Evaluation of dental trauma in inmates of the most highly populated Brazilian prison complex.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Due to the increase in incarceration rates, the prison community has attracted much concern in the recent past. Although people in prison are often socially disadvantaged and vulnerable to a range of health problems, there is a lack of information on the oral health conditions of prisoners. Thus, the aim of this study was to survey the oral problems of a sample of the male incarcerated population of Brazil, focusing on dental trauma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research was undertaken over a three-month period in 2017. It was a cross-sectional study of 756 prisoners of the Curado Prison Complex, located in Recife, PE. Using a previously calibrated examiner, dental trauma was measured with the Andreasen index. Etiology of dental trauma and socio-demographic data were collected with questions developed for this survey. Standard descriptive statistics were used to report frequency estimates. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare groups. In addition, a binary logistic regression was performed to identify whether the studied variables could predict the occurrence of dental trauma. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental trauma in the sample was 10.8% and most of the cases (42.7%) occurred due to violent events. A higher frequency of violent etiology was observed in cases that occurred during imprisonment (p = 0.037). Individuals that suffered dental trauma during incarceration were more likely to have been incarcerated for longer periods of time (p = 0.043). The main type of injury found was enamel and dentin fracture without pulp exposure (68%). The most affected tooth was the upper right central incisor (40%). CONCLUSION: These results underline the high prevalence of dental trauma experienced by men in prison.

Relationship Between Occlusal Features and Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Patients With Mucopolysaccharidoses.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the relation between occlusal features and enzyme replacement therapy in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample consisted of 20 patients with mucopolysaccharidoses, 10 of whom were undergoing treatment at a hospital in northeast Brazil. Occlusal features were evaluated by clinical examination and panoramic radiography. A structured questionnaire was administered to evaluate the dental care of each patient. Pearson χ2, Fisher exact, and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis, with a level of significance of 5%. RESULTS: Marked overjet (75%) and anterior open bite (70%) were the most frequent occlusal alterations, and 15% had Class III disorders. Radiography visualized the presence of impacted teeth (75%) and prolonged retention of deciduous teeth (65%). Patients with enzyme replacement therapy had a lower average maximum protrusion (P = .033). A total of 75% of mothers said they had not been advised to take their children to the dentist and 10% of children had never been to the dentist. CONCLUSION: Patients with mucopolysaccharidoses exhibited notable occlusal alterations, especially marked overjet and anterior open bite. Enzyme replacement therapy seems to influence the maximum protrusion of patients.

Digital panoramic radiography versus cone beam computed tomography in the delineation of maxillomandibular tumors.

This research aimed to compare the efficacy of digital panoramic radiography (DPR) with that of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for delineation of odontogenic and nonodontogenic tumors. From November 2009 through March 2011, 23 tumors in the maxillomandibular complex were diagnosed by histopathological examination. All DPRs and CBCTs were obtained and analyzed by a single previously calibrated radiologist, who considered the following radiographic aspects: clarity of the lesion edges, relation with dental elements, involvement of adjacent anatomical structures, cortical bone expansion and disruption, and, if present, type of involved anatomical structures and site of bone expansion and disruption. Of 23 patients, 15 (65.2%) were male and 8 (34.8%) were female. The tumor was classified as odontogenic in 73.9% of patients and nonodontogenic in 26.1% of patients. Analysis revealed that 56.5% of the tumors were located in the mandible, 34.8% in the maxilla, and 8.7% in both arches. For all analyzed variables, CBCTs offered more accurate details than did DPRs. Panoramic radiography should not be the examination of choice to visualize lesions in the maxillomandibular complex.

The effect of biopolymer gel derived from sugarcane on healing of traumatic oral ulcers: an experimental study.

