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1.
Nat Med ; 2(2): 235-7, 1996 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8574971

RESUMO

Dental caries (decay), the most prevalent of diseases, represents a health problem of immense proportions. It principally affects posterior (back) teeth on occlusal (biting) and approximal (adjacent contacting) surfaces. Caries starts as a subsurface demineralization of enamel, may progress to the underlying dentine and, eventually, to cavitation of the surface. Accurate diagnosis before cavitation would permit targeted preventive treatment, thereby significantly improving dental health and reducing the need for expensive drilling and filling. Inaccessibility of caries initiation sites and recent changes in lesion morphology contribute to the relatively poor accuracy of conventional diagnostic methods. Among alternative techniques, measurements of electrical resistance have shown the most promise. Here we describe a new experimental technique that demonstrates an outstanding 100% correlation between a.c. impedance measurements of whole teeth and the actual extent of approximal caries in vitro. Only relatively minor modifications should be required to transfer the technique to in vivo applications.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Assistência Odontológica , Impedância Elétrica , Humanos
2.
J Dent Res ; 99(8): 898-906, 2020 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32374714

RESUMO

Early exposure to sweet tastes predicts similar food preferences and eating behavior in later life and is associated with childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to explore the associations of early (during the first year of life) and subsequent intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with 4-y caries trajectories among Scottish young children. We used data from 1,111 Scottish children who were followed annually from age 12 to 48 mo (4 sweeps in total). SSB intake was reported by parents in every sweep. SSB intake was broken down into 2 components, the initial SSB intake and the deviation over time from that initial value. Childhood dental caries was clinically determined (including noncavitated and cavitated lesions) every year. The association of SSB intake with baseline decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (dmfs) (intercept) and rate of change in dmfs over time (slope) was examined in 2-level linear mixed-effects models, with repeated observations nested within children. Both the initial SSB intake and the deviation from the initial SSB intake were positively associated with steeper caries trajectories. By sweep 4, the predicted mean dmfs difference was 1.73 between children with low and high initial SSB intake (1 standard deviation below and above the mean) and 1.17 between children with low and high deviation from their initial SSB intake (1 SD below and above the mean). The findings of this prospective study among Scottish young children provide evidence that the introduction of SSBs during the first year of life can put children in a trajectory of high levels of dental caries. They support current recommendations to avoid sugars for very young children and interventions targeting early feeding practices for caries prevention.


Assuntos
Bebidas Adoçadas com Açúcar , Pré-Escolar , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Sacarose Alimentar/efeitos adversos , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos
3.
J Dent Res ; 96(2): 171-178, 2017 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27834298

RESUMO

Evidence for the effects of low birth weight, breastfeeding and maternal smoking on childhood caries is mainly cross-sectional. We examined the association of these 3 putative early life factors with caries increment over a 4-y period among young children. We used data from a 4-y longitudinal caries-risk assessment study carried out among Scottish children. Early life factors were measured when children were aged 1 y (baseline). Caries assessment was repeated annually from ages 1 to 4, and the number of decayed, missing and filled primary tooth surfaces (dmfs) were used as a repeated outcome measure. The associations of low birth weight, breastfeeding and maternal smoking with dmfs at baseline and over time (trajectories) were assessed in linear mixed models. A total of 1,102 children were included in this analysis. Birth weight, breastfeeding and maternal smoking were not associated with dmfs at baseline. However, low birth weight and maternal smoking were associated with the rate of change in dmfs. By wave 4, the predicted mean difference in dmfs was 1.86 between children with low and normal birth weight, and 1.66 between children of smoking and non-smoking mothers. Children with low birth weight and smoking mothers had greater caries increments than those with normal weight and non-smoking mothers, respectively. There was no association between breastfeeding duration and childhood caries, either at baseline or over time.


