Contextual and individual determinants of tooth loss in adults: a multilevel study.

BACKGROUND: Tooth loss represents a known marker of health inequality. The association between tooth loss and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions is evident when analyzed at an individual level. However, the effects of contextual characteristics on tooth loss need to be better investigated and understood. The objective of this study was to analyze tooth loss among Brazilian adults (35-44 years of age), in accordance with individual and contextual social characteristics. METHODS: This was a multilevel cross-sectional study with data from 9564 adult participants from the Brazilian Oral Health Survey - SBBrasil 2010. The dependent variable was the number of lost teeth and the independent variables were grouped into structural (socioeconomic & political context) and intermediary (socioeconomic position, behavioral & biological factors, and health services) determinants. Multilevel Hierarchical Negative Binomial Regression was conducted and the Mean Ratio (MR) was estimated. RESULTS: Brazilian adults lost a mean of 7.57 (95% CI 7.1-8.1) teeth. Among the contextual variables, the number of teeth lost was higher among residents of municipalities with high and medium/low Municipal Human Development Index (MHDI) and in municipalities that did not have public water fluoridation. Among the individual variables, dental loss was higher among those who declared themselves yellow/black/brown/indigenous, were older, who had lower income, who had never visited a dentist, who had used dental services for more than a year and those whose most recent visit to the dentist was due to oral health problems. On the other hand, dental loss was lower among adults with higher education levels and males. CONCLUSIONS: The number of missing teeth was associated with unfavorable contextual and individual conditions, which reinforces the need to reduce social inequality and guarantee regular, lifetime access to dental services.

Impact of oral clinical problems on oral health-related quality of life in brazilian children: a hierarchical approach.

BACKGROUND: Oral health-related quality of life may be influenced by a series of characteristics. Considering the multidimensional character of quality of life, these impacts should be evaluated in the context of the physical, psychological, and social domains. AIM: To evaluate the impact of clinical and perceived oral health problems on oral health-related quality of life in its different domains. DESIGN: Clinical exams were conducted on a representative cross-sectional sample of 12-year-old children in Brazil. The instrument Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) was used to evaluate the quality of life in relation to oral health. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple hierarchical analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Of the 7328 children studied, 2577 (33.5%) presented oral health-related impacts on quality of life. Clinical and perceived conditions of oral health were associated with the presence of overall impacts in the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of oral health-related quality of life. Furthermore, Family income was associated with overall impacts and the level of motivation to use dental health services was associated with the physical dimension. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and perceived conditions of oral health in Brazilian 12-year-olds were associated with a negative impact on oral health-related quality of life.

Analysis of socio-demographic and systemic health factors and the normative conditions of oral health care in a population of the Brazilian elderly.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of socio-demographic and systemic health factors according to the normative conditions of oral health care (dental caries, edentulism, periodontal disease and oral mucosal lesion) in elderly individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of elderly with access to community health care (n = 200). The normative conditions of oral health were then investigated according to the WHO and the SB Brazil criteria. Bivariate analyses were evaluated by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. An estimation of prevalence for the covariates was performed using Poisson's regression models. RESULTS: The prevalence of edentulism and oral mucosal lesions was detected in 58% and 21.5% of elderly patients, respectively. In the dentate subjects, the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease was 51.2% and 20.8%, respectively. Older men and individuals from lower-income groups exhibited a higher prevalence of dental caries. Elderly women, illiterate individuals, and individuals over the age of 65 years exhibited a higher prevalence of edentulism. Elderly 60-64 years old and those who are employed had a significant association with periodontal disease. CONCLUSION: Socio-demographic factors were associated with some notable oral diseases in the elderly.

Use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians: mediation by tooth loss. / Uso de serviços de saúde bucal entre idosos brasileiros: mediação pela perda dentária.

