Assessment of Changes in the Outcome of Autogenous Tooth Grafts Over Time: A Clinical Study Evaluating Periodontal Healing in Bone Defects After Lower Third Molar Removal.

BACKGROUND: The removal of impacted lower third molars (ILTMs) is associated with bone defects in the distal area of second molars. Different methods have been described to minimize these defects. PURPOSE: The primary objective was to assess changes in probing depth (PD) over time (up to 36 months) between test (grafted) and control (ungrafted) groups; the graft was obtained from the extracted ILTM. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: This split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted at the Postgraduate Course in Oral Surgery of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Complutense University of Madrid. Adult patients requiring bilateral ILTM extraction with adjacent second molars were recruited, excluding pregnant/lactating women, patients in treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and patients with periodontal diseases. PREDICTOR/EXPOSURE/INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: The predictor variable was the graft technique. The bone defect after ILTM removal was treated with autogenous tooth graft (ATG) in the test group, leaving the control group ungrafted. MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE: PD on the distobuccal, distomedial, and distolingual surfaces was recorded in both groups and averaged at baseline (T0), 3 (T1), 6 (T2), and 36 months (T3) postoperatively. COVARIATES: Sex, age, surgical time, ILTM situation and position between groups were assessed. ANALYSES: ANOVA repeated measures for comparisons between groups and the Friedman test for comparisons within the groups over time were applied. Statistical significance was established with a confidence interval of 95% (P < .05). RESULTS: The sample comprised 22 patients (6 males, 16 females) with a mean age of 21.68 ± 2.19 years; 44 ILTM extractions were performed. Statistically significant differences in PD average were found between groups (P < .001, 95% confidence interval) at 3 (1.63 ± 0.29), 6 (1.76 ± 0.3), and 36 months (1.74 ± 0.36). Reductions from T0 to T3 of 2.74 ± 0.28 (P < .001) and 0.54 ± 0.3 (P = .43) were observed in test and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: ATG placed on the distal surface of lower second molars and almost completely filling the extraction socket improved PD 3, 6 and 36 months after ILTM. Furthermore, no significant changes in PD were observed over time; no major complications occurred. ATG appears to be a viable alternative graft material for this procedure.

Evaluation of the maxillary midline, curve of the upper lip, smile line and tooth shape: a prospective study of 140 Caucasian patients.

BACKGROUND: A number of reference patterns such as the interincisal line, curve of the upper lip, width of the smile or shape of the teeth have been studied in different populations. Determining the frequency of different smile aesthetic parameters in a European Caucasian population and exploring possible gender differences is important in order to obtain predictable treatment outcomes. METHODS: Photographs were obtained under resting and forced smiling conditions in 140 individuals (70 males and 70 females) with a mean age of 20.1 ± 4.3 years. Different variables were recorded, including the position of the maxillary interincisal midline in relation to the facial midline, the arc and width of the smile, and the shape of the teeth. The data were processed using the SPSS version 15.0 statistical package, with application of the chi-squared test and a confidence level of 95%. The statistical power was 80%, and the level of significance 5% (α = 0.05). RESULTS: A total of 94.3% of the sample presented a maxillary interincisal midline coinciding with the facial midline, and 80% had a consonant smile line. The curve of the upper lip was upwards in 47.1% of the cases, followed by a straight curve in 41.4%. Most of the subjects (84.3%) presented a medium smile line with tooth exposure to the second premolar (61.4%). There were no significant differences between males and females. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of aesthetic criteria is needed in order to guarantee satisfactory and predictable dental treatment outcomes. There were no statistically significant differences between males and females. The maxillary interincisal midline coincided with the facial midline, with a consonant smile arc and a medium smile line, upward lip curve and oval tooth shape.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of implants placed by means of inferior alveolar nerve lateralization: a 5-year follow-up study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical and radiological responses of implants placed in combination with inferior alveolar nerve lateralization, analyzing survival and success rates over 5 years functional loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective, longitudinal, single-center study recruited 40 patients with mandibular atrophy in the posterior sectors, who underwent lateralization of the inferior alveolar nerve. Three months after surgery and implant placement, the implants were loaded by means of screw-retained implant-supported partial prostheses or fixed complete prostheses. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed immediately after implant placement and at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60-month follow-up visits. RESULTS: The 40 patients received a total of 129 implants (Phibo TSA™ , Phibo Dental Solutions, Sentmenat, Barcelona, Spain). Two implants were lost in the first month after surgery, generating an implant cumulative survival rate (CSR) of 98.44%. The success rate after 5 years of loading was 98.44%. No intra-operative or postoperative soft tissue or prosthetic complications occurred during the 5-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Inferior alveolar nerve lateralization performed to allow placement of (Phibo TSA™ ) implants in patients with mandibular atrophy obtained predictable clinical and radiological results over five years of functional loading.

