RESUMO
Although foam sclerotherapy to varicose veins is now a popular treatment because of its high efficacy and safety, some neurologic complications have recently been reported. Presently, the effectiveness and safety of intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator therapy to stroke following foam sclerotherapy remain unclear. Here, we report the case of a 68-year-old woman whose ischemic symptoms following foam sclerotherapy were treated by intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. After she was admitted, the venous thrombosis in her right soleus vein and a patent foramen ovale causing the right-to-left shunt were revealed. Thus, we diagnosed the ischemic symptoms were due to paradoxical embolism following foam sclerotherapy. After intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator therapy, there was no complication and the outcome was good. Our case suggests the effectiveness and the safety of intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator therapy to paradoxical embolism following foam sclerotherapy.
Assuntos
Embolia Paradoxal/tratamento farmacológico , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapêutico , Forame Oval Patente/complicações , Escleroterapia/efeitos adversos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tecidual/uso terapêutico , Administração Intravenosa , Idoso , Embolia Paradoxal/etiologia , Feminino , Forame Oval Patente/terapia , Humanos , Polidocanol , Polietilenoglicóis/efeitos adversos , Polietilenoglicóis/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Soluções Esclerosantes/efeitos adversos , Soluções Esclerosantes/uso terapêutico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Varizes/complicações , Varizes/terapia , Trombose Venosa/complicações , Trombose Venosa/terapiaRESUMO
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the quantitative analysis of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APnEOs) and their biodegradation products. To generate a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) for the ELISA, hybridoma cells were produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from mice immunized with nonylphenol polyethoxylate (NPnEO) derivatives coupled to bovine serum albumin. The developed ELISA showed the detection limits of 16 and 30 microg/L NP10EO when 10% and 60% (v/v) methanol solutions were used as assay diluent. The mAb was shown to be specific to APnEOs and their metabolites, such as short-ethoxy-chain APnEOs and alkylphenoxy carboxylic acids, except for nonylphenol. Moreover, no response was observed with non-APnEO surfactants as well as other compounds structurally similar to APnEOs. The percentage river water recoveries of 85-118% were obtained for 10 microg/L NP10EO fortification after preconcentration by C18 solid-phase extraction. The ELISA was also validated by comparing it with high-performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of APnEOs and their metabolites in river samples; the correlation coefficient between the values obtained by these assays was 0.96.