RESUMO
In patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), the effects of baseline characteristics, virological profiles, and therapeutic outcome to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (PR) therapy on autoimmune diseases are unknown. Taiwanese Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort is a nationwide hepatitis C virus registry cohort comprising 23 hospitals of Taiwan. A total of 12,770 CHC patients receiving PR therapy for at least 4 weeks between January 2003 and December 2015 were enrolled and their data were linked to the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for studying the development of 10 autoimmune diseases. The mean follow-up duration was 5.3 ± 2.9 years with a total of 67,930 person-years, and the annual incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was 0.03%. Other autoimmune diseases were not assessable due to few events. Body mass index ≥24 kg/m2 was an independent predictor of the low incidence of SLE or RA (hazard ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.17-0.93, p = 0.034). A sustained virological response (SVR) to PR therapy was not associated with the low incidence of SLE or RA in any subgroup analysis. CHC patients achieving SVR to PR therapy did not exhibit an impact on the incidence of SLE or RA compared with non-SVR patients.
Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/etiologia , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/etiologia , Adulto , Antivirais/farmacologia , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos de Coortes , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Feminino , Hepatite C/complicações , Hepatite C/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite C Crônica/complicações , Humanos , Incidência , Interferon-alfa/farmacologia , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polietilenoglicóis/farmacologia , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Ribavirina/farmacologia , Resposta Viral Sustentada , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Carga Viral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The entry of herpes simplex virus (HSV) into an oral epithelial cell line, primary normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK) and gingival fibroblasts (GF) was examined. Infection of these cells by HSV-1 and HSV-2 was blocked by heparin. Further examination indicated that heparin reduced viral attachment but not penetration. Moreover, neomycin inhibited HSV-1 infection more effectively than HSV-2 infection in GF, but not in NHOK. In conclusion, our results elucidated some aspects of the HSV entry process into oral cells and revealed some differences in HSV entering into NHOK and GF.