Relation between diagnosis of atheromatous plaque from orthopantomographs and cardiovascular risk factors. A study of cases and control subjects.

BACKGROUND: In recent years the use of orthopantomography has been proposed as a low-cost, reliable and non-invasive diagnostic medium for detecting atheromatous plaque. The purpose of this study was to correlate the presence of carotid calcifications (atheroma) in orthopantomographs with specific risk factors for cerebrovascular accidents (previous cerebrovascular accidents, arterial hypertension, and diabetes). PATIENT AND METHODS: The methods used in this observational study of cases and control subjects followed STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology) recommendations. The study analyzed a total of 1,602 panoramic radiographs taken for dental diagnostic purposes between January 2010 and February 2014. The main variables analyzed were the incidence of atheromatous plaque and other cardiovascular risk factors. Epidat 3.1 statistical software was used to determine minimum sample sizes and the results were analyzed using PASW (Predictive Analytics Software) Statistics 10.0.0. RESULTS: For all the variables analyzed, the correlation between radiographic detection of atheromatous plaque and the presence of cardiovascular disease risk factors was found to be statistically significant (RR>1.5). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cardiovascular risk factors is related to the incidence of radiopaque lesions at the carotid artery bifurcation, indicating the presence of atheromatous plaque.

The Influence of Anxiety on Postoperative Quality of Life Regarding Implant Treatments: An Epidemiological Study.

Dental treatment anxiety is highly prevalent worldwide. This is particularly important in the field of implantology since, in daily clinical practice, it translates into an increase in the difficulty of treatments, extending surgical times and having repercussions in the postoperative period. The aim of this multicentre, cross-sectional, epidemiological study was to determine the influence of anxiety levels in the postoperative period of an implant treatment on patients treated at two dental departments in Extremadura (Spain). To analyse anxiety levels, the modified Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale questionnaire was administered before surgical treatment. To analyse the postoperative period, another questionnaire was provided 7 days after surgery. The study was conducted on a total of 102 patients (55 men and 47 women), with a mean age of 47.99 years. The results indicated that patients with a high and severe degree of anxiety had a poorer quality of life in general. Patients with a higher degree of anxiety perceived greater swelling at 24, 48, 72 h and one week after surgery.

Impact of prosthetic rehabilitation type on satisfaction of completely edentulous patients. A 5-year prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of rehabilitated edentulous patients in relation to implant prosthetic type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 40 completely edentulous patients wearing conventional prostheses. They were divided into two study groups: Group A contained 20 patients rehabilitated with implant-supported fixed prostheses and Group B contained 20 patients with overdentures. Subjects were evaluated by means of a specially designed questionnaire before treatment and after 1, 3 and 5 years. RESULTS: Group A exhibited better results in terms of esthetics, function and personal satisfaction, although without statistically significant differences. However, statistically significant differences were found within parameters of oral hygiene after 1 year in favor of Group B. CONCLUSIONS: Overall satisfaction was seen to increase after implant rehabilitation, regardless of the type of prosthesis used. The satisfaction of edentulous patients differs depending on prosthetic type. Patients rehabilitated with fixed prostheses obtain a generally higher level of satisfaction than patients wearing overdentures.