Assuntos
Peso ao Nascer , Aleitamento Materno , Cárie Dentária/etiologia , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/epidemiologia , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fatores Etários , Pré-Escolar , Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco
4.
J Dent Res ; 83 Spec No C: C48-52, 2004.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15286122

RESUMO

Caries diagnostic methods are usually methods for caries lesion detection and measurement. Caries lesions occur on a continuous scale of tissue damage, from subclinical surface changes to macroscopic cavities reaching the pulp. Any change of a lesion on this continuous scale offers the opportunity for the diagnosis of disease activity or remission. Research aimed at remineralizing agents may focus on lesions that are amenable to remineralization, and select a method that will measure small changes in early lesions. General caries management strategies depend on detecting all stages of lesion development, and methods covering early to late stages are preferred. This paper addresses some methodological issues in validating caries diagnostic methods. The available gold standards for caries lesions are discussed, with their suitability in different applications, and their "validity" as far as it is known or can be inferred. The gold standards are compared as far as their measurement of lesion parameters and reproducibility is concerned. Tentative conclusions are formulated, and recommendations for future research are given.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Testes de Atividade de Cárie Dentária/normas , Diagnóstico Bucal/normas , Diagnóstico Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Desmineralização do Dente/diagnóstico
5.
J Dent Res ; 83 Spec No C: C76-9, 2004.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15286127

RESUMO

This paper reviews the use of electrical measurements of caries, particularly in relation to caries clinical trials. Electrical measurements change as tooth tissue porosity alters in the caries process, but several other variables also have a significant effect on these electrical measurements and hence upon their diagnostic validity. Available electrical-method data, in the context of clinical trials, relate to the use of the Electronic Caries Monitor (ECM), which measures "bulk" resistance. The device is presently limited in scope to occlusal surfaces, and only limited ECM data from clinical trials are available. In the context of clinical trials, more work is needed to determine the potential role of electrical measurements. Such research will need to focus both on an understanding of those electrical parameters which are most valuable in identifying changes and stages in the caries process in individual teeth and also on identifying the extent of the effects of the variables affecting these measurements.


Assuntos
Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Eletrodiagnóstico/métodos , Cárie Dentária/fisiopatologia , Impedância Elétrica , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
6.
J Dent Res ; 79(7): 1464-8, 2000 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11005729

RESUMO

Temperature variations are expected to influence measurement error in electrical resistance of teeth. It was the aim of this study to determine the changes in electrical behavior of extracted human teeth due to temperature changes in the range of room temperature to intra-oral temperature. Nine extracted teeth were selected, and the occlusal or an approximal surface was chosen for measurement. Carious involvement of the surfaces ranged from sound to cavitated. Electrical impedance spectroscopy sweeps in a frequency range of about 100 kHz to 10 Hz were completed at selected temperatures between 22 degrees C and 40 degrees C. After fitting the data to equivalent circuits that yielded parameter values for components of the equivalent circuit, we calculated the dc bulk resistance (Rh). The temperature dependence of Rb of the surfaces with different carious involvement was very similar, and the mean drop of Rb from 20 to 35 degrees C was 45% (SD 2%). It was concluded that the electrical resistance of sound and carious tooth surfaces is inversely related to temperature.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/fisiopatologia , Esmalte Dentário/fisiologia , Esmalte Dentário/fisiopatologia , Permeabilidade do Esmalte Dentário , Dentina/fisiopatologia , Impedância Elétrica , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador , Temperatura
7.
J Dent Res ; 75(11): 1871-8, 1996 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9003234