PURPOSE: The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) is produced by the bacterium Zoogloea sp. and plays a positive role in tissue repair. The purpose of this study was to clinically and histologically compare the effects of EPS in the healing of traumatic oral ulcers in rats with the effects of triamcinolone. METHODS: Ulcers were induced in the oral mucous of 45 male Wistar rats, divided into three groups: control group, treated with triamcinolone, and treated with biopolymer gel. In the clinical evaluation, we considered the weight variation of the animals and the size of the lesion area, at baseline and on treatment days 1, 3 and 7. The histological parameters evaluated were the type and intensity of the inflammatory infiltration, the presence of necrosis and foreign body granuloma and the degree of re-epithelialization of the lesion. RESULTS: The reduction of the lesion area was greater in the animals treated with EPS, with no difference in the intensity of the inflammatory infiltration between the groups on days 3 and 7 of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that topical application of EPS in traumatic oral ulcers of rats promotes faster repair than triamcinolone ointment, without increasing the intensity of inflammatory infiltration under the lesion.

Epidemiological evaluation of jaw cysts according to the new WHO classification: a 30-year retrospective analysis.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiology of maxillofacial odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed for 30 years in a Brazilian population. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1989 and 2019. Data regarding age, gender, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Further, a literature search for similar studies was performed. A total of 6.994 biopsy records were evaluated, but only 367 (5.24%) cases were classified as odontogenic cysts (OC) or non-odontogenic cysts (NOC). Among all cystic lesions, 341 cases (92.9%) were OC and 26 cases (7.1%) were NOC. These lesions were more common in females (n = 208 / 56.67%) and located mostly in the mandible (n = 195 / 53.1%). In patients with OC, the radicular cyst was the most frequent (n = 134 / 36.5%), followed by the dentigerous cyst (n = 101 / 27.5%) and the odontogenic keratocyst (n = 52 / 14.2%). Patients with NOC had a higher frequency of epidermoid cyst (n = 12 / 3.3%), oral lymphoepithelial cyst (n = 7 / 1.9%), and nasopalatine duct cyst (n = 4 / 1.1%). The OCs were more prevalent than NOCs, and inflammatory cysts were the most common among all the OCs.

Oral Medicine and Pharmacology Teleconsulting Sessions of the Telehealth Program in one Southeastern State of Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate questions concerning oral medicineand pharmacology-related specialties of asynchronous dental teleconsulting sessions of the Telehealth Brazil Networks Program. Material and Methods: Data were collected from secondary databases of asynchronous dental teleconsulting sessions of the telehealth centers of Minas Gerais from July 2015 to July 2017. The variables for dental underlying fields and the types of questions were evaluated. Descriptive analysis was performed with the SPSS v.22.0 program. Results: 3,920 teleconsulting sessions were referred to the telehealth centers of Minas Gerais during the study period. Regarding oral medicine-related questions (n=745), most (n=469; 62.95%) addressed diagnosis, whereas the underlying field questions mostly regarded fungal, viral, and bacterial infections (17.3%), biopsies (16.4%), developmental defects and dental abnormalities (9.9%), and soft tissue tumors (9.4%). Pharmacology-related questions (n=738) mostly addressed general approaches (n=672; 91.06%), and the most common questions were about underlying fields' prescriptions (44.7%), anesthetics (17.6%), adverse effects of medications and anesthetics (10.2%), and selection of anesthetics for patients with systemic conditions (9.8%). Conclusion: Most teleconsulting sessions regarded conditions or procedures common in primary health care and essential for diagnosis and treatment planning at all care levels, which suggests a need for more academic learning processes for healthcare professionals, especially in dentistry primary fields.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Galectins-1, -3, and -7 in Periapical Granulomas, Radicular Cysts, and Residual Radicular Cysts.

