[Follicular cyst steadily pushes tooth upwards, with all the consequences thereof]. / Folliculaire cyste drukt gebitselement steeds hoger, met alle gevolgen van dien.

A 60-year-old man was referred to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon with discomfort caused by pressure on the left-hand side of the maxilla. Examination revealed a very elevated third molar in contact with the orbital floor and infundibulum, and, possibly, a follicular cyst. On account of the threat to the orbital floor, it was first decided to decompress the cyst and place an in situ drain. After 4 months, the tooth and cyst could be removed and the diagnosis of a follicular cyst was confirmed.Auteursinformatie.

[A diagnosed follicular cyst turned out to be a squamous cell carcinoma]. / Een gediagnosticeerde folliculaire cyste bleek een plaveiselcelcarcinoom.

A 50-year-old man had undergone a complicated removal of tooth 48 which initially seemed related to a follicular cyst. Subsequently, it turned out that a squamous cell carcinoma had probably developed from the follicular cyst. The patient underwent excision of the tumour, hemimandibulectomy, a neck dissection, and reconstruction of the mandibula using a metal plate, followed by postoperative local radiotherapy. This type of development of a squamous cell carcinoma presents very rarely. From the literature, it can be concluded that the prognosis is unfavourable and that the tumour tends to grow aggressively. In case of abnormal wound healing after the removal of a tooth (with a follicular cyst), it is recommended to examine representative tissue histologically.

Fresh-frozen human bone graft to repair defect after mandibular giant follicular cyst removal: a case report.

The purpose of this article is to report the clinical, radiographical and histological findings about a case of a young woman affected by a mandibular giant follicular cyst. Conservative tumor resection was followed by immediate reconstructive treatment using fresh frozen human bone graft, instead of autologous bone graft, as material for bone regeneration. Follicular cyst is a benign, non invasive lesion with slow but progressive growth. Radiological and histological examination of the lesion confirmed the presence of a follicular cyst which underwent biopsy evaluation before enucleation. According to literature, conservative treatment was performed with optimal prognosis. At 24 months post surgery no evidence of recurrency was objective; the CT scan revealed optimal bone formation inside the reconstructed site. The use of fresh frozen bone allograft, thanks to its osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, can be a safe choice for reconstruction of bone defects after jaw cysts removal.

Patholologic fracture of the mandible after removal of follicular cyst.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to report a 61-year-old man who presented a complication after mandibular follicular cyst removal. METHODS: The patient underwent surgery, via intraoral approach: removal of the lesion and the dental follicle with curettage and extraction of the mandibular right third molar. Two weeks after surgery, the patient reported a slight malocclusion. The x-ray showed a fracture near the right mandibular angle. The fracture was treated by application of a long mandibular plate. RESULTS: Two years after surgery, the patient is asymptomatic. Inferior alveolar nerve sensitivity returned completely. CONCLUSIONS: In the reported case, a satisfactory result was obtained after the treatment of the complication confirmed by postoperative x-rays.

Follicular cyst of the jaw developing into a keratocyst in a patient with unrecognized Gorlin-Goltz syndrome.

Gorlin-Goltz (GG) syndrome is an inherited autosomal dominant condition. Its diagnosis may be clinically confirmed by checking either major or minor signs that define the diagnostic criteria. It may occur that, although GG syndrome is a well-known condition, only the specific symptom could be observed by different specialists. Therefore, the patient cannot be placed into an always complex clinical panel. We introduce an example in this report. Throughout a 20-year clinical history characterized by the lack of proper diagnosis and missed follow-up operations, a patient with GG syndrome underwent partial amputation of the jaw after severe complications. A 52-year-old man required an implant-prosthetic rehabilitation since becoming edentulous after a partial resection of the jaw due to a keratocyst, which was later reconstructed through a free fibula flap. The observation of a typical phenotype and various symptoms that succeeded for longer than 20 years, with anamnestic evaluation and clinical examination, led us to suspect a complex pathologic condition such as GG syndrome, which was not previously considered, although the patient had undergone several polyspecialistic evaluations. Diagnosis has been eventually confirmed by a genetic study, which was always mandatory. The simultaneous presence of muscular and skeletal malformations, basocellular nevi, and multiple cysts of the jaw can represent signs linking to a condition such as GG syndrome. There are many syndromes involving the head and neck region, and specialists are supposed to be alerted when faced with similar typical expressions associated with a characteristic soma so as to avoid delays in diagnosing the syndrome.

Follicular jaw cysts.

The aim of this study was to examine the occurrence, localization, size, ways of diagnosing and treatment of a foIlicular jaw cyst. Assessment of the patients' motives and their earlier health status was recorded, as well as their postoperative clinical course. Most of the patients were admitted because of pain, swelling, trismus, or other difficulties associated with cyst formation. Follicular cysts with persisting primary predecessor had an asymptomatic development, and were discovered after orthodontic examination or by chance. In most cases pathohistological finding and description of the formation have coincided with each other (p < 0.05). Cysts of different sizes were treated by different surgical approaches, most commonly alveolotomy and cystectomy in small cysts, while alveolotomy and cystectomy with suction or iodine tampon in large cysts. Cooperation of a dentist, an oral surgeon, a pathologist, and other specialists can lead to early diagnose and prevention of further growth of a follicular jaw cyst, thus preventing substantial bone damage.

Giant follicular cyst with maxillary sinus and pterygomaxillary space extension.