Autogenous particulated dentin for alveolar ridge preservation. A systematic review.

PURPOSE: This review aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of autogenous particulated dentin (APD) used for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), evaluating volume gain, histologic/histomorphometric data, and associated complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). An automated search was made in four databases (Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) supplemented by a manual search for relevant clinical articles published before March 10th, 2022. The review included human studies of at least four patients in which extraction and subsequent ARP were performed in a single surgery. Both comparative studies and studies that assessed ARP with APD exclusively were admitted. The quality of evidence was assessed with the Cochrane bias assessment tool, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. RESULTS: Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included for descriptive analysis, with a total of 215 patients, and 337 alveoli preserved by APD, spontaneous healing (blood clot), or other bone substitutes, obtaining comparatively less vertical and horizontal resorption when APD was used. CONCLUSIONS: After dental extraction, autogenous dentin was effective in terms of volume maintenance, showing promising results in histologic/histomorphometric analysis, and a low complication rate. Nevertheless, few comparative studies with comparable parameters have been published and so more research providing long-term data is needed to confirm these findings.

Clinical epidemiological analysis of 173 supernumerary molars.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of supernumerary molars in a sector of the population of Madrid, as well as the possible complications associated with the presence of hypergenetic molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out, which included a data assessment of all patients (13557) seeking dental care at a hospital's department of oral surgery across 4 years. The proposed methodology consisted of preparing a medical record in order to obtain data on the medical record number, age and sex of the patient, radiological findings such as location and type of supernumerary molar, retained/erupted molar, related accidents and tooth morphology. RESULTS: Supernumerary molars were found to be present in 130 patients, representing a prevalence of 0.96% of the total population studied. These patients had a total of 173 hypergenetic molars, consisting of 137 distomolars and 36 paramolars Mechanical-obstructive pathology was associated with 28.9%, whereas enlargement of the follicular sack bigger than 3 mm was present in 16.2% of the sample. CONCLUSION: Supernumerary molars are usually diagnosed as a coincidental radiological finding without any associated pathology. However a higher percentage of comorbidity was found than initially expected.

Biological response to porcine xenograft implants: an experimental study in rabbits.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new porcine biomaterial and collagen paste in 20 New Zealand rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty implants using a porcine xenograft made up of 80% corticocancellous collagenated bone particles of ≤300 µm in size were placed in the proximal metaphyseal area of both tibiae. Four periods of time were formed: 1h, 5, 8, and 15 months. After implantation, an anteroposterior and lateral radiological study was carried out. Samples were sectioned at 5 µm and stained using hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichromic, and Gordon-Switt reticulin stains. RESULTS: These results confirmed the biocompatibility of this porcine biomaterial-collagen paste; only a few, occasional macrophages and scattered lymphocytes were observed. No fibrosis was observed between the implants and the bone. Moreover, the material was osteoconductive acting as a "scaffold" for bone cells, and there was a progressive increase in bone growth in and around the implants. CONCLUSION: This new porcine biomaterial-collagen paste seemed to be biocompatible, bioresorbable, and osteoconductive.

Meta-analytic study of implant survival following sinus augmentation.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate graft types used for maxillary sinus augmentation and review success rates of dental implants inserted in these areas, analyzing the graft materials used, implant surface types and the moment of implant placement. STUDY DESIGN: A meta-analytic study reviewing articles on sinus augmentation published during the last ten years. RESULTS: 3,975 implants placed in sinus augmentations (with bony windows) were registered, of which 3,749 implants survived, a survival rate of 94.3%. CONCLUSIONS: When performing sinus augmentation, bone substitute materials are just as effective as autologous bone, whether used alone or in combination with autologous bone. Implant surface treatments can have an important effect on implant survival and it would appear that roughened surfaces are the best option. When implants are inserted simultaneously to grafting, a higher failure rate can be expected.

Influence of the patients' sex, type of dental prosthesis and antagonist on residual bone resorption at the level of the premaxilla.