RESUMO

Caries diagnosis by the measurement of electrical resistance is hampered by polarization effects when dc or single-low-frequency ac currents are used. Electrical impedance spectroscopy, measuring impedance over a large range of frequencies, will provide more detailed information about the electrical characteristics of teeth. It was the aim of this study (a) to characterize the complex impedance behavior of whole extracted teeth, measured at the approximal surface, and (b) to identify parameters of the complex impedance behavior of the teeth which would be useful in distinguishing between degrees of carious involvement. Thirty-nine extracted premolar teeth with 59 unrestored and undamaged (excepting caries) approximal surfaces were selected. The tooth surfaces were divided into three groups according to their macroscopic appearance: sound (group S, n = 16), white- or brown-spot lesion present (group L, n = 33), or cavitated (group C, n = 10). The teeth were inserted into a jig which allowed for counter-electrode contact via a conducting gel. The working electrode consisted of a carbonated fiber material. Electrical impedance measurements were performed over a maximum range of about 1 MHz to 0.1 Hz. We analyzed electrical impedance data by fitting equivalent circuits. Fit was evaluated numerically and visually. The complex impedance spectra divided naturally into three groups which corresponded almost perfectly with the classifications of S,L, and C. The groups differed most in the dc resistance (Rdc), as calculated from the impedance parameters. Mean Rdc for groups S, L, and C were 68 M omega, 5.9 M omega, and 321 k omega, respectively. These means were significantly different from each other (log-transformed data, ANOVA, p < 0.001; Tukey multiple comparisons, p < 0.001). It is concluded that the in vitro performance of electrical impedance spectroscopy in differentiating among sound, non-cavitated carious, and cavitated approximal tooth surfaces is excellent.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Esmalte Dentário/fisiologia , Impedância Elétrica , Análise de Variância , Dente Pré-Molar , Esmalte Dentário/química , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador
8.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol ; 23(1): 55-9, 1995 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7774178

RESUMO

Currently a range of systems and classifications are used by clinicians, epidemiologists and clinical research workers to sub-divide carious lesions into different grades. These systems are based on the depth of the lesion and/or the presence/absence of macroscopic cavitation. In order to improve upon the meaningfulness and comparability of such systems in the light of increasing knowledge about the disease process, lesion behaviour and caries management options, the authors propose a new system of categorisation that differentiates between lesions which normally require operative intervention and those which do not. In future, it is proposed that in addition to existing conventional criteria, diagnostic systems should also allow results to be expressed in terms of 1) lesions for which appropriate non-invasive Preventive Care Is Advised (PCA lesions) and 2) lesions for which Operative Care Is Advised (OCA lesions). Locally acceptable sub-divisions may have to be developed and agreed for certain specific applications. The adoption of this additional nomenclature and approach in the future should aid communications between the different groups involved in caries diagnosis and research. It may facilitate the dissemination of research findings, as well as helping to "drive" researchers working on caries diagnostic methods to focus on techniques which will aid in the accurate assessment of lesion activity and behaviour. Such a focus should also increase our understanding of treatment decision making and promote the development of clinical guidelines. The facility to retain existing criteria in parallel, for local and other purposes, would preserve comparability with data collected previously.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/classificação , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Comunicação , Tomada de Decisões , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Previsões , Humanos , Terminologia como Assunto
9.
J Dent ; 21(4): 234-9, 1993 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8354749

RESUMO

The diagnosis of small lesions in pit and fissure sites is becoming increasingly problematical. This study was designed to evaluate, in vitro, the potential use of a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser technique as an aid to the diagnosis of incipient pit and fissure caries. Vaporization of the organic material in the 'early' carious lesion should lead to its carbonization and thus make it more conspicuous. Pilot studies were carried out to identify lasing parameters which produced no visible effect on sound enamel but which caused charring (carbonization) of white spot fissure lesions. Fifty extracted human molars and premolars were air-polished on the occlusal surfaces and independently scored clinically for caries, both before and after lasing. The teeth were subsequently sectioned and examined histologically. Of the 37 sites histologically scored as sound or exhibiting precavitation lesions, eight were correctly scored as sound both prelasing and postlasing. Of the 29 precavitation lesions detected histologically, five were detected clinically prelasing and 11 were detected postlasing. This 21% difference in the sensitivity of caries diagnosis between the prelasing and postlasing examinations was statistically significant (at the 95% level). There were no false-positive caries diagnoses. Further research, in particular the refining of lasing parameters employed, is indicated.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Lasers , Dióxido de Carbono , Cárie Dentária/patologia , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Fissuras Dentárias/diagnóstico , Fissuras Dentárias/patologia , Humanos , Microtomia , Fotografação , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
10.
J Dent ; 17(6): 272-8, 1989 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2691539