INTRODUCTION: Galectins play important roles in immunoinflammatory responses, but their participation in the development of periapical lesions remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the expressions of galectins-1, -3, and -7 in periapical lesions, correlating them with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and the pattern of the cystic epithelium. METHODS: Twenty periapical granulomas (PGs), 20 radicular cysts (RCs), and 20 residual radicular cysts (RRCs) were submitted to immunohistochemistry using anti-galectin-1, -3, and -7 antibodies. The percentage of immunopositive cells in epithelial and connective tissues was determined. RESULTS: In connective tissue, PGs exhibited higher cytoplasmic/membrane expression of galectins-1 and -7 than RCs and RRCs (P < .05). There was higher nuclear expression of galectin-1 in PGs compared with RCs and RRCs (P < .05). The expression of galectins-1 and -7 in connective tissue was higher in lesions with grade III inflammation (P < .05). No significant differences in galectin-3 immunoexpression were observed for any of the parameters evaluated (P > .05). In the epithelial component, a higher nuclear expression of galectin-7 was detected in RRCs (P < .05), and a higher cytoplasmic/membrane expression of this protein was found in cysts with hyperplastic epithelium (P < .05). Positive correlations were observed between the nuclear and cytoplasmic/membrane expression of galectin-1 in connective tissue (P < .05) as well as between the nuclear and cytoplasmic/membrane expression of galectin-7 in epithelial tissue of cysts (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Galectins-1 and -7 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of PGs, RCs, and RRCs. On the other hand, the present results suggest only a minor involvement of galectin-3 in the development of these lesions.

Salivary and Serum Biochemical Analysis from Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in Hemodialysis: A Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare salivary and serum biochemical levels in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: The sample was composed of 57 patients treated in Hemodialysis Reference Centers, from a state of Northeastern Brazilian, with age ≥21 years old with at least 3 months of hemodialysis treatment time. Serum data were obtained from records. Unstimulated and stimulated saliva were collected. Flow rate (mL/min) was measured. Spectrophotometry was performed for the measurement of salivary levels of calcium (570 nm), urea (340 nm), and creatinine (510 nm). Statistical analysis used Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p<0.05). Results: Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates were 0.43 mL/min and 1.69 mL/min, respectively. There was significant difference (p<0.001) of levels of calcium (5.41 mg/dL and 9.70 mg/dL), urea (118.03 mg/dL and 183.22 mg/dL) and creatinine (0.59 mg/dL and 9.20 mg/dL) between saliva and serum, respectively. Concerning the time of hemodialysis, salivary and serum calcium not exhibited significant association; however, serum urea (p=0.012) and serum creatinine (p=0.025) showed significant association to the time of hemodialysis. Conclusion: Salivary biochemical levels of urea, creatinine and calcium can indicate the presence of a possible chronic renal failure and the saliva demonstrated to be a potential auxiliary biofluid for clinical monitoring renal alterations.

Epidemiological evaluation of jaw cysts according to the new WHO classification: a 30-year retrospective analysis

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiology of maxillofacial odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed for 30 years in a Brazilian population. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1989 and 2019. Data regarding age, gender, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Further, a literature search for similar studies was performed. A total of 6.994 biopsy records were evaluated, but only 367 (5.24%) cases were classified as odontogenic cysts (OC) or non-odontogenic cysts (NOC). Among all cystic lesions, 341 cases (92.9%) were OC and 26 cases (7.1%) were NOC. These lesions were more common in females (n = 208 / 56.67%) and located mostly in the mandible (n = 195 / 53.1%). In patients with OC, the radicular cyst was the most frequent (n = 134 / 36.5%), followed by the dentigerous cyst (n = 101 / 27.5%) and the odontogenic keratocyst (n = 52 / 14.2%). Patients with NOC had a higher frequency of epidermoid cyst (n = 12 / 3.3%), oral lymphoepithelial cyst (n = 7 / 1.9%), and nasopalatine duct cyst (n = 4 / 1.1%). The OCs were more prevalent than NOCs, and inflammatory cysts were the most common among all the OCs.

Percepção dos concluintes sobre a qualidade do curso noturno de Odontologia em instituição pública do nordeste brasileiro / Perception of graduates about the quality ofthe night course in dentistry at a public institution in northeastern Brazil