The present study analyzed factors associated with the use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the latest National Oral Health Survey (SB Brazil 2010), which considered a sample of 7,619 elderly individuals (65-74 years) for analysis. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used, investigating the association between latent or observed variables, directly or mediated, in relation to the use of oral health services. Least squares estimators adjusted by mean and variance, were used by means of standardized coefficients, and standard error and confidence intervals, by applying the bootstrapping method with 1,500 iterations. Elderly individuals with a higher socioeconomic status, fewer missing teeth, and the presence of impacts of oral health conditions on their lives were directly associated with the outcome. Other factors associated with the mediated use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians included socioeconomic status, gender, age, and the use of prostheses, in addition to finding a correlation between prosthesis use and missing teeth. Tooth loss, along with other factors, played a prominent role in this study regarding the use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians, pointing to the need to expand access to dental prostheses in primary care.

Analisaram-se fatores associados ao uso de serviços de saúde bucal (USSB) entre idosos brasileiros. Estudo transversal, que considerou a amostra de 7.619 idosos (65-74 anos) do SB Brasil 2010. Utilizou-se modelagem com equações estruturais (MEE), investigando associação entre variáveis latentes ou observadas, de forma direta ou mediada, em relação ao USSB. Utilizaram-se estimadores de mínimos quadrados ajustados pela média e variância, por meio de coeficientes padronizados, erro padrão e intervalos de confiança, com o método bootstrapping com 1.500 iterações. Idosos com melhor condição socioeconômica, menor número de dentes perdidos e presença de impactos das condições de saúde bucal em sua vida foram associados de forma direta ao desfecho. Ainda estiveram associados ao USSB de forma mediada, a condição socioeconômica, sexo e idade; bem como o uso de próteses; além de se encontrar correlação entre uso de próteses e dentes perdidos. A perda dentária exerceu papel de destaque, apontando para a necessidade de ampliação do acesso às próteses dentárias na atenção básica.

Psychometric properties of an oral health literacy scale for people living with diabetes

Abstract This study evaluated the construct validity of the instrument Oral Health Literacy among diabetics. A probabilistic random sample of 239 diabetics from an infinite population answered the 10 items of the questionnaire. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and goodness of fit, chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (X2/df), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), and root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was estimated by the average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR). The scores were dichotomized with the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval as the cutoff point. The three-dimensional model presented good quality parameters (X2 /df = 2.459; CFI = 0.988; TLI = 0.981) and poor RMSEA (0.078). Internal consistency was adequate; AVE for the Access, Understand/appraise, and Apply subscales were 0.831, 0.981, and 0.954 and the CR for these subscales were 0.893, 0.962, and 0.822, respectively. Inadequate literacy ranged from 41.8 to 48.1%. The three-dimensional model identified (access, understand/appraise, and apply) showed structural validity, good internal consistency, and understandability.

Uso de serviços de saúde bucal entre idosos brasileiros: mediação pela perda dentária / Use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians: mediation by tooth loss

Resumo Analisaram-se fatores associados ao uso de serviços de saúde bucal (USSB) entre idosos brasileiros. Estudo transversal, que considerou a amostra de 7.619 idosos (65-74 anos) do SB Brasil 2010. Utilizou-se modelagem com equações estruturais (MEE), investigando associação entre variáveis latentes ou observadas, de forma direta ou mediada, em relação ao USSB. Utilizaram-se estimadores de mínimos quadrados ajustados pela média e variância, por meio de coeficientes padronizados, erro padrão e intervalos de confiança, com o método bootstrapping com 1.500 iterações. Idosos com melhor condição socioeconômica, menor número de dentes perdidos e presença de impactos das condições de saúde bucal em sua vida foram associados de forma direta ao desfecho. Ainda estiveram associados ao USSB de forma mediada, a condição socioeconômica, sexo e idade; bem como o uso de próteses; além de se encontrar correlação entre uso de próteses e dentes perdidos. A perda dentária exerceu papel de destaque, apontando para a necessidade de ampliação do acesso às próteses dentárias na atenção básica.

Abstract The present study analyzed factors associated with the use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the latest National Oral Health Survey (SB Brazil 2010), which considered a sample of 7,619 elderly individuals (65-74 years) for analysis. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used, investigating the association between latent or observed variables, directly or mediated, in relation to the use of oral health services. Least squares estimators adjusted by mean and variance, were used by means of standardized coefficients, and standard error and confidence intervals, by applying the bootstrapping method with 1,500 iterations. Elderly individuals with a higher socioeconomic status, fewer missing teeth, and the presence of impacts of oral health conditions on their lives were directly associated with the outcome. Other factors associated with the mediated use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians included socioeconomic status, gender, age, and the use of prostheses, in addition to finding a correlation between prosthesis use and missing teeth. Tooth loss, along with other factors, played a prominent role in this study regarding the use of oral health services among elderly Brazilians, pointing to the need to expand access to dental prostheses in primary care.