BACKGROUND: Dentigerous, follicular, cysts are developmental odontogenic cysts of reduced adamantine epithelium origin, associated with an impacted tooth. They are the second most frequent cystic pathology after inflammatory cysts. Although the frequency of dentigerous cysts associated with upper third molars is far lower than the mandibular ones, their complications are nothing but ordinary. Most of the times asymptomatic, being discovered during routine x-ray examinations, maxillary follicular cysts can grow to important size, altering the position of adjacent teeth, producing osteolysis of the nearby bone structures, as well as infectious complications, antral and orbital pathology. CASE REPORT: The present manuscript describes the clinical, radiological, pathological and therapeutical aspects of a giant follicular cyst with antral and pterygomaxillary extension, associated with an impacted upper third molar. CONCLUSION: The most efficient treatment of maxillary follicular cysts consists in the surgical removal of the lesion along with the involved tooth. Complete excision is mandatory to prevent recurrence. Extension into adjacent structures might complicate the surgery Preoperative evaluation and rigorous planning are essential, especially in large-sized lesions. Pathological examination is outmost importance in order to exclude aggressive transformations. KEY WORDS: Dentigerous follicular cyst, Maxillary sinus extension, Pterygomaxillary space.

Mandibular osteomyelitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Case report.

Osteomyelitis is a relatively frequent bacterial infection of the jaw bones. This report describes a case of mandibular osteomyelitis in a surgical site after enucleation of a follicular cyst and extraction of the associated tooth. This case is unusual because maxillary osteomyelitis generally results from polymicrobial infection. In our patient, however, laboratory analysis identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the etiologic agent, an opportunistic pathogen normally found on moist surfaces and vegetation. Notorious for its antibiotic multiresistance, P. aeruginosa is increasingly recognized as a serious problem in hospitalized patients. Isolation of the responsible microbe permitted specific antibiotic treatment with a 10-day course of ciprofloxacin (250 mg/12 h), which fully cleared the infection.

Inflammatory follicular cysts associated to necrotic primary teeth.

BACKGROUND: Cysts are pathological cavities lined by epithelium and supported by connective tissue, containing fluid or semi-fluid substances and presenting developmental or inflammatory origins. CASE REPORT: This study aimed to evaluate a case series of inflammatory follicular cysts in children to clarify their nomenclature, diagnosis, clinical implications and treatment outcomes. Prevalence, aetio-pathogenesis, clinical, radiographic and microscopic findings, treatments and sequelae of this condition were assessed by using the records of patients treated between 2000 and 2015. Data were analysed and presented descriptively. FOLLOW-UP: This was performed periodically for 2 years to monitor lesion regression and complete eruption of impacted permanent teeth. All of the involved permanent teeth erupted naturally. Twelve cases of asymptomatic lesions with volumetric bone expansion were identified through radiographic findings or delayed tooth eruption in patients aged between 8 and 14 years. After establishing the diagnosis of inflammatory follicular cyst, necrotic primary teeth extraction was followed by decompression of the cystic lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated cases were consistent with inflammatory follicular cyst diagnoses. The proposed treatment was considered to be appropriate, that was revealed by the maintenance of the permanent teeth involved during the patients follow-up.

[The follicular cyst of the mandibula--case report]. / Torbiel zawiazkowa zuchwy--opis przypadku.

Cyst is a pathological cavity which is surrounded by capsule and filled with matter of different compactness and composition. Cysts may originate in bones and in soft tissues. We are describing the case of the follicular cyst of the mandibula diagnosed for a 55 years old female patient. After diagnosis based on clinical, laryngological examination, computerized tomography, amber-coloured fluid in aspiration biopsy, the cyst and the unerupted tooth were surgically removed. Now the patient is under laryngological care.

Transmigrated mandibular permanent canine: a case report.

A case of transmigration of mandibular canine is presented. The importance of anesthetizing the transmigrated tooth from the side of origin is highlighted.

[The possibility of orthodontic therapy in transplanted teeth]. / Possibilità di terapia ortodontica nei denti trapiantati.

The paper reports four cases of tooth transplant: two teeth were transplanted once they were fully mature (completely formed roots) and two were transplanted as germs. Having documented the clinical and radiological recovery for all four teeth, orthodontic braces were applied for a variety of reasons. In the two cases of teeth transplanted once the roots had completely formed it was impossible to move the teeth, whereas in the case of the germ transplants the teeth were quickly moved to a correct occlusal position. On the basis of these different reactions, the author assesses the possibility of histological recovery of the tooth transplant. Repeated radiographic controls showed anomalies in radicular formation and of the camera pulposa. Lastly, the paper discusses the optimal time to transplant a tooth germ.

[A clinical contribution to the conservative surgical therapy of giant follicular cysts of the mandible]. / Contributo clinico alla terapia conservativo-chirurgica delle cisti follicolari giganti del mascellare inferiore.

Three clinical cases of mandibular giant follicular cyst were described. Personal experience with an initial conservative approach is described and some interesting conclusions about the short time of bone new generation of maxillary are presented. As soon as possible, the extraction of impacted tooth will be made without the risk of mandibular fracture or vascular-nervous lesions.

Submerged mandibular carious deciduous second molar along with an impacted second premolar associated with an atypical inflammatory follicular cyst: a rare case report.

The author presents a case of submerged carious deciduous molar along with an inflammatory atypical follicular cyst associated with an impacted mandibular second premolar in the right mandible identified through clinical and routine radiological examination including cone beam computed tomography and histopathology. The involvement of submerged deciduous molar with dental caries by itself a rare occurrence and an impacted permanent premolar tooth associated with an infected follicular cyst is still more a rare event.

Manifestation of an ameloblastic carcinoma ten years after follicular cyst enucleation in the mandibular ramus.

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare tumour which can emerge de novo or from an ameloblastoma. To our knowledge, malignant transformation from an odontogenic cyst into an AC has not been documented yet. This case report describes the manifestation of an AC 10 years after enucleation of a histologically confirmed follicular cyst in the angle of the mandible.