RESUMO

The HPL bitewing device, a new beam-aiming collimating bitewing film holder, has recently been developed. The aims of this study were to assess the practicability of using the new device clinically and to compare the diagnostic yield obtained with the new technique with those obtained using a conventional freehand method and the Rinn XCP instrument. For each of the three techniques a pair of bitewings was taken of 30 randomly selected patients aged 6-15 years. These bitewings were evaluated for technical errors using seven different criteria, including the number and severity of overlapping contacts. The results show that the HPL method produced the greatest number of unoverlapped surfaces and the smallest proportion of moderate and severe overlaps. For five of the seven criteria, the HPL method produced fewer technical errors than the other two methods. Assessment of the acceptability of the procedures to the children revealed few differences between the three radiographic techniques. Further studies of the new technique, involving larger numbers of patients and sequential radiographs, are indicated.


Assuntos
Radiografia Dentária/instrumentação , Adolescente , Criança , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Humanos , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Radiografia Dentária/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Filme para Raios X
11.
J Dent ; 27(7): 497-502, 1999 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10507205

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study had two aims, first, to quantify the level of the use of magnification in general dental practice in Scotland and second, to determine the current and potential areas of clinical use of magnification by general dental practitioners. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent to all general dental practitioners in Scotland with a Health Board list number (n = 1790). The questionnaire asked the practitioners about their experience of magnification and their opinions on possible areas for clinical use. An information sheet and a prepaid envelope were included with the questionnaire. RESULTS: One thousand two hundred and eighty (72%) of the dentists replied to the questionnaire. Nine percent of the respondents routinely used magnification. The level of routine use of magnification by practitioners increased with time since qualification. The suggested areas of clinical use of magnification by all the respondents were crown and bridge work, diagnosis and radiography. The routine users of magnification had a more positive view of magnification than non-users. CONCLUSIONS: Routine use of magnification was associated with the length of time the practitioner had been qualified and the attendance at a course at which magnification was discussed. The perceived uses of magnification depended on the experience of the practitioner with magnification. It was considered suitable for all clinical procedures except orthodontics and prosthodontics.


Assuntos
Odontólogos , Lentes , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Coroas , Prótese Parcial , Diagnóstico Bucal , Óculos , Odontologia Geral , Humanos , Lentes/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiografia Dentária , Tratamento do Canal Radicular , Escócia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo
12.
J Dent ; 18(1): 31-6, 1990 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2312887

RESUMO

An investigation is described that attempts to establish, in vitro, the characteristics of heat transference following laser irradiation of bovine dentinal tissue and the relationship with the periodicity of radiation. The results of this study appear to indicate that at depths of overlying dentine of up to 3 mm, laser-induced thermal injury to the pulp is a definite possibility. Fail-safe facilities to prevent build up of heat must be incorporated into the design of dental lasers to allow their beneficial effects to be utilized without the risk of iatrogenic damage.


Assuntos
Polpa Dentária/lesões , Dentina/efeitos da radiação , Lasers/efeitos adversos , Animais , Bovinos , Polpa Dentária/efeitos da radiação , Relação Dose-Resposta à Radiação , Temperatura Alta
13.
J Dent ; 18(1): 24-30, 1990 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2107231

RESUMO

From the many types of laser that are available commercially, the CO2 laser is presently thought to have the greatest potential for use in dentistry. An outline of the generation of emitted radiation from such a laser is given together with a review of work previously carried out and reported in the literature regarding application to the teeth. The main points of interest are the effects of radiation on the enamel and dentine, but concern is felt towards the possible iatrogenic damage of thermal origin that may occur within the pulp following irradiation of the dental tissues.