Domestic violence on children: development and validation of an instrument to evaluate knowledge of health professionals.

OBJECTIVE: to develop and validate an instrument to evaluate the knowledge of health professionals about domestic violence on children. METHOD: this was a study conducted with 194 physicians, nurses and dentists. A literature review was performed for preparation of the items and identification of the dimensions. Apparent and content validation was performed using analysis of three experts and 27 professors of the pediatric health discipline. For construct validation, Cronbach's alpha was used, and the Kappa test was applied to verify reproducibility. The criterion validation was conducted using the Student's t-test. RESULTS: the final instrument included 56 items; the Cronbach alpha was 0.734, the Kappa test showed a correlation greater than 0.6 for most items, and the Student t-test showed a statistically significant value to the level of 5% for the two selected variables: years of education and using the Family Health Strategy. CONCLUSION: the instrument is valid and can be used as a promising tool to develop or direct actions in public health and evaluate knowledge about domestic violence on children.

Severity of malocclusion in adolescents: populational-based study in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with severity of malocclusion in a population of adolescents. METHODS: In this cross-sectional population-based study, the sample size (n = 761) was calculated considering a prevalence of malocclusion of 50.0%, with a 95% confidence level and a 5.0% precision level. The study adopted correction for the effect of delineation (deff = 2), and a 20.0% increase to offset losses and refusals. Multistage probability cluster sampling was adopted. Trained and calibrated professionals performed the intraoral examinations and interviews in households. The dependent variable (severity of malocclusion) was assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The independent variables were grouped into five blocks: demographic characteristics, socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, health-related behavior and oral health subjective conditions. The ordinal logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with severity of malocclusion. RESULTS: We interviewed and examined 736 adolescents (91.5% response rate), 69.9% of whom showed no abnormalities or slight malocclusion. Defined malocclusion was observed in 17.8% of the adolescents, being severe or very severe in 12.6%, with pressing or essential need of orthodontic treatment. The probabilities of greater severity of malocclusion were higher among adolescents who self-reported as black, indigenous, pardo or yellow, with lower per capita income, having harmful oral habits, negative perception of their appearance and perception of social relationship affected by oral health. CONCLUSIONS: Severe or very severe malocclusion was more prevalent among socially disadvantaged adolescents, with reported harmful habits and perception of compromised esthetics and social relationships. Given that malocclusion can interfere with the self-esteem of adolescents, it is essential to improve public policy for the inclusion of orthodontic treatment among health care provided to this segment of the population, particularly among those of lower socioeconomic status.

Factors in adult health-related quality of life: a population-based study.

This study aimed to investigate factors associated with the physical health components (PHC) and mental health components (MHC) of health-related quality of life in adults. It is a population-based study, with household cluster sampling. The dependent variables were the PHC and MHC scores in the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12); the independent variables were social-demographic characteristics relating to health and behaviors. A multiple regression was made by the General Linear Model. Of the 841 interviewees, 31% had PHC adversely affected, and 37.2% had MHC adversely affected; 57% had adverse score in at least one domain. The average scores were 49.9 for the physical health component and 47.1 for the MHC. Higher scores on the PHC were associated with: being male (ß = 1.94), having a car in the family (ß = 0.89), having recently used dental services (ß = 1.86), not having a chronic disease (ß = 4.60), not using any medication (ß = 2.09), not being a smoker (ß = 2.04) and practicing physical activities (ß = 1.73). Higher scores on the MHC were associated with not using medication (ß = 1.91) and not being a smoker (ß = 1.26). There is a need for further studies and policies aimed at maintaining and/or recovery of the physical and mental wellbeing of adults without specific diseases.

[Self-perception of the need for full dental prosthesisamong toothless elderly Brazilians]. / Autopercepção da necessidade de prótese dentária total entre idosos brasileiros desdentados.