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the height and width of the ridge at the level of the premaxilla in edentulous patients, evaluating whether the sex of the patient, type of prosthetic rehabilitation and antagonist have an influence. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We randomly selected a total of 89 patients, having an average age of 66.21 years old. A total of 308 measurements were made, all of them at the level of the premaxilla, in the intercanine area. As dependent variables, we analyzed the patients' sex, age and the antagonist: removable (dental) prostheses (RP), fixed (dental) prostheses (FD), natural dentition (ND). As independent variables, we measured the height and residual width in sagittal sections provided by tomographic studies using Dentascan®. RESULTS: We observed a significantly smaller ridge in women versus in men, and in patients whose antagonist was a fixed prosthesis; whereas for the type of prosthesis, we did not observe significant differences between the two categories analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Bone resorption at the level of the premaxilla is a variable process in which a smaller size is observed (height and width) in women and when the antagonist is a fixed prosthesis.

Anatomical variations and accessory structures in the maxilla in relation to implantological procedures: an observational retrospective study of 212 cases using cone-bean computed tomography.

PURPOSE: This study used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to analyze the prevalence of several maxillary anatomical/accessory structures, as well as variations within each type, assessing how accurate diagnosis can minimize the risk of intraoperative complications during implantological procedures in the oral cavity. METHODS: 212 CBCT scans of the maxilla were analyzed, captured over a period of 18 months for surgical planning purposes. The prevalence of posterior superior alveolar arteries (PSAA), maxillary sinus septa (MSS), and branches of the canalis sinuosus (CS) were evaluated, as were the diameter and location of each anatomical structure in horizontal and vertical planes. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: PSAAs were observed in 99.1% of cases, the intrasinus type being the most frequent; MSS were noted in 15.6% of the sample, mainly in the posterior region with sagittal orientation; CS branches were observed in 50% of patients, mainly in relation to the incisors and significantly more prevalent among males. CONCLUSIONS: The use of CBCT significantly increases the possibility of clearly identifying these anatomical structures. The differences found between patients highlight the importance of carrying out an exhaustive radiological study of the individual to prevent complications, such as Schneiderian membrane perforation, neurovascular damage or bleeding during surgery.

Piperacillin-Tazobactam as an Adjuvant in the Mechanical Treatment of Patients with Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Study.

In this study, the aim was to evaluate the effects of the adjuvant piperacillin-tazobactam solution in the mechanical treatment of periodontitis. A single-blind split-mouth randomized study, it included 24 participants. All of them presented periodontitis stage III according to the 2018 World Workshop classification and the presence of at least one of the following periodontal pathogens: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Porphyromona gingivalis; Treponema denticola; Tannerella forsythia; Prevotella intermedia. The study established two groups: a control group (SRP: scaling and root planing) and a test group (SRP plus local piperacillin-tazobactam). The final recruitment included 11 women (45.8%) and 13 men (54.2%). The age range was between 25 and 72 years, and the mean age was 57 ± 10.20 years. Clinical controls were performed at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months, repeating the SRP and applying the piperacillin-tazobactam solution again at the 3-month appointment. The clinical attachment level decreased by a mean of 2.13 ± 0.17 mm from the baseline to 6 months in the test group versus 1.63 ± 0.18 mm in the control group. The mean probing pocket depth decreased from 1.32 ± 0.09 mm in the test group, versus from 0.96 ± 0.14 mm on the control side. The plaque index in the test group decreased by 0.46 ± 0.04, while it decreased by an average of 0.31 ± 0.04 in the control group. In conclusion, the local use of piperacillin-tazobactam as complementary therapy produces better clinical results in patients with periodontitis. However, these results are not maintained over time, and so a more persistent local application is necessary.

Dental Transmigration: An Observational Retrospective Study OF52 Mandibular Canines.

