Association between the interleukin-1ß C-511T polymorphism and periodontitis: a meta-analysis in the Chinese population.

The association between the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) C-511T (or rs16944) polymorphism and periodontitis remains inconclusive, even though there have been previous studies on this association. To assess the effects of IL-1ß C-511T variants on the risk of development of periodontitis, a meta-analysis was performed in a single ethnic population. Studies, published up to December 2015, were selected for the meta-analysis from PubMed and Chinese databases. The associations were assessed with pooled OR and 95%CI. This meta-analysis identified 8 studies, including 1276 periodontitis cases and 1558 controls. Overall, a significant association between the IL-1ß C-511T polymorphism and periodontitis was found in the Chinese population (TT vs CC: OR = 1.48, 95%CI = 1.19-1.85; TT + CT vs CC: OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.25-1.81; T vs C: OR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.06-1.68). In the subgroup analyses based on geographical area(s), source of controls, and type of periodontitis, significant results were obtained for the association between IL-1ß C-511T variants and periodontitis. Our meta-analysis indicated that the IL-1ß C-511T polymorphism may be a genetic susceptibility factor for periodontitis in the Chinese population. This marker could be used to identify Chinese individuals at a high risk for periodontitis.

[Expression of secreted frizzled-related protein-1 in patient with oral submucous fibrosis].

Objective: To investigate the concentrations and clinical significance of secreted frizzled-related protein-1(SFRP1) insaliva and gingival crevicular fluid of patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) as well as the expression of SFRP1 in patients' OSF buccal mucosa. Methods: Twenty OSF patients aged 20 to 40 years old were recruited and randomly divided into two experimental groups, of which were triamcinolone acetonide group and combined triamcinolone acetonide and salvia miltiorrhiza group, respectively. Ten healthy volunteers matchable in sex and age with the patients were recruited as control group. Concentrations of SFRP1 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after a continuous treatment of 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale(VAS) pain scores and opening size were also recorded. The expression of SFRP1 in samples from OSF patients' buccal mucosa was also detected using immunohistochemical method. SPSS 16.0 was applied to analyze the results of the experiments. Results: The concentrations of SFRP1 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid before treatment were (105.8±27.6) ng/L and (84.7±33.2) ng/L in triamcinolone acetonide group, and (86.6±23.2) ng/L and (97.0±23.2) ng/L in combining group, which were both significantly lower(P<0.01) than that in normal group([153.0±32.8] ng/L and [157.5±31.1] ng/L), respectively. The positive expression rate of SFRP1 in OSF group(10%[2/20]) was significantly lower than that of the control group(10/10)(P<0.01). After the treatment for 4 weeks, the concentrations of SFRP1 increased to (141.2±35.3) ng/L and (130.6±31.3) ng/L in triamcinolone acetonide group, and to (148.5±65.9) ng/L and (123.0±27.4) ng/L in combining group, which were both significantly higher than those of pre-treatment, respectively(P<0.01). Conclusions: The concentrations of SFRP1 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid of OSF patients, which positively corelated to the expression of SFRP1 in OSF patients' buccal mucosa, were significantly lower than that of normal individuals and increased significantly after treatments of local injections of triamcinolone acetonide only or combined with salvia miltiorrhiza.

The effect of delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol on the uptake of [3H]-(minus)-noradrenaline by the isolated perfused heart of the rat.

Forty-eight isolated rat hearts were perfused with Krebs solution and with [(3)H]-(-)-noradrenaline ([(3)H]-NA) containing 4.5 nCi/ml in 50 ng/ml, as described by Iversen (1963). To groups of six, cocaine was added to [(3)H]-NA in concentrations of 400 nM, 2 and 10 muM. To the rest Tween 80, 25 mug/ml was added to [(3)H]-NA and in three groups Delta(1)-THC additionally in concentrations of 560 nM and 2.8 or 14 muM. Cocaine caused a linear concentration-related inhibition of uptake; Tween caused a 38.7% inhibition; THC caused additionally a linear concentration-related inhibition.

Tolerance to the effects of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol on the pressor responses to noradrenaline in rats.

1. The depressor response, but not the cardiac slowing response, to the acute intravenous administration of delta 1-THC (1 mg/kg) was significantly reduced in urethane anaesthetized rats, which had been treated with daily injections of delta 1-THC (2 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 days (P less than 0.01). 2. No significant differences in either the depressor or the negative chronotropic effects of an acute intravenous injection of delta 1-THC (1 mg/kg) were observed in anaesthetized rats which had been treated with PVP (8 mg/kg per day, i.p.) for 10 days. 3. The depressor and cardiac slowing responses to an acute intravenous dose of delta 1-THC (1 mg/kg) were not significantly different between delta 1-THC- and PVP-treated animals which had been pithed. 4. The potentiating effects of delta 1-THC on the pressor responses to intravenously administered noradrenaline were significantly reduced (P less than 0.001) in urethane anaesthetized rats which had been treated with delta 1-THC, but not in anaesthetized PVP-treated animals. 5. Tolerance to the potentiating effect of delta 1-THC on the responses to noradrenaline has also been demonstrated in anaesthetized delta 1-THC-treated rats, but not in pithed delta 1-THC treated ones. 6. It is concluded that the development of tolerance to the depressor action of delta 1-THC, and its potentiating effect on the noradrenaline pressor responses requires the presence of an intact central nervous system.

Effects of delta 1- and delta 6-tetrahydrocannabinol on the adenylate cyclase activity in ventricular tissue of the rat heart.

Adrenaline 1 micrograms markedly elevated the activity of adenylate cyclase in ventricular tissue of rat hearts. delta 1-THC 25, 50 and 100 micrograms significantly reduced the adenylate cyclase activity with the maximum effect observed with the dose of 25 micrograms. Doses below or above this range did not produce any significant effect on the enzyme activity. Neither delta 6-THC 25 and 100 micrograms nor PVP 400 micrograms had any significant action on adenylate cyclase. The delta 1-THC-induced lowering of the cyclic AMP concentration in ventricular tissue of rat hearts can be explained, at least partly, by its ability to reduce the activity of adenylate cyclase in these tissues. It is suggested that this enzyme inhibition underlies the cardiac depressant action of delta 1-THC.