Assuntos
Esmalte Dentário/efeitos da radiação , Polpa Dentária/lesões , Dentina/efeitos da radiação , Terapia a Laser/efeitos adversos , Dióxido de Carbono , Polpa Dentária/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Doença Iatrogênica
14.
J Dent ; 28(5): 307-12, 2000 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10785295

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the frequency of isolation of mutans streptococci, (Streptococcus mutans, Steptococcus sobrinus), lactobacilli and yeasts (caries-associated micro-organisms) in the saliva of 1-year-old infants with and without dental caries; and (2) to determine if socio-economic background influenced the frequency isolation of bacteria and caries status. METHODS: 1393 1-year-old consented infants, who comprised 70. 3% of children born in Dundee during a 1year period, had saliva samples taken (tongue-loop method) for microbiological culture and were examined for dental caries (d(1)-threshold: enamel and dentine diagnostic threshold). Thirty-nine infants were diagnosed with caries and the frequencies of isolation of caries-associated micro-organisms (and absolute microbial counts) were compared with infants who were caries-free. In addition, associations were sought between the infants' socio-economic background, the frequency of isolation of caries-associated micro-organisms and caries status. RESULTS: Streptococcus mutans, lactobacilli and yeasts were isolated more frequently from those infants with caries compared to those who were caries-free (S. mutans: 29.7 vs 9.8%, P=0.0008; lactobacilli: 15.4 vs 4.3%, P=0.0073; yeasts: 23.7 vs 10.4%, P=0.0016-Fisher's exact test). There were no significant differences between the isolation frequencies of S. sobrinus (2.7 vs 1.3%, P=0.39) from those with and without caries. Significantly, more infants living in areas of high deprivation had caries compared to those from more affluent areas (DEPCAT 6 and 7 vs 1-5: 3.6 vs 1.9%, P=0.049), but, apart from yeasts, socio-economic background was not significantly associated with the isolation frequencies of any of the caries-associated micro-organisms. CONCLUSIONS: In infants as young as 1year of age, salivary S. mutans, lactobacilli and yeasts but not S. sobrinus were isolated significantly more frequently from those with caries compared to those who were caries-free. Apart from yeasts, socio-economic background did not influence the frequency of isolation of caries-associated micro-organisms. However, infants living in areas of highest deprivation had significantly higher frequencies of caries compared to those from more affluent areas.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Lactobacillus/isolamento & purificação , Classe Social , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus sobrinus/isolamento & purificação , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Índice CPO , Cárie Dentária/patologia , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Dentina/patologia , Humanos , Lactente , Pobreza , Curva ROC , Saliva/microbiologia , Escócia , Língua/microbiologia
15.
J Dent ; 29(5): 325-32, 2001 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11472804

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine if there are associations between the level of social deprivation/affluence and the frequency isolation of caries-associated micro-organisms (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, lactobacilli and yeasts) in a large cohort of infants examined annually from 1 to 4 years of age. METHODS: DEPCAT was used to measure the socio-economic status of all consented infants (n=1099--1392) born in Dundee during a 1 year period (total n=1974). Caries-associated micro-organisms were cultured from saliva when the infants were 1, 2, 3 and 4 years of age. Standardised dental examinations were also carried out annually. Log linear analysis, which controlled for caries, was used to look for associations between DEPCAT and the isolation frequency of caries-associated micro-organisms. RESULTS: When controlling for caries, there was an association between DEPCAT and the isolation frequency of yeasts when the infants were 1 and 2 but not when 3 and 4 years old, whereas lactobacilli were associated only when the infants were 3 and 4 years old. Correlations between S. mutans and social deprivation were usually dependent on the caries status of the infants. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between social deprivation and the isolation frequencies of caries-associated micro-organisms is complex with lactobacilli developing an association when the infants were 3 and 4 years old in contrast to yeasts which were only associated when the infants were 1 and 2 years old. Streptococcus mutans was associated with social deprivation when the infants were 2 years old and older, but dependent on caries status in the 3 and 4 year olds.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/epidemiologia , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Pobreza , Fatores Etários , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Lactobacillus/isolamento & purificação , Modelos Logísticos , Fatores de Risco , Saliva/microbiologia , Escócia/epidemiologia , Classe Social , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus sobrinus/isolamento & purificação , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação
16.
Br Dent J ; 188(12): 677-9, 2000 Jun 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11022383

