RESUMO
Conjugated polymer nanomaterials (CPNs), as optically and electronically active materials, hold promise for biomedical imaging and drug delivery applications. This review highlights the recent advances in the utilization of CPNs in theranostics. Specifically, CPN-based in vivo imaging techniques, including near-infrared (NIR) imaging, two-photon (TP) imaging, photoacoustic (PA) imaging, and multimodal (MM) imaging, are introduced. Then, CPN-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are surveyed. A variety of stimuli-responsive CPN systems for drug delivery are also summarized, and the promising trends and translational challenges are discussed.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Nanoestruturas/química , Polímeros/química , Nanomedicina Teranóstica , FotoquimioterapiaRESUMO
Nanoscale materials are now attracting a great deal of attention for biomedical applications. Conjugated polymer nanoparticles have remarkable photophysical properties that make them highly advantageous for biological fluorescence imaging. We report on conjugated polymer nanoparticles with phenylboronic acid tags on the surface for fluorescence detection of neurotransmitter dopamine in both living PC12 cells and brain of zebrafish larvae. The selective enrichment of dopamine and fluorescence signal amplification characteristics of the nanoparticles show rapid and high-sensitive probing such neurotransmitter with the detection limit of 38.8 nM, and minimum interference from other endogenous molecules. It demonstrates the potential of nanomaterials as a multifunctional nanoplatform for targeting, diagnosis, and therapy of dopamine-relative disease.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/metabolismo , Dopamina/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Polímeros/química , Peixe-Zebra/metabolismo , Animais , Ácidos Borônicos/química , Difusão Dinâmica da Luz , Corantes Fluorescentes/química , Larva/metabolismo , Luz , Microscopia Confocal , Nanopartículas/metabolismo , Células PC12 , Polímeros/síntese química , Ratos , Peixe-Zebra/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The present study describes a flexible nanoplatform based on electrostatic assembly of conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cMWNTs). It is demonstrated that the obtained nanocomposites inherit intrinsic optical properties of CPEs and characteristic Raman vibration modes of MWNTs, providing a fluorescence-Raman dual-imaging method for intracellular tracking and locating of MWNTs. We suggest that the cellular internalization of the CPE-cMWNT nanocomposites is a surface charge-dependent process. The strengths of this nanoplatform include satisfying biocompatibility, enhanced protein-repellent property, and ease of implementation, making it available for both in vitro and in vivo applications.
Assuntos
Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Eletrólitos/química , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Polímeros/química , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos , Adsorção , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Carbono/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Citocromos c/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Hemoglobinas/química , Cavalos , Humanos , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Nanocompostos/química , Nanotecnologia , Óptica e Fotônica , Eletricidade EstáticaRESUMO
Dextran modified with pendant acetals is used to load doxorubicin (DOX) and a near-infrared-emissive conjugated polymer (BTTPF), and this aims to provide selective drug release at therapeutic targets including tumors. The BTTPF is applicable to tracking the anticancer drug release through the change of Förster resonance energy transfer efficiency between doxorubicin and BTTPF during degradation of the nanoparticles in vivo.