The objective is to estimate the prevalence of self-perception of the need for a full dental prosthesis among toothless elderly Brazilians aged 65 to 74, as well as identify the associated factors. It is a cross-sectional study based on the national survey of oral health conditions of the Brazilian population, called SB Brazil - 2010. The dependent variable was the self-perceived need for full dental prosthesis, considering the purchase of new or replacement of the existing prosthesis. Descriptive bivariate and multiple analyses were conducted on 3514 elderly people, of which 2039 (55%) elderly self-perceived the need for a full denture. The self-perception of the need for a full denture was higher among those who needed dental prosthesis and who were dissatisfied with their oral health conditions. In addition to the high prevalence of self-perception of the need for prosthesis identified, the results identified that normative and subjective conditions of oral health remained associated with this self-perception among elderly Brazilians.

Factors associated with chronic diseases among the elderly receiving treatment under the Family Health Strategy.

The profile of a sample population of elderly receiving treatment under the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Teófilo Otoni, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described, and the factors associated with diseases prevalence examined. Using simple random sampling, 385 elderly were interviewed using Form A and Elderly Form from the Primary Health Care Information System. The majority of the sample (83.1%) self-reported at least one disease, 69.9% had hypertension, and 17.7% had diabetes. Poisson regression analysis showed that the main factors associated with hypertension and other diseases were being non-white, having a low level of education, medication use, dental prosthesis use, and lack of a private health plan. The prevalence of diabetes was greater among women and individuals who depended on other people to live. It can be concluded that this sample population of elderly has a generally low socioeconomic status and are more susceptible to developing diseases, particularly hypertension. Diabetes should be controlled although had relatively low prevalence. It is suggested investments in structuring the health system network to provide adequate care for the elderly and in training health professionals to play an effective role in improving the quality of life of the elderly in Brazil.

[Tooth decay and associated factors among adolescents in the north of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: a hierarchical analysis]. / Cárie dentária e fatores associados entre adolescentes no norte do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil: uma análise hierarquizada.

This is a cross-sectional population-based study (n = 763) conducted in the north of the State of Minas Gerais, which aimed to investigate the prevalence of tooth decay among adolescents and to identify the potential determinants of same. Probability sampling by conglomerates in multiple stages was used. Trained and calibrated professionals performed the data collection by means of intraoral examination and interviews in the previously selected households. In the analysis of the determinant factor for the presence of tooth decay, hierarchical binary logistic regression models were used. The prevalence of tooth decay, decayed, missing and filled teeth were 71.3%, 36.5%, 55.6% and 16%, respectively. The following averages were observed: DMFT (3.4 teeth), number of decayed (0.8 teeth), restored (2.4 teeth) and missing (0.2 teeth). The incidence of tooth decay was higher among adolescents who stated they were black/indigenous/brown (OR = 1.76), lived in crowded households (OR = 2.4), did not regularly visit or had never been to a dentist (OR = 1.9), used public or philanthropic services (OR = 1,8), had smoking habits (OR = 4.1), consumed alcohol (OR = 1.8), perceived their oral health negatively (OR = 5.9 and OR = 1.9) and had toothac in the last six months (OR = 2.0).

Analysis of the interrelationships between factors influencing blood pressure in adults / Análise das inter-relações entre os fatores que influenciam a pressão arterial em adultos

