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1.
J Cancer Educ ; 37(2): 319-327, 2022 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32821988

RESUMO

Early diagnosis of oral cancer results in less aggressive treatment and improves the quality of life and overall 5-year survival rate. Well-trained dental professionals can play a crucial role in the early detection of oral cancers. The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of the training program "OralDETECT", a spaced repetitive, test-enhanced learning tool with a corrective feedback mechanism for early detection of oral cancer. Thirty-two dentists and 259 dental students from three Malaysian dental schools were involved in this study. All participants were trained and calibrated to recognize oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral cancer using "OralDETECT", which is comprised of a series of pre-test, lecture, post-tests and review sessions. The percentage of correct answers (scores) for each test given by the participants was calculated and analysed using a paired t test. It was found that the overall percentage of diagnostic accuracy for both dental professionals and student groups increased to above 80% from the pre-tests to the final post-tests. There was a significant improvement in overall scores between the pre-tests and all three post-tests for the dental professional groups and the student groups. The diagnostic accuracy for individual OPMD and lesions suspicious of oral cancer also increased to above 80% for both groups. The results of our study demonstrate that the "OralDETECT" is an efficient and effective competency tool which can be used to train dental professionals and students for the early detection of OPMD and oral cancer.


Assuntos
Doenças da Boca , Neoplasias Bucais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Retroalimentação , Humanos , Neoplasias Bucais/diagnóstico , Qualidade de Vida
2.
J Craniofac Surg ; 27(5): 1361-6, 2016 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27391504

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features and expression of bcl-2, cyclin D1, p53, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies in syndromic (nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome [NBCCS]) and nonsyndromic patients diagnosed with keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT). METHODS: This descriptive study comprised 5 patients of KCOT associated with NBCCS and 8 patients of nonsyndromic type treated in the Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre between years 1998 and 2011. The clinical features (site, size, treatment, and recurrence), demographic characteristics, and immunohistochemistry results using antibodies of bcl-2, cyclin D1, p53, and PCNA were examined. The association of the antibody expression and the type of KCOT was analyzed using Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Altogether there were 13 patients, 5 with syndromic KCOT (1 patient met 3 major criteria of NBCCS) and 8 with sporadic KCOT. The age range for syndromic KCT was 11 to 21 years (mean 16.00 years, SD 4.36) and 10 to 54 years (median 24.50 years, interquartile range 19.00) for the nonsyndromic KCOT. Tumor recurrence occurred in 3 patients (7.7%); 1 patient from the syndromic and 2 patients from the nonsyndromic. The most positive expression was observed in PCNA for both the syndromic and nonsyndromic samples and the least positive expression involved the p53. CONCLUSION: PCNA, bcl-2 protein, and cyclin D1 expressions could be useful in evaluating the proliferative activity of the tumor and the aggressiveness of the clinical presentation; however, the authors would propose for larger sample size research for more definitive results.


Assuntos
Ciclina D1/genética , DNA de Neoplasias/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Tumores Odontogênicos/genética , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Ciclina D1/biossíntese , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Odontogênicos/diagnóstico , Tumores Odontogênicos/metabolismo , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/biossíntese , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/biossíntese , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/biossíntese , Adulto Jovem
3.
Antibiotics (Basel) ; 11(8)2022 Aug 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36009936

RESUMO

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and osteoradionecrosis (ORN) are two similar bone pathologies in the jaw with different aetiologies. Actinomycosis is a relatively rare oral infection caused by the Gram-positive anaerobe Actinomyces sp. that normally colonizes the oral cavity. Actinomycosis is associated with the pathogenesis of both the MRONJ and ORN, as evident in our cases, and not just as a superficial contaminant. The clinical and histopathological aspects of the cases treated in our centre were also reported with a review of the literature. Clinical implication on the treatment of the cases was highlighted in view of the presence of this microorganism.

4.
Front Pharmacol ; 13: 847702, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35903322

RESUMO

Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory process involving the periodontium, which is mainly caused by the invasion of periodontopathogenic microorganisms that results in gingival connective tissue and alveolar bone destruction. Metabolic products of the oral pathogens and the associated host immune and inflammatory responses triggered are responsible for the local tissue destruction. Numerous studies in the past decades have demonstrated that natural polyphenols are capable of modulating the host inflammatory responses by targeting multiple inflammatory components. The proposed mechanism by which polyphenolic compounds exert their great potential is by regulating the immune cell, proinflammatory cytokines synthesis and gene expression. However, due to its low absorption and bioavailability, the beneficial effects of these substances are very limited and it hampers their use as a therapeutic agent. To address these limitations, targeted delivery systems by nanoencapsulation techniques have been explored in recent years. Nanoencapsulation of polyphenolic compounds with different carriers is an efficient and promising approach to boost their bioavailability, increase the efficiency and reduce the degradability of natural polyphenols. In this review, we focus on the effects of different polyphenolic substances in periodontal inflammation and to explore the pharmaceutical significance of polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles in controlling periodontitis, which may be useful for further enhancement of their efficacy as therapeutic agents for periodontal disease.

5.
Singapore Dent J ; 29(1): 41-5, 2007 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18472529

RESUMO

Obstruction remains as an important cause of failure in the eruption of a tooth. In this article, a 15-year-old girl was presented with retained upper left primary canine (63) and first primary molar (64), while the contralateral permanent canine (13) and premolars (14 and 15) have erupted. Upon radiographic examination, a mass which was diagnosed later to be compound odontome was detected. The treatment consisted of surgical removal of the odontome, extraction of the primary canine (63) and left permanent canine (23), and transplantation of the permanent canine (23). The management of this case and the literature related to autotransplantation are discussed.


Assuntos
Dente Canino/transplante , Maxila/cirurgia , Anormalidades Dentárias/cirurgia , Adolescente , Dente Canino/cirurgia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Dente Decíduo/cirurgia , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Transplante Autólogo
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