RESUMO
In the present study, we evaluated prophylactic prospective of liposome based DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with interleukin-18 (IL-18) against experimental murine brucellosis. The immunization schedule involves liposome-mediated delivery of pVsod (encoding SOD of Brucella abortus) and pVIL18-sod (encoding IL-18 of mouse and SOD of B. abortus) DNA constructs. The data highlight potential of Escherichia coli lipid liposome (escheriosome) based DNA delivery vehicle to induce SOD specific humoral and cellular immune responses in the immunized mice. The co-expression of SOD along with IL-18 ensued in higher lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production in comparison to the group of animals that were immunized with free form of SOD-DNA. Antibody response developed upon immunization with both DNA vaccines was of IgG2a type mainly. The results of the present study show that co-expression of IL-18 along with SOD polarized the antigen specific immune responses toward Th-1 direction, a desirable feature to control intracellular pathogens.
Assuntos
Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Brucella abortus/imunologia , Brucelose/prevenção & controle , Interleucina-18/genética , Superóxido Dismutase/genética , Vacinas de DNA/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Vacina contra Brucelose/administração & dosagem , Brucella abortus/enzimologia , Brucella abortus/genética , Brucelose/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular , Feminino , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Interferon gama/genética , Interferon gama/metabolismo , Interleucina-18/imunologia , Lipossomos , Ativação Linfocitária , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Baço/imunologia , Baço/microbiologia , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Vacinas de DNA/administração & dosagemRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-Streptococcus mutans activity of Hyptis pectinata essential oil, and present its promising potential against oral diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The essential oil of H. pectinata was obtained by hydrodistillation from dried leaves and analyzed by GC / MS. The effectiveness of this essential oil regarding the antimicrobial activity against several S. mutans strains was investigated by the agar diffusion and microdilution methods, and chlorohexidine was used as a standard control. RESULTS: The H. pectinata essential oil exhibited considerable inhibitory effect against either all the clinical isolates obtained from patients' saliva or the ATCC strains tested, with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of 200 microg ml(-1). The study also compared the efficiency of the emulsifying agents Tween 20, Tween 80, dimethyl sulfoxide and propylene glycol in H. pectinata essential oil when tested against S. mutans. The data obtained confirmed the better inhibitory effect of the oil when using all tested diluents, although Tween 80 seemed to be more suitable for emulsification. CONCLUSION: According to our results, H. pectinata essential oil can be considered a promising alternative to chlorhexidine for the control of oral bacteria-related diseases and hygiene.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Hyptis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Streptococcus mutans/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Anti-Infecciosos Locais/farmacologia , Clorexidina/farmacologia , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Dimetil Sulfóxido/farmacologia , Emulsificantes/farmacologia , Excipientes/farmacologia , Feminino , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Polissorbatos/farmacologia , Propilenoglicol/farmacologia , Saliva/microbiologia , Solventes/farmacologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
In an earlier study, we provided strong evidence that liposomes made of sperm membrane lipids (spermatosomes) can deliver entrapped molecules to the cytosol of target cells. Now we have evaluated the immunological behavior of spermatosome-encapsulated soluble antigen ovalbumin (OVA) in BALB/c mice. Spermatosome-mediated antigen delivery can affect both cytosolic and endosomal antigen-processing pathways, simultaneously, leading to the generation of CD4+ T-helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses. Isotype studies revealed that immunization with spermatosome-encapsulated OVA elicits mainly IgG2a and IgG1 subclasses of antibodies. A potential vaccine candidate should impart long-lasting protection against infection; to this end, immunization with spermatosome-encapsulated OVA resulted in expression of CD44 and CD62L cell-surface markers on T cells, suggestive of a desirable memory response. We conclude that spermatosome encapsulation is a useful strategy for vaccine production, because it enhances the immunological activity of the encapsulated antigen.