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate the interrelationships between sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical factors associated with high blood pressure in a population of Brazilian adults. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional population-based study conducted with adults were used. In the hypothetical model developed socioeconomic status, fruit and vegetable intake, adiposity and blood pressure were treated as latent variables and age, gender, glycemia, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption and control of arterial hypertension were considered observed variables. Confirmatory factorial analysis was used to construct the latent variables measurement models and the structural equation modeling was used to adjust the final model. RESULTS The study included 808 individuals, with mean age of 44.2 years (± 17.8), 52.7% being female. It verified that age exerted a positive direct effect on blood pressure (β = 0.39), adiposity (β = 0.44), glycemia (β = 0.26) and smoking (β = 0.30). Age had a negative direct effect on physical activity (β=-0.17) and alcohol consumption (β = -0.10). Males were positively associated with blood pressure (β = 0.13), smoking (β = 0.28; p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (β = 0.18). Adiposity had a positive direct effect on blood pressure (β = 0.23) and glycemia (β = 0.16) and alcohol consumption produced a positive effect (β = 0.09) on adiposity. Fruit and vegetable intake had a negative direct effect on blood pressure (β = -0.11), while socioeconomic status had a positive direct effect on fruit and vegetable consumption (β = 0.47). We adjusted the structural model according to the variable medical control of arterial hypertension, which had a negative direct effect on blood pressure (β = -0.10). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that increasing age is associated with increased blood pressure, adiposity, glycemia and smoking, as well as with reduced physical activity and alcohol consumption. Males were associated with increased blood pressure and greater use of alcohol and cigarettes. Higher adiposity indicators were correlated with increased blood pressure and glycemic levels; higher alcohol consumption was associated with increased adiposity. Higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, as well as active control of hypertension were associated with reduced blood pressure. Better socioeconomic status was associated with higher consumption of fruits and vegetables.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Investigar as inter-relações entre fatores sociodemográficos, comportamentais e clínicos associados à elevação da pressão arterial em adultos. MÉTODOS Utilizaram-se dados de um estudo transversal de base populacional. Foi desenvolvido um modelo hipotético em que condição socioeconômica, consumo de frutas e vegetais, adiposidade e pressão arterial foram tratadas como variáveis latentes, e idade, sexo, glicemia, atividade física, tabagismo, consumo de álcool e controle da hipertensão arterial (HA) foram tratadas como variáveis observadas. Utilizou-se a modelagem de equação estrutural para ajustar o modelo final. RESULTADOS Participaram do estudo 808 indivíduos, com idade média de 44,2 anos (DP = 17,8), sendo 52,7% do sexo feminino. Verificou-se que a idade exerceu efeito positivo sobre pressão arterial (β = 0,39), adiposidade (β = 0,44), glicemia (β = 0,26) e tabagismo (β = 0,30), e efeito negativo sobre atividade física (β = -0,17) e consumo de álcool (β = -0,09). O sexo masculino mostrou-se associado positivamente com a pressão arterial (β = 0,13), com o tabagismo (β = 0,28) e com o consumo de bebida alcoólica (β = 0,18). A adiposidade teve efeito positivo sobre a pressão arterial (β = 0,23) e a glicemia (β = 0,16), o consumo de álcool produziu efeito positivo sobre a adiposidade (β = 0,09), o consumo de frutas e vegetais exerceu efeito negativo sobre a pressão arterial (β = -0,11), e a condição socioeconômica teve efeito positivo sobre o consumo de frutas e vegetais (β = 0,47). O modelo estrutural foi ajustado pela variável controle médico da hipertensão, que apresentou efeito negativo sobre a pressão arterial (β = -0,10). CONCLUSÕES Os resultados sugerem que o aumento da idade se associa ao aumento da pressão arterial, adiposidade, glicemia e tabagismo, assim como com a redução da atividade física e consumo de álcool. O sexo masculino associou-se com aumento da pressão arterial e maior uso de bebida alcoólica e cigarros. A adiposidade correlaciona-se ao aumento da pressão arterial e da glicemia, enquanto maior consumo de álcool associa-se com aumento da adiposidade e maior consumo de frutas e vegetais, assim como o controle ativo da hipertensão, correlaciona-se com redução da pressão arterial. A melhor condição socioeconômica mostrou-se associada com maior consumo de frutas e vegetais.