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar apercepção de concluintes sobre aqualidade do curso noturno de umainstituição de ensino superior (IES), sediada em uma capital do Nordeste do Brasil, por meiodas respostas ao questionário do estudante doEnade 2016. Tratou-se de umapesquisa documental, cujos dados foram obtidosda planilha de microdados do Enade 2016, empregando o código da IES obtido no sistema eletrônico do Ministério da Educação(eMEC). As variáveis sociodemográficas foram utilizadas para caracterizar o perfil dos concluintes. As respostas foram agrupadas em positiva, neutra ou negativa para três seções do questionário:organização didático-pedagógica, infraestrutura/instalações físicas do curso e ampliação da formação acadêmica-profissional. Ostestes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher,aplicados com 95% de confiança, foram utilizados para comparar as respostas dos cursos integral e noturno.O perfil sociodemográfico incluiu um grupo majoritariamente do sexo masculino, idade média de 28,9 anos, solteiros e brancos. Na avaliação da qualidade quanto à organização didático-pedagógica e infraestrutura/instalações físicas do curso, a percepção dos estudantesfoi positiva para a maioria dos subcomponentes do questionário. A percepção dos egressos desse curso apresentou resultados positivos, caracterizando indicador de qualidade. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa nas respostas dos estudantes do curso integral e noturno referentes às oportunidades de extensão, intercâmbios e/ou estágio internacional. O estudo indicou que este curso noturno não apresenta a mesma percepção de referencial de qualidade, pelos estudantes, quanto às atividades extracurriculares para formação profissional (AU).

This was a documentary research, using data from the student questionnaire of ENADE 2016. We analyzed the answers given by students who completed a public higher education course in Dentistry at a public institution in a Capital city in Northeastern Brazil. The IES data were filtered from the ENADE 2016 microdata worksheet, using the IES code, as obtained from the electronic system of the MEC (eMEC). The sociodemographic variables were used to characterize the profile of the graduates of the night course. The answers to the questionnaire were grouped into categories of positive, neutral or negative responses, for the three sections of the questionnaire: didactic-pedagogical organization, infrastructure and physical facilities of the course, and expansion of academic and professional development. The latter was analyzed comparatively between the night course(?)and full-time students of the same IEH, by using the Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test applied with 95% confidence. The sociodemographic profile included a group of single, white, males, with a mean age of 28.9 years. In the Quality assessment of the didactic-pedagogical organization, physical infrastructure and facilities of the course, students' perceptions were positive for the majority of the subcomponents of the questionnaire. There was statistically significant difference between the night and full-time course students' responses, in terms of opportunities for extension and exchanges and / or international internship. The perception of the graduates, presented positive results, conferring a criterion of quality. The study indicated that the policy of expansion of higher education to include the night classes remained fragmented as extracurricular activities in the development of these (night) students at the public university (AU).

Brazilian dentistry courses facing the COVID-19 pandemic / Cursos de Odontologia brasileiros frente à pandemia COVID-19

The study aimed to analyze the situation of Brazilian dental education considering the exceptionality of the COVID-19pandemic.An observational and analytical study was conducted with two cross-sections, using questionnaires sent to all course coordinators in Brazil, in the 1st semester of 2020 and in March 2021.At onset of the pandemic, the institutions interrupted on-site activities. There was significant association between private institutions and offering remote lectures and using these resources before the pandemic. The public sector was associated with not teaching remote lecturesand not using these resources previously. Public institutionshad a greater degree of difficulty in the use and access to technologies for online activitiesby professors and students, as well as a lower degree of preparation in relation to biosecurityprotocols to resume the clinical activities. Impacts were identified in different dimensions of dental education related to the development of practical activities and the establishment of new biosecurityprotocols. Nearly all private coursesdid not suspend activities or did it for less than one month and resumed clinical or laboratory activities at some point during the surveyed period, while public institutions required an average of 5 months for such reorganization.The COVID-19 pandemic substantially increased the use of digital media in Braziliandental education. From this assessment, there arefinancial limitations of the public sector to adapt the infrastructure to the requirements of the current biosecurityprotocols. In general, students are receiving support from the institutionand the coordinators identified negative impacts in different dimensions of dental education, notably in the establishment of new biosecurityprotocols, adequacy in the physical structure and teaching-learning process (AU).

