RESUMO
The responses of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola 4326 (Psm4326) harboring cloned avirulence genes avrB and avrRpt2 from P. syringae pv. glycinea were examined. Psm4326 containing avirulent genes, avrB and avrRpt2 induced lignification and peroxidase activities in the bacteria infiltrated leaves of Col-O only and not in Mt-O, Bla-2 and Po-1. However, Arabidopsis ecotypes infiltrated with Psm4326 harboring with and without avirulent genes all showed differential induction of mRNA for peroxidase gene and lignin accumulation up to 24 h after infiltration. Only avrB gene in Col-O showed strong corelationship between peroxidase mRNA expression as well as lignification gradually up to 36 h after infiltration. These results extend previous observations that avirulence genes from pathogens of one host plant can be recognized by non-host plants and provide the genetic framework for analysis of the plant-specific response to the bacterial avirulent gene products in A. thaliana.
Assuntos
Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/microbiologia , Genes Bacterianos , Lignina/metabolismo , Pseudomonas/genética , Arabidopsis/enzimologia , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática , Cloreto de Magnésio/metabolismo , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Peroxidase/genética , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Floroglucinol/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Pseudomonas/patogenicidade , Pseudomonas/fisiologia , Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
Experimental cervical carotid aneurysms in dogs are obliterated with isobutyl-cyanoacrylate ( IBCA ) injected under direct vision into the aneurysm. Reflux of IBCA into the artery was prevented by inflating either a latex or a Silastic balloon in the carotid artery at the level of the neck of the aneurysm. This balloon was introduced through a catheter advanced into the common carotid artery by femoral catheterization. The Silastic balloon was found to be much more effective than the latex balloon in preventing spillage of IBCA into the lumen.
Assuntos
Bucrilato/uso terapêutico , Cianoacrilatos/uso terapêutico , Aneurisma Intracraniano/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Artérias Carótidas/cirurgia , Cães , Embolização Terapêutica , Aneurisma Intracraniano/patologia , Aneurisma Intracraniano/cirurgia , Elastômeros de Silicone/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Pediatric skull base tumors are rare and until recently were considered unresectable. We present two patients with tumors of similar anatomic position with an extracranial component in the infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space, an isthmus at the foramen ovale, and a superior component in the middle cranial fossa in the region of the cavernous sinus. A 15-year-old girl experienced contiguous spread of a spindle cell sarcoma; an 18-year-old boy developed a chondrosarcoma. A middle fossa approach provided the advantage of surgical avoidance of structures such as the middle ear and mastoid, facial nerve, and mandible. Postoperative recovery was rapid. Our impression is that preoperative carotid artery occlusion and a middle fossa approach for tumor resection can be performed in a young patient with acceptable morbidity and at least short-term benefit. Surgery can, therefore, provide an additional therapeutic approach to complement irradiation and chemotherapy.