Prognosis by cancer type and incidence of zoledronic acid-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a single-center retrospective study.

PURPOSE: Survival time after bisphosphonate use has been increasingly recognized to be associated with the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ); however, this has not been elucidated sufficiently in the literature. This study aimed to clarify the incidence of MRONJ and the corresponding survival rate of patients treated with zoledronic acid (ZA) for each type of cancer and obtain useful information for the oral/dental supportive care of cancer patients. METHODS: We evaluated 988 patients who were administered ZA at our hospital; among them, 862 patients with metastatic bone tumors or myeloma were included. RESULTS: The median survival time (MST) after ZA initiation was 35, 34, 8, 41, 12, and 6 months for patients with breast, prostrate, lung, myeloma, renal, and other cancers, respectively. Patients with cancers that had a short survival time (lung and other cancers [MST = 8 and 6 months, respectively] and cancers with MST < 10 months) did not develop MRONJ; this could be attributed to the shorter duration of ZA administration. The cumulative incidence of MRONJ in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and multiple myeloma was related to the frequency of anti-resorptive drug use and the increased risk over time. In renal cancer, the cumulative incidence of MRONJ increased early, although the MST was 12 months. CONCLUSION: For the dentists in charge of dental management, it is essential to be aware of prognosis-related factors, predict MRONJ risk for each cancer treatment, and use risk prediction in dental management planning, particularly for cancers with non-poor prognosis.

Feasibility and efficacy of low-dose pegfilgrastim for CD34+ cell mobilization in lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: Pegfilgrastim has equivalent efficacy to daily granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in enhancing neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy, but data on its use for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization are limited. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of CD34+ PBSC mobilization by low-dose (3.6 mg) pegfilgrastim after chemotherapy in patients with malignant lymphoma. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty patients with malignant lymphoma were enrolled in this study. Cytotoxic chemotherapy was started on day 1, and 3.6 mg of pegfilgrastim was subcutaneously administered on day 7. CD34+ cells were counted in the peripheral blood daily from days 11 to 14 using a flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: In 19 of the 20 patients (95%), the CD34+ cell counts in the peripheral blood exceeded 10 × 106/L, with a mean value of 20.3 on day 11, 38.0 on day 12, 40.3 on day 13, and 40.1 on day 14. Older age was associated with lower maximum CD34+ cell mobilization. The most frequent adverse events associated with pegfilgrastim were back pain, nausea, appetite loss, and lactate dehydrogenase elevation. CONCLUSION: Our data indicated that a single dose of 3.6 mg pegfilgrastim on day 7 after chemotherapy safely and effectively mobilized CD34+ cells.