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of transmigrated canines in a Spanish population by evaluating their clinical and radiological characteristics. The descriptive observational study obtained 6840 orthopantomographs from all patients seeking dental care in the years 2017-21 via the Patient Reception Service and Dentistry Service at the Faculty of Dentistry at the Complutense University of Madrid and the Central Hospital of the Red Cross of Madrid (Spain). In total, 52 patients presented transmigrated canines, establishing a prevalence of 0.76%. This sample comprised 28 women and 24 men. Whenever a transmigrated canine was identified, a CBCT scan was obtained and used to evaluate the clinical and radiological variables associated with canine transmigration. The predominant side of the transmigration was the left (57.69%) compared to the right side (42.30%). The position of the canine, in order of frequency, according to the Mupparapu classification, corresponded to type IV (42.30%), type II (36.53%), type I (15.38%), and type V (5.76%), with no type III transmigrations found. Clinical manifestations were only recorded in 17.30% of cases, and 11.53% of the radiological findings showed the presence of tooth cysts that were confirmed by histopathological studies. Other impactions, in addition to the transmigrated canine, were found in five patients (9.61%), with the majority being the presence of third molars.

Analysis of the Radiological Changes of the Sinus Membrane Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Its Relationship with Dental Treatments. A Retrospective Study.

The aim of this study was to identify the most relevant dental factors and iatrogenic causes in the development of pathological changes to the sinus membrane and to analyse their possible influence on the development of odontogenic sinusitis. A descriptive, observational study was designed, with 276 patients who had been evaluated via cone beam computed tomography, analysing possible sinus thickening factors, such as apical infections, endodontic treatments, periodontitis, radicular cysts and impacted teeth, as well as iatrogenic factors caused by implant treatments or the development of oroantral communications produced during tooth extraction manoeuvres. Among the dental factors, periodontitis (47.1%), apical pathology (23.5%) and endodontic treatments (23.1%) were the predominant causes of sinus membrane thickening that most frequently produced an occupancy between 2 and 10 mm. Regarding the implant treatments, the placement of implants through the floor of the maxillary sinus was the main cause (9.8%), followed by sinus elevation techniques (6.2%). Dental extraction was the first cause of oroantral communication (5.0%), being the procedure that caused the greatest thickening of the sinus membrane. This study highlights the importance of dental treatments and iatrogenic factors in sinus pathology, and the need for diagnostic interrelations between the different specialists who address this pathology.

Consensus Report on Preventive Antibiotic Therapy in Dental Implant Procedures: Summary of Recommendations from the Spanish Society of Implants.

Current patterns of preventive antibiotic prescribing are encouraging the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Recently, the Spanish Society of Implants (SEI) developed the first clinical practice guidelines published to date, providing clear guidelines on how to prescribe responsible and informed preventive antibiotic therapy (PAT) based on the available scientific evidence on dental implant treatments (DIs). The present document aims to summarise and disseminate the recommendations established by this expert panel. These were based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Studies were analysed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) checklist templates and ranked according to their level of evidence. They were then assigned a level of recommendation using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system (GRADE). Guidelines were established on the type of PAT, antibiotic and dosage of administration in the placement of DIs without anatomical constraints, in bone augmentation with the placement of DIs in one or two stages, placement of immediate DIs, sinus elevations, implant prosthetic phase, as well as recommendations in patients allergic to penicillin. Therefore, the PAT must be adapted to the type of implant procedure to be performed.

Demirjian and Cameriere methods for age estimation in a Spanish sample of 1386 living subjects.

Currently, human identification is a challenge. Migration due to war, economic crisis or other factors is frequent. The wisdom teeth are the last teeth to initiate and complete development therefore, are fundamental for determining the legal age of majority in different countries. The aim of the study is to determine the validity of two methods based on mineralisation of the third molar to predict the ages of majority of individuals in a Spanish population. Orthopantomographies of 636 men and 750 women (mean age, 16.5 years) were analysed. The Demirjian and Cameriere methods were used, and each tooth was assigned a value according to the degree of mineralisation and maturation. The level of significance used in the analyses was 5% (α = 0.05), with a power of 96.2%. The predictive ability of the Demirjian method to determine 18 years of age in the lower wisdom teeth 93%, respectively. The Cameriere method has a predictive capacity of 88%. There are no statistically significant differences between men and women. Stage H and a cut-off point of 0.08 were the guiding values for determining the age of majority of the study population. For other proposed age ranges (14 and 16 years), both methods were useful in determining the actual age of individuals, with the Demirjian method having a sensitivity of 97.5% with and Cameriere having a predictive capacity of 95%. Both methods can be used with high reliability to determine the age of individuals where reliable documentation is unavailable. Stage H with the Demirjian method and a cut-off point of 0.08 with the Cameriere method can determine the age of majority of the Spanish population. The combination of the two methods does not substantially increase predictive ability.

