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1.
Sensors (Basel) ; 22(22)2022 Nov 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36433573

RESUMO

The objective of the proposed human-machine cooperation (HMC) workstation is to both rapidly detect calcium-based fish bones in masses of minced fish floss and visually guide operators in approaching and removing the detected fish bones by hand based on the detection of fingernails or plastic-based gloves. Because vibration is a separation mechanism that can prevent absorption or scattering in thick fish floss for UV fluorescence detection, the design of the HMC workstation included a vibration unit together with an optical box and display screens. The system was tested with commonly used fish (swordfish, salmon, tuna, and cod) representing various cooking conditions (raw meat, steam-cooked meat, and fish floss), their bones, and contaminating materials such as derived from gloves made of various types of plastic (polyvinylchloride, emulsion, and rubber) commonly used in the removal of fish bones. These aspects were each investigated using the spectrum analyzer and the optical box to obtain and analyze the fluorescence spectra and images. The filter was mounted on a charge-coupled device, and its transmission-wavelength window was based on the characteristic band for fish bones observed in the spectra. Gray-level AI algorithm was utilized to generate white marker rectangles. The vibration unit supports two mechanisms of air and downstream separation to improve the imaging screening of fish bones inside the considerable flow of fish floss. Notably, under 310 nm ultraviolet B (UVB) excitation, the fluorescence peaks of the raw fillets, steam-cooked meat, and fish floss were observed at for bands at longer wavelengths (500-600 nm), whereas those of the calcium and plastic materials occurred in shorter wavelength bands (400-500 nm). Perfect accuracy of 100% was achieved with the detection of 20 fish bones in 2 kg of fish floss, and the long test time of around 10-12 min results from the manual removal of these fish bones.


Assuntos
Cálcio , Vibração , Animais , Humanos , Fluorescência , Vapor , Peixes , Tecnologia , Plásticos
2.
Environ Sci Technol ; 47(8): 3708-14, 2013 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23528200

RESUMO

To further unravel the organic fouling behavior of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, the adhesion forces of membrane-foulant and foulant-foulant were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in conjunction with self-made PVDF colloidal probe and foulant-coated colloidal probe, respectively. Fouling experiments with bovine serum albumin, sodium alginate, humic acid, and secondary wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) were carried out with PVDF UF membrane. Results showed a positive correlation between the membrane-foulant adhesion force and the flux decline rate and extent in the initial filtration stage, whereas the foulant-foulant interaction force was closely related to the pseudostable flux and the cake layer structure in the later filtration stage. For each type of foulant used, the membrane-foulant adhesion force was much stronger than the foulant-foulant interaction force, and membrane flux decline mainly occurred in the earlier filtration stage indicating that elimination of the membrane-foulant interaction force is important for the control of membrane fouling. Upon considering the foulant-foulant interaction force and the membrane flux recovery rate of fouled membranes, it was evident that the main contributor to physically irreversible fouling is the foulant-foulant interaction force.


Assuntos
Incrustação Biológica , Membranas Artificiais , Compostos Orgânicos/análise , Fenômenos Físicos , Polivinil/química , Ultrafiltração , Adesividade , Alginatos/análise , Animais , Bovinos , Coloides/química , Ácido Glucurônico/análise , Ácidos Hexurônicos/análise , Substâncias Húmicas/análise , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Soroalbumina Bovina/análise
3.
Biosensors (Basel) ; 11(10)2021 Sep 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34677319

RESUMO

Infections of orchids by the Odontoglossum ringspot virus or Cymbidium mosaic virus cause orchid disfiguration and are a substantial source of economic loss for orchid farms. Although immunoassays can identify these infections, immunoassays are expensive, time consuming, and labor consuming and limited to sampling-based testing methods. This study proposes a noncontact inspection platform that uses a spectrometer and Android smartphone. When orchid leaves are illuminated with a handheld optical probe, the Android app based on the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence can display the measured florescence spectrum and determine the infection status within 3 s by using an algorithm hosted on a remote server. The algorithm was trained on optical data and the results of polymerase chain reaction assays. The testing accuracy of the algorithm was 89%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 91%; thus, the platform with the algorithm was accurate and convenient for infection screening in orchids.


Assuntos
Orchidaceae , Smartphone , Inteligência Artificial , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Potexvirus , Tobamovirus
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