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a situação da educação odontológica brasileira considerando a excepcionalidade da pandemia COVID-19. Foi realizado um estudo observacional e analítico com dois cortes transversais, por meio de questionários enviados a todos os coordenadores de curso no Brasil, no 1º semestre de 2020 e em março de 2021. No início da pandemia, as instituições interromperam as atividades presenciais. Houve associação significativa entre as instituições privadas e a oferta de aulasremotas e o uso desses recursos antes da pandemia. O setor público foi associado a não ministrar aulasa distância e não utilizar esses recursos anteriormente. As instituições públicas apresentaram maior grau de dificuldade no uso e acesso às tecnologias para atividades on-line por professores e estudantes, bem como menor grau de preparo em relação aos protocolos de biossegurança para a retomada das atividades clínicas. Foram identificados impactos em diferentes dimensões da formação odontológica relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de atividades práticas e ao estabelecimento de novos protocolos de biossegurança. Quase todos os cursos privados não suspenderam as atividades ou o fizeram por menos de um mês e retomaram as atividades clínicas ou laboratoriais em algum momento do período pesquisado, enquanto as instituições públicas necessitaram em média de 5 meses para tal reorganização. A pandemia COVID-19 aumentou substancialmente o uso de recursosdigitaisna educação odontológica brasileira. Existem limitações financeiras do setor público para adaptar a infraestrutura aos requisitos dos atuais protocolos de biossegurança. Em geral, os estudantesestão recebendo apoio da instituição e os coordenadores identificaram impactos negativos em diferentes dimensões do ensino odontológico, notadamente no estabelecimento de novos protocolos de biossegurança, adequação da estrutura física e processo de ensino-aprendizagem (AU).

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among patients with diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2.

BACKGROUND: Patients with diabetes mellitus have been associated with a number of changes in the oral cavity, such as gingivitis, periodontitis, mucosal diseases, salivary dysfunction, altered taste, and burning mouth. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study between August and October 2012 with a convenience sampling was performed for 51 patients with diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2). The study consisted of two phases: 1) a questionnaire application; 2) intraoral clinical examination. For the analysis of data, we used descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test in bivariate analysis (significance level of 0.05), and Poisson Regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of oral lesions was 78.4%. Traumatic ulcers (16.4%) and actinic cheilitis (12.7%) were the most prevalent lesions. The lips (35.3%) and tongue (23.5%) were the most common location. The bivariate analysis showed an association with the type of diabetes, and two variables (age and comorbidity) were quite close to the significance level. In the Poisson Regression analysis, only diabetes type 2 remained significant after adjusting the model. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show a high prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in diabetic patients. The oral mucosal lesions are mostly associated with diabetes type 2.

Escala de atitudes relacionadas às competências odontológicas: desenvolvimento e validação / Scale of attitudes related to dental competencies: development and validation

O objetivo do presente estudo foi desenvolver e realizar a validação de conteúdo e de face de uma escala de atitudes relacionadas às competências odontológicas (EA-CO). Tratou-se de estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico envolvendo construção e validação de uma escala, com abordagem quanti e qualitativa.O referencial teórico para o construto da escala envolveu o conceito de atitude no campo da Psicologia Social, e o de competência, no campo da Educação, qualificada pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para os cursos deOdontologia,originando os indicadores: Empatia na relação profissional-paciente, Aprendizagem ao longo da vida, Disponibilidade para aprendizagem interprofissional, Proteção aos direitos do paciente, Responsabilidade social e Inteligênciaemocional. Dez especialistas participaram da validação de face da matriz de indicadores (Técnica do Grupo Nominal) e dos itens (Questionário) e a versão preliminar foi testada empiloto com17 estudantes de Odontologia. Houve consenso para permanência dosindicadores, exceto para Inteligência emocional. A escala (tipo Likert, 5 pontos) resultou em 53 itens,sendo 13 alterados da versão original.A EA-CO foi desenvolvida e atendeu aos critérios de validação de conteúdo e de face utilizados no estudo (AU).

