Prevention of Nasal Ala Pressure Injuries With Use of Hydroactive Dressings in Patients With Nasotracheal Intubation of Orthognathic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

PURPOSE: To compare a hydroactive dressing to an adhesive tape standard of care in the prevention of nasal ala pressure injuries associated with nasotracheal intubation during orthognathic surgery. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The study took place in a tertiary hospital of stomatology in China. Patients undergoing general anesthesia with nasotracheal intubation during orthognathic surgical procedures were invited to participate. METHODS: Participants were divided into 2 groups: in the experimental group, a hydroactive dressing was applied to the nasal ala before the surgical procedures; the control group received standard prevention with a type of tape. Skin assessments were performed on the wards up to 72 hours after the procedures. Demographic information and potential contributing factors associated the development of nasal ala pressure injuries were collected from patients' electronic medical records. Pressure injury development was staged using National Pressure Injury Advisory staging guidelines. Pressure injury incidence was compared between groups using the χ test and odds ratio. RESULTS: The sample comprised 450 participants, 225 in each group. The incidence of nasal ala pressure injuries development was 14.222% and 4.444% in the 2 groups, respectively (P = .000). The odds ratio was 3.565 (95% confidence interval, 1.707-7.443). CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicate that the incidence of pressure injuries of nasal ala skin protected by hydroactive dressings was lower than the standard preventive method. Hydroactive dressings should be considered as a prevention method to reduce device-related skin injuries associated with nasotracheal intubation.

Jug-PLGA-NPs, a New Form of Juglone with Enhanced Efficiency and Reduced Toxicity on Melanoma.

OBJECTIVE: To verrify the anti-tumor efficacy and toxicity between juglone (Jug) and Jug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (Jug-PLGA-NPs). METHODS: Jug-PLGA-NPs were prepared by ultrasonic emulsification. The anti-tumor activity of Jug (2, 3, 4 µg/mL) and Jug-PLGA-NPs (Jug: 2, 3, 4 µg/mL) in vitro was measured by MTT assay and cell apoptosis analysis. The distribution, anti-tumor effect and biological safety in vivo was evaluated on A375 nude mice. RESULTS: With the advantage of good penetration and targeting properties, Jug-PLGA-NPs significantly inhibited proliferation and migration of melanoma cells both in vitro and in vivo (P<0.05 or P<0.01) with acceptable biocompatibility. CONCLUSIONS: Jug can inhibit the growth of melanoma but is highly toxic. With the advantage of sustained release, tumor targeting, anti-tumor activity and acceptable biological safety, Jug-PLGA-NPs provide a new pharmaceutical form for future application of Jug.

PLGA nanoparticle-based docetaxel/LY294002 drug delivery system enhances antitumor activities against gastric cancer.

Docetaxel (TXT) is acknowledged as one of the most important chemotherapy agents for gastric cancer (GC). PI3K/AKT signaling is frequently activated in GC, and its inhibitor LY294002 exerts potent antitumor effects. However, the hydrophobicity of TXT and the poor solubility and low bioavailability of LY294002 limit their clinical application. To overcome these shortcomings, we developed poly(lactic acid/glycolic) (PLGA) nanoparticles loaded with TXT and LY294002. PLGA facilitated the accumulation of TXT and LY294002 at the tumor sites. The in vitro functional results showed that PLGA(TXT+LY294002) exhibited controlled-release and resulted in a markedly reduced proliferative capacity and an elevated apoptosis rate. An in vivo orthotopic GC mouse model and xenograft mouse model confirmed the anticancer superiority and tumor-targeting feature of PLGA(TXT+LY294002). Histological analysis indicated that PLGA(TXT+LY294002) was biocompatible and had no toxicity to major organs. Characterized by the combined slow release of TXT and LY294002, this novel PLGA-based TXT/LY294002 drug delivery system provides controlled release and tumor targeting and is safe, shedding light on the future of targeted therapy against GC.