Scrapie at Abattoir: Monitoring, Control, and Differential Diagnosis of Wasting Conditions during Meat Inspection.

Wasting disease in small ruminants is frequently detected at slaughterhouses. The wasting disorder is manifested by the deterioration of the nutritional and physiological state of the animal indicated by thinness, emaciation, and cachexia. Evidence of emaciation and cachexia, alone, are pathological conditions leading to carcass condemnation during an inspection. Several diseases are associated with a wasting condition, including scrapie, pseudotuberculosis, tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, Maedi Visna, and tumor diseases. On the other hand, parasitic diseases, nutrition disorders, exposure or ingestion of toxins, metabolic conditions, inadequate nutrition due to poor teeth, or poor alimentary diet are conditions contributing to poor body condition. Classical and atypical scrapie is naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in small ruminants. The etiological agent for each one is prions. However, each of these scrapie types is epidemiologically, pathologically, and biochemically different. Though atypical scrapie occurs at low incidence, it is consistently prevalent in the small ruminant population. Hence, it is advisable to include differential diagnosis of this disease, from other possibilities, as a cause of wasting conditions detected during meat inspection at the abattoir. This manuscript is a review of the measures in force at the abattoir for scrapie control, focusing on the differential diagnosis of gross lesions related to wasting conditions detected in small ruminants during meat inspection.

Indicações de remoção de material de síntese no complexo maxilofacial: revisão sistemática de literatura / Indications for removal of synthesis material in maxillofacial complex: Systematic literature review

O objetivo desta revisão sistemática de literatura é avaliar indicações para remoção ou não do material de síntese utilizado no tratamento cirúrgico das fraturas da face. Utilizou-se para a revisão de literatura o índice ?Medline? com as palavras-chave ?facial fracture and miniplates removal?, onde foram encontrados 06 artigos publicados entre os anos de 1998 a 2007 e que apresentavam indicações para a remoção de material de síntese. As principais indicações para a remoção foram: infecção, dor, placas palpáveis e exposição. Concluiu-se que não existem estudos definitivos quanto a melhor conduta a ser tomada, cabendo ao cirurgião avaliar cada caso para definir qual a melhor conduta a ser tomada

The objective of this systematic literature review is to present justifications or not, and indications for the removal of plates and screws used in the treatment of facial fractures. It was used, for the literature revision, the index ?Medline? with the key-word ?facial fracture and miniplates removal?, we found 06 articles published from 1998 to 2007 that presented indications for the removal of synthesis material. The main indications for the removal were: infection, pain, palpable plates and plate exposure. The conclusion was that definitive studies, regarding the best conduct to be taken, still don?t exist. The surgeon must evaluate each case to define the best conduct to take

Tumor odontogênico de células granulares: [revisão] / Granular cell odontogenic tumor: [review]

Introdução: os tumores odontogênicos de células granulares são neoplasias raras que normalmente se manifestam clinicamente de maneira benigna. O tumor ocorre em uma ampla faixa etária com uma predileção pela região de caninos a molares mandibulares. Objetivo: apresentar uma revisão da literatura do tumor odontogênico de células granulares. Conclusões: o tumor não apresenta comportamento biológico agressivo, porém pode ocorrer recorrência. O tratamento é conservador, sendo a curetagem e a enucleação os procedimentos de eleição.

Introduction: the granular cell odontogenic tumors are an uncommon neoplasm with benign clinical behavior. The lesion occurs over a wide age range with a typically predilection for the mandibular canine and molar regions. Aim: present a granular cell odontogenic tumor literature review. Conclusions: the tumor don’t present an aggressive biological behavior although recurrences can occur. The lesion is treated by conservative surgery w ith curettage and enucleation as election procedures.

Considerações no tratamento odontológico e periodontal do paciente deficiente visual / Considerations in dental and periodontal treatment of the visually impaired patient

Geralmente, ocorre desconhecimento e preconceito por parte do cirurgião-dentista frente ao atendimento de pacientes com necessidades especiais. O paciente defciente visual é incluído neste grupo de pacientes, exceto pelas características estoma-tológicas. Neste caso, as condutas devem ser particularizadas. O propósito deste trabalho é apresentar as dificuldades vivenciadas durante o atendimento ao deficiente visual, discutindo a abordagem e relacionamento do cirurgião-dentista frente a este paciente.

Commonly, there is a lack of knowledge and prejudgment from the dentist when dealing with patients with special needs. The visually impaired individual is included in this group of patients, except for the stomatological characteristics. In this case, the management must be particularized. The purpose of this paper is to present the difculties experienced during the treatment of a visually impaired patient, discussing the approach and the relationship patient-professional.