This study aimed to develop and validate the content and face of a scale of attitudes related to dental competencies (SA-DC).It was a methodological development study involving the design and validation of a scale, using a quantitative and qualitative approach.The theoretical framework for the construct of the scale involved the concept of attitude in the field of Social Psychology and that of competence in the field of Education, qualified by the National CurriculumGuidelines for Dentistry Programs, thus providing the following indicators: Empathy in the professional-patient relationship, Lifelong learning, Readiness for interprofessional education, Protection of patients' rights, Social responsibility and Emotional intelligence.Ten experts participated in the face validation of the matrix of indicators (Nominal Group Technique) and of the items (Questionnaire), and the preliminary version was pilot tested with 17 undergraduate dentistry students.There was consensus on the permanence of the indicators, except for Emotional Intelligence.The scale (5-point Likert type) resulted in 53 items,13 of which were modified from the original version.SA-DC was developed and met the content and face validation criteria used in the study (AU).

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antifungal Potential of an Extract From the Leaves of Guapira Graciliflora Mart. Against Oral Microorganisms of Dental Interest

Abstract Objective: To perform an in vitro analysis of antibacterial and antifungal potential of an alcoholic extract from the leaves of Guapira Graciliflora Mart. against oral microorganisms and determine its chemical composition. Material and Methods: A hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves form G. graciliflora was obtained through maceration, vacuum concentration and freeze-drying. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Streptococcus mitis and strains of Candida albicans using broth microdilution method. Phytochemical analysis determined the total phenolic compounds, protein concentration and total of sugars present in the extract. Results: G. Graciliflora demonstrated antifungal activity against the LM 11 and LM 410 clinical isolates of C. albicans (MIC 0.5 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL, respectively). The other microorganisms tested were resistant to the extract. The phytochemical analysis revealed 3% proteins, 13% total sugars and 17% phenolic compounds. Conclusion: G. Graciliflora has antifungal activity against clinical strains of C. albicans and exhibits proteins, sugars and phenolic compounds in its chemical composition.

Avaliação de matrizes curriculares frente às DCN para os cursos de graduação em Odontologia / Evaluation of curriculum norms according to the National Curriculum Guidelines for graduate studies in Dentistry

O termo currículo refere-se ao percurso seguido pelo estudante em uma instituição de ensino superior desde o momento em que inicia seu processo de formação profissional até a graduação. As Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) para os cursos de graduação em Odontologia, instituídas pela Resolução CNE/CES 3, de 19 de fevereiro de 2002, definem os princípios, fundamentos, condições e procedimentos da formação de cirurgiões-dentistas, primando pela formação de um profissional integral. As Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) têm em mãos o desafio de construir projetos pedagógicos que operacionalizem esse conceito, de modo a atender as demandas da sociedade. Neste contexto, este estudo de abordagem qualitativa e exploratória objetivou analisar criticamente as matrizes curriculares de dois cursos de Odontologia, pertencentes a IES localizadas em regiões distintas do país. A metodologia utilizada considerou um modelo lógico para avaliação da formação do cirurgião-dentista com base nas DCN, proposto por Pessoa e Noro. Foram analisadas as dimensões referentes à integração entre os ciclos básico e profissionalizante, ao desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades desejáveis, a formação profissional, além do desenvolvimento do estágio curricular e atividades complementares. Foi verificado que as duas estruturas curriculares estão em consonância com os ideais preconizados pelas DCN, apesar de conterem pontos que não fortalecem a formação profissional do egresso. Observou-se que ambas as matrizes apresentam potencialidades e fragilidades, que inspiram discussões (AU).

The term "curriculum" refers to the program followed by students in an institution of higher learning from the moment they begin their course of professional training until graduation. The National Curricular Guidelines (NCG) for undergraduate studies in dentistry, instituted by Resolution CNE/CES 3, February 19, 2002, define the principles, basis, conditions and procedures for the training of fulltime professional dental surgeons. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) face the challenge of designing pedagogical projects that implement these concepts in order to meet the demands of society. In this context, the objective of this qualitative and exploratory study was to critically analyze the curricular matrices of two dentistry programs from HEIs located in distinct regions of Brazil. A logical model based on national curriculum guidelines (NCG) proposed by Pessoa and Noro was used to evaluate the formation of dental surgeons. This study analyzed the integration between basic and professional activities, the development of desirable competencies and abilities, and professional development beyond residency and complementary activities. It verified that the curriculum structures of the two institutions are in agreement with the ideals advocated by the NCG, in spite of containing aspects which do not strengthen the profession formation of graduates. It was observed that both models have strengths and weaknesses, which should elicit further discussions (AU).