Crestal bone loss evaluation in osseotite expanded platform implants: a 5-year study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the survival rates at 5 years of expanded platform implants placed in the anterior zone of the maxilla and immediately restored with single crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Implants incorporating the platform-switching concept were placed in fresh extraction sockets in the maxillary arch, with each patient receiving a provisional restoration immediately after implant placement. After 15 days, final screwed restorations were inserted. Mesial and distal bone heights were evaluated using digital radiography on the day following implant placement and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36 months and 5 years. Primary stability was measured with resonance frequency analysis (RFA) using the Osstell Mentor device. Sixty-four implants were placed in 32 men and 32 women ranging in age between 29 and 60 (mean: 39.64 ± 5.16 years). RESULTS: Mean mesial bone loss was 0.08 mm (SD 0.42). Mean distal bone loss was 0.14 mm (SD 0.56). Over the course of the 5 years, the mean RFA value was 72.5 ± 3.1 SD. CONCLUSION: The platform-switched implants remained stable over the course of 5 years and had an overall survival rate of 97.1%.

Extractions without eliminating anticoagulant treatment: a literature review.

OBJECTIVES: To establish whether there is a high enough risk of bleeding in patients who take oral anticoagulants, such that it would justify not using oral anticoagulants when performing a dental extraction, as well as if the reason for and anatomical location of the extraction increases such risk. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a bibliographic search in order to carry out a meta-analytic study using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: We compiled a sample of 1194 patients from the articles selected. Of these patients, a total of 2392 simple, serial surgical extractions were performed; none of the patients interrupted their anticoagulant treatment with warfarin sodium. Of the sample, 83 patients presented a certain degree of bleeding; in 77 of such cases, the bleeding was controlled with local hemostasis, whereas 6 patients required their dose of oral anticoagulants to be adjusted. There was a higher incidence of bleeding in patients presenting a periodontal pathology, compared to deep caries and pericoronitis. CONCLUSIONS: Patients being treated with oral anticoagulants represent a risk that we should be aware of, but local hemostasis has proven to be effective when performing extractions, provided that the INR value is less than 4. There is an increased incidence of bleeding in patients with periodontal problems, due to the greater presence of inflammation in the soft tissues. If the extraction is performed in the maxilla, the incidence of hemorrhagic complications is slightly higher than in the mandible, although this difference is considered to be insignificant.

Clinical Behavior and Complications of Mandibular Full-Arch Fixed Dental Prostheses Supported by Three Dental Implants. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to assess the clinical behavior of mandibular implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses (ISFCDP) on three dental implants by analyzing implant and prosthetic survival rates, marginal bone loss, biological/technical complications, and patient-reported outcomes. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were conducted in the Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, complimented by a manual search in specialist journals for relevant articles published up to February 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale tool was used to assess the quality of evidence in the studies reviewed. The study included 13 articles with 728 patients treated with 2184 implants. A mean implant survival rate of 95.9% (95% CI: 94.6-97.3%) and a prosthetic survival rate of 97.0% (95% CI: 95.7-98.3%) were obtained over 1-6-year follow-up periods. Mandibular implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses on three dental implants would appear to be a viable option for restoring the edentulous mandible in comparison with mandibular ISFCDP on more than three implants. Further comparative studies are needed, with adequate protocols, as well as sufficient sample sizes and follow-up periods to confirm these findings.