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: A randomised controlled trial to determine the acceptability to dentists and patients of cavity preparation with an Erbium:YAG laser as compared with conventional handpieces. METHODS: Fifteen dentists (9 GDPs, 1 community dentist and 5 hospital dentists) treated 77 patients (age range 3.5-68 years old) who had two matched cavities, in a split mouth, randomised trial. One cavity was prepared conventionally, the other with the laser, with dentist and patient preference determined by questionnaire. RESULTS: In the majority of cases, where dentists expressed a preference, it was for conventional cavity preparation, and this was significant (P < 0.001). In more than half of the laser appointments, dentists had to use conventional handpieces to complete the cavity. Principle difficulties reported with the laser were access (25 cases) and slow speed of cutting (11 cases). Patients aged > or = 10 years who expressed a preference, preferred laser treatment, and this was significant (P < 0.001). Patients aged < 10 years, assessed using a simplified pictorial questionnaire, did not show a significant preference for either technique. CONCLUSIONS: Dentists preferred conventional handpieces for cavity preparation while patients aged > or = 10 years old preferred laser treatment. Patients < 10 years old did not express a preference.


Assuntos
Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/instrumentação , Lasers , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/métodos , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária/psicologia , Equipamentos Odontológicos , Odontólogos/psicologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Inquéritos e Questionários
17.
Quintessence Int ; 21(7): 531-40, 1990 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2094851

RESUMO

This study was designed to assess the feasibility and practicability of the employment of endoscopic methods for the diagnosis of dental caries and to compare the diagnostic performance, in posterior teeth, of visual endoscopic caries diagnosis (with and without the benefit of differential fluorescence) with that of conventional visual diagnosis, bite-wing radiography, and conventional transillumination. The two endoscopic methods were found to be clinically practicable, to be able to demonstrate the presence of small carious lesions, and to have both advantages and disadvantages compared to conventional methods. When all tooth sites were compared, the results indicated that the endoscopic methods may detect a greater number of carious lesions than do conventional visual, radiographic, or fiber-optic transilluminational methods of caries diagnosis. Further investigations involving histologic validation of diagnoses as well as larger numbers of patients and multiple examiners are indicated.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Endoscopia , Adolescente , Criança , Tecnologia de Fibra Óptica , Fluorescência , Humanos , Fibras Ópticas , Transiluminação
18.
Pediatr Dent ; 22(6): 505-10, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11132512

RESUMO

PURPOSE: A high prevalence of tooth surface loss due to erosion is well recognized in the United Kingdom (UK), but not in the United States (US). This could be due to prevalence or perception or a combination of both. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of erosion of the upper permanent incisors in US and UK samples of 11-13 year old children. METHODS: Convenience samples of 129 subjects were examined in the US and 125 in the UK by two trained examiners. The palatal and buccal surfaces of the upper permanent incisors were assessed for the presence of erosion. Subjects also completed a questionnaire investigating any association between the presence of erosion and possible etiological factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of erosion was 41% in the US and 37% in the UK samples, this difference was not statistically significant. Similarly no statistically significant difference was found between the sexes. The erosion present was confined to enamel in the vast majority of subjects. The questionnaire did not detect any link between the presence of erosion and possible etiological factors. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that dental erosion is common in both US and UK adolescent populations. There is a need for a larger study to investigate this issue further.


Assuntos
Incisivo/patologia , Erosão Dentária/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Bebidas/estatística & dados numéricos , Bebidas Gaseificadas/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Dentina/patologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Fluoretação , Frutas , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/epidemiologia , Azia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Maryland/epidemiologia , Maxila , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Prevalência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Escócia/epidemiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Erosão Dentária/etiologia , Vômito/epidemiologia
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