Aggressive multilocular osteoblastoma in the mandible: a rare and difficult case to diagnose.

Osteoblastoma is a benign neoplasia and is uncommon in the jaws. In some cases, this lesion presents extremely aggressive local characteristics and is termed aggressive osteoblastoma. Because the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic characteristics are similar to those of a variety of benign and malignant tumors, it poses a diagnostic dilemma. This report presents a case of an aggressive osteoblastoma in the mandible and discusses the differential diagnosis of this lesion. A 13-year-old white male sought the Stomatology Clinic at the State University of Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil, complaining of asymptomatic swelling on the left side of his face. Cone-beam computerized tomography showed a multilocular, hypodense bone lesion, located in the body of the left mandible and lower third of the ascending ramus. The initial diagnostic hypothesis was juvenile ossifying fibroma or osteosarcoma. After histopathologic examination, the final diagnosis was aggressive osteoblastoma. Surgical resection with a safety margin was performed. There was no evidence of recurrence after a follow-up period of 4 years.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma mimicking an oroantral fistula: a case report.

Introduction Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most frequent malignant salivary gland tumors, which commonly affects the minor salivary glands of the mouth and is rare in the nose and paranasal sinuses. In the maxillary sinus, ACC can mimic inflammatory diseases and has a poor prognosis. Objective To report a case of a 50-year-old man with ACC of the maxillary sinus whose clinical findings in the alveolar ridge mimicked an oroantral fistula. Case Report An excisional biopsy was performed and histopathologic analysis revealed ACC. Lung metastases and residual tumor in the maxillary sinus were detected by imaging methods. In view of the poor general health of the patient, no new surgical intervention was performed and he was only treated by radiotherapy and follow-up. Conclusion Although rare in the maxillary sinus, ACC should be included in the differential diagnosis of lesions affecting this site.

Clinical and histopathological study of actinic cheilitis / Estudo clínico e histopatológico das queilites actínicas

Abstract Introduction Actinic cheilitis is a inflammatory condition affecting mainly the lower lip and it is caused by chronic and excessive exposure of the lips to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. Objective Identifying clinical and histopathologic characteristics in 40 cases histopathologically diagnosed as actinic cheilitis. In addition, to investigate possible associations between these aspects. Method Defined as an observational, transversal, retrospective and descriptive study, it registered data regarding age, gender, occupation, symptomatology, records of sun exposure, frequency of sunblock use, tabagism, skin color, clinical aspect and histopathological classification. The data was submitted to the chi square test of Pearson (p<0.05). Result There was a predominance of male gender, leucodermia, and ages ranging between 50 and 60 years. The most common occupation was farming. From our sample, 85% had history of chronic sun exposure, in which 50% reported the use of some type of sunblock and only 25% were smokers. The main clinical condition was non-ulcerated leukoplakia and in the histopathological study, the hyperkeratosis were more common. A correlation between the degree of tissue alteration verified in the histopathological diagnosis and the studied clinical variables was not established (p=0.112). Conclusion The clinical aspect of the wound can conceal tissue alterations in different stages, emphasizing the importance of a premature diagnosis.

Resumo Introdução A queilite actínica e uma condição de natureza inflamatória que acomete o lábio inferior, e é causada pela exposição prolongada e crônica dos lábios à radiação ultravioleta proveniente dos raios solares. Objetivo Identificar as características clínicas e histopatológicas em uma série de 40 casos diagnosticados histopatologicamente como queilite actínica. Além disso, investigar possíveis associações entre estes aspectos. Método Caracterizado como um estudo observacional, transversal, retrospectivo e descritivo. Foram registrados dados a respeito da idade, gênero, ocupação, sintomatologia, histórico de exposição ao sol, uso de proteção solar, tabagismo, cor da pele, aspecto clínico e classificação histopatológica. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Qui-Quadrado de Pearson (p<0,05). Resultado Houve uma prevalência do gênero masculino, leucodermas, com faixa etária entre 50 e 60 anos e a ocupação mais presente foi a de agricultor. Da amostra, 85% apresentou histórico de exposição crônica ao sol, onde 50% relatou uso de algum tipo de proteção solar e apenas 25% era tabagista. A principal apresentação clínica foi leucoplasia não ulcerada, e no estudo histopatológico as hiperceratoses foram as mais presentes. Não foi possível correlacionar o grau de alteração tecidual verificada no diagnóstico histopatológico com as variáveis clínicas estudadas (p=0,112). Conclusão Não foi possível correlacionar o grau de alteração tecidual verificada no diagnóstico histopatológico com os aspectos clínicos observados. O aspecto clínico da lesão pode mascarar alterações teciduais em diversos estágios, o que enaltece a importância do diagnóstico precoce.

