[Sequence orthodontic treatment of impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors].

OBJECTIVE: To explore an effective orthodontic method for treating impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors. METHODS: 12 impacted teeth of 11 cases were chosen. The position of the impacted teeth and the relations with neighbour tissues were assessed by X-ray images, oral examination and plaster model, etc. The impacted teeth were induced to erupt with the closed-eruption technique and fixed orthodontic appliances, root canal therapy, apicoectomy and prosthetic treatment. RESULTS: 12 impacted teeth were moved into arches, and the occlusal relationship was normal. There were no root resorption or conglutination in those impacted teeth. The labial impacted teeth of nine cases had bigger labial crown torsion. The root apexes of four impacted teeth were palpable under mucosa of the labial sulcus and operated by root canal therapy and apicoectomy. One of them received prosthetic treatment. Others (five cases) hadn't accepted root canal therapy, and were observed temporarily. The effects of two palatal impacted teeth was stable. CONCLUSION: It was a good method to expand indication with sequence orthodontic treatment. The impacted dilacerated maxillary central incisors could be aligned with good esthetical and functional effect.

[Ultrasonographic evaluation of tongue movement during swallowing in severe skeletal Class III malocclusion in adult patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the tongue movement during swallowing in skeletal Class III adult patients using M-mode ultrasonography combined with cushion scanning technique. METHODS: Tongue movement during swallowing in 20 skeletal Class III adult patients (11 females, 9 males, mean age 20.5 years) and 11 healthy adults (8 females, 3 males, mean age 23.5 years) was examined with M-mode ultrasonography combined with cushion scanning technique. The results were compared. RESULTS: Compared with mature swallowed, the skeletal Class III adult patients had longer phase 2 [(0.24 +/- 0.07) s], phase 3 [(1.17 +/- 0.21) s], longer total duration [(1.98 +/- 0.24) s], faster speed in phase 1 [(3.20 +/- 1.30) mm/s], and smaller range in phase 5 [(0.38 +/- 0.28) mm]. CONCLUSIONS: The skeletal Class III adult patients had distinctly different tongue movements during swallowing.