) responsible for typhoidal Salmonellosis in human serum in sandwich format with a detection limit of 1â¯ngâ¯mL-1. The method serves as the first report towards nanoparticle triggered polymerization for development of rapid and low cost quantitative biochemical assay.
Asunto(s)
Oro/química , Inmunoensayo/métodos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/sangre , Salmonella typhimurium/aislamiento & purificación , Siloxanos/síntesis química , Animales , Anticuerpos/inmunología , Pollos , Agua Potable/microbiología , Huevos/microbiología , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Humanos , Límite de Detección , Tamaño de la Partícula , Polimerizacion , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Prueba de Estudio Conceptual , Salmonella typhimurium/inmunología , Silanos/química , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Patients with mandibular osteomyelitis had quantification of 10 antibodies against certain bacterial proteins and polysaccharides. Sera from 31 patients with acute or chronic osteomyelitis of the mandible and from 17 healthy controls were analyzed. Some patients showed low levels of investigated antibodies in general and a lack of specific antiteichoic acid antibodies, as well as of different antipneumococcal antibodies particularly. Two patients with therapy-resistant osteomyelitis showed IgG2 and IgG3 subclass deficiency. They had replacement therapy with intravenous 10 or 15 gm immunoglobulin every 3 weeks for 6 months. Both patients showed considerable improvement in their clinical symptoms after treatment with immunoglobulin. This study indicates that impaired humoral immune response may be of importance in subgroups of patients with osteomyelitis of the mandible.
Asunto(s)
Cápsulas Bacterianas , Deficiencia de IgG/complicaciones , Enfermedades Mandibulares/inmunología , Osteomielitis/inmunología , Osteomielitis/microbiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Proteínas Bacterianas/inmunología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Humanos , Deficiencia de IgG/terapia , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapéutico , Lipasa/inmunología , Masculino , Enfermedades Mandibulares/microbiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones Neumocócicas/inmunología , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/sangre , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Análisis de Regresión , Proteína Estafilocócica A/inmunología , Ácidos Teicoicos/inmunologíaRESUMEN
A simple and sensitive method for the determination of Francisella tularensis antigen and antibodies to this antigen by means of the complement lysis of liposomes sensitized with F. tularensis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is proposed. The possibility of participation of monoclonal antibodies (McAb) in the complement-dependent lysis of liposomes has been studied. The method permits the detection of 50-100 ng/ml of soluble LPS antigen in the presence of antiserum or McAb IgG F-B11-x and of 50-10 ng/ml of it in the presence of IgG F-B11-x and anti-IgG within 90 minutes.