RESUMO
On December 3, 2014, a type O foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak began in Korea. Although vaccinations were administered, FMD cases increased steadily for five months, and reached 185 cases by April 2015. Most of the affected animals were pigs, which are vulnerable to vaccination. The FMD virus belonged to the South-East Asia (SEA) topotype that had been observed three times in Korea between April 2010 and July 2014. However, the FMD virus isolated in December 2014 had a unique feature; that is, partial deletion of the 5´ non-coding region, a deletion not seen in previous SEA topotype isolates identified in Korea. We conclude that this outbreak included the introduction of a new FMD strain to Korea, and that Korea was now affected by genetically similar FMD virus strains that are related to those from neighboring countries.
Assuntos
Vírus da Febre Aftosa , Febre Aftosa/prevenção & controle , Vacinas Virais/uso terapêutico , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/prevenção & controle , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Febre Aftosa/epidemiologia , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/genética , Vírus da Febre Aftosa/imunologia , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/prevenção & controle , Doenças dos Suínos/virologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is the core enzyme in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which catalyzes the production of angiotensin II (Ang II). The aim of this study was to determine whether ACE gene is associated with the development of the periodontal disease. DESIGN: To investigate whether ACE is involved in the development of the periodontal disease, 199 periodontal disease patients and 165 control subjects were studied. The ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). SNPStats and SPSS 18.0 were used for the analysis of genetic data. Logistic regression models were performed to determine odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and P value. RESULTS: Genotypic frequencies of I/I, I/D, and D/D were 25.4%, 42.3%, and 32.3% vs. 35.3%, 41.7%, and 23.1% (periodontal disease group vs. control group), respectively. In the genotype analysis of the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism, codominant and log-additive models both showed significant association with periodontal disease [OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.05-3.61, P=0.036 in the codominant model (I/I vs. D/D); OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.02-1.90, P = 0.034 in the log-additive model (I/I vs. I/D vs. D/D)]. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism may be associated with the susceptibility to the periodontal disease in the Korean population.