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst associated with multinucleated giant cell reaction: report of unusual findings / Cisto odontogênico ortoceratinizado associado à reação de células gigantes multinucleadas: relato de achados incomuns

ABSTRACT Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts are developmental odontogenic cysts, presenting with low frequency, low rate of recurrence and their ethiopathogenesis is unknown. Radiographically, they show a radiolucent area in the mandibular posterior region. The aim of this report is to describe an unusual case of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts, radiographically exhibiting radiopaque areas with an aspect of calcifications in the lesion. Based on this, the clinical hypothesis of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma was suggested. After incisional biopsy and microscopic analysis, the conclusive diagnosis was orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts. The radiopaque foci were observed to be associated with a foreign body reaction. The patient was submitted to surgery under local anesthesia, with intraoral access for complete excision of the lesion and to re-establish esthetics. After follow-up of 24 months there were no signs of recurrence. Knowledge of this type of reaction is important because of the risk that the lesion may mimic a potentially more aggressive lesion, affecting the choice of treatment.

RESUMO Os cistos odontogênicos ortoceratinizados são cistos de desenvolvimento de origem odontogênica, de baixa frequência, etiopatogenia desconhecida e baixa taxa de recorrência. Radiograficamente, apresenta-se como uma área radiolúcida em região posterior de mandíbula. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever um caso não usual de cistos odontogênicos ortoceratinizados, que exibia, radiograficamente, focos radiopacos semelhantes à calcificações, no interior da lesão, sugerindo diagnóstico clínico de fibro-odontoma ameloblástico. Após a biópsia incisional e análise microscópica, o diagnóstico conclusivo foi de cistos odontogênicos ortoceratinizados. Observou-se que os focos radiopacos estavam associados, microscopicamente, a presença de uma reação de células gigantes multinucleadas por corpo estranho. O paciente foi tratado cirurgicamente, sob anestesia local, com acesso intrabucal para remoção total da lesão, com o restabelecimento da estética e sem sinais de recidiva após 24 meses. A importância do conhecimento deste tipo de reação dar-se pelo risco de mimetizar uma lesão potencialmente mais agressiva, direcionando a escolha do tratamento da lesão.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of CD25+ cell expression in the progression of periodontal disease.

It was assessed the immunohistochemical profile of CD25+ cells in cases of chronic gingivitis (CG) and chronic periodontitis (CP). Immunohistochemistry was carried out using streptoavidin-biotin complex and anti-CD25 antibody in 17 cases of CG and 25 cases of CP. Sixteen cases (94.1%) of CG were immunopositive. CD25 was focally expressed in 50% of the sample and diffusely expressed in 25%. The stained cells were localized not only beneath the epithelium, but also far from it. In relation to the cellular density quantification of CD25+ cells, score ++ was the most common. Concerning CP, all cases were immunopositive. CD25+ cells were expressed in focal or diffuse pattern either close or far from the epithelium. Diffuse distribution of positive cells throughout the connective tissue was seen in 60% of the cases and 32% showed focal or diffuse cellular pattern. Sixteen cases (64%) received score +++. It was identified that CD25+ cells are present in either a focal or a diffuse pattern in connective tissue. Significant differences in the density of cellular immunostaining between CG and CP were found. The greatest density was observed in CP cases, which suggests that the infiltrate of lymphocytes show a higher degree of cellular activation in periodontitis compared with gingivitis.