Taurodontism in patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in a Brazilian population: a case control evaluation with panoramic radiographs.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of taurodontism in patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) within a Brazilian population. STUDY DESIGN: The study was designed as an epidemiologic case-control single-center study. Three hundred eighty-eight patients were included: 88 had NSCLP, and 300 comprised the control group. The first and second permanent mandibular molars were included in this study. By using panoramic radiographs, taurodontism was categorized as mesotaurodontism, hypotaurodontism, and hypertaurodontism. RESULTS: Seventy patients (23.3%) from the control group and 36 patients (40.9%) from the case group presented taurodontism (P < .001). In the control group, 108 (9%) teeth showed taurodontism, whereas in the case group with cleft lip and palate (CLP), 64 (18.2%) teeth showed dental anomalies (P < .001). In both groups, most taurodontic teeth presented hypotaurodontism, followed by mesotaurodontism, while hypertaurodontism was found in only two teeth. The probability of taurodontism in patients with cleft lip (CL) was 2.36 (P = .010) times higher compared with those with CLP, whereas the occurrence of taurodontism in patients with cleft palate (CP) was 3.15 (P = .002) times greater than in patients with CLP. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate a close relationship between taurodontism and NSCLP and the possibility of different cleft subphenotypes.

Validity and Reliability of the Oral Health Impact Profile Instrument (OHIP-14) in Adolescents / Validade e Confiabilidade do Instrumento Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) em Adolescentes / Validez y Confiabilidad del Instrumento Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) en Adolescentes

Abstract Oral conditions impact on the individual's health and quality of life. The use of a valid and reliable instrument provides accuracy in the measurement of this impact. This study aimed to assess the evidences of validity and reliability of the Oral Health Impact Profile instrument (OHIP-14) in adolescents. A total of 763 adolescents participated in the study. The OHIP-14, the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) and intraoral examinations were used. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the OHIP-14 showed acceptable adjustment indexes: CFI = 0.957; GFI = 0.959 and RMSEA=0.063. Normative oral health conditions show significant association with OHIP-14 scores. Significant correlation was observed between the total OHIP-14 score and the scores of self-perception of oral health (p < 0.001) and the physical and mental dimensions of the SF-12 (p < 0.001). The Cronbach alpha coefficient was adequate (α = 0.87). OHIP-14 was showed satisfactory validity and reliability, subsiding its use in studies that assess the self-perception of oral health for this population.

Resumo As condições bucais impactam na saúde e na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. O uso de instrumento válido e confiável propicia acurácia na medida desse impacto. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as evidências de validade e confiabilidade do instrumento Oral Heath Impact Profile (OHIP-14) em adolescentes. Participaram do estudo 763 adolescentes. Foram utilizados o OHIP-14, o 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) e exames intrabucais. Na análise fatorial confirmatória, o OHIP-14 apresentou índices de ajustes aceitáveis: CFI = 0,957; GFI = 0,959 e RMSEA=0,063. As condições normativas de saúde bucal apresentaram associação significativa com os escores do OHIP-14. Observou-se correlação significativa do escore total do OHIP-14 com os escores da autopercepção da saúde bucal (p < 0.001) e as dimensões física e mental do SF-12 (p < 0.001). O coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach foi adequado (α = 0,87). O OHIP-14 apresentou validade e confiabilidade satisfatórias, evidência que subsidia a sua utilização em estudos que avaliam a autopercepção da saúde bucal para essa população.

Resumen Las condiciones bucales afectan a la salud y la calidad de vida del individuo. La utilización de un instrumento válido y fiable favorece la precisión en la medición de ese impacto. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las evidencias de validez y confiabilidad del instrumento Oral Heath Impact Profile (OHIP-14) en adolescentes. En el estudio participaron 763 adolescentes. Se utilizaron el OHIP-14, el 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) y el chequeo intrabucal. En el análisis factorial confirmatorio, el OHIP-14 presentó índices de regulación aceptables: CFI = 0,957; GFI = 0,959 y RMSEA = 0,063. Las perceptivas de salud bucal presentaron una asociación significativa con los puntajes del OHIP-14. Se observó una correlación significativa del puntaje total del OHIP-14 con los puntajes de la autopercepción de la salud bucal (p < 0.001) y las dimensiones física y mental de SF-12 (p < 0.001). El coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach fue adecuado (α = 0,87). El OHIP-14 tuvo validez y confiabilidad satisfactorias, lo que posibilita su utilización en estudios que evalúan la autopercepción de esa población sobre la salud bucal.

Impact of oral health on physical and psychosocial dimensions: an analysis using structural equation modeling.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of impact of oral health conditions on physical and psychosocial dimensions among adolescents and to identify factors associated with severity of impact. The impact of oral health status was assessed by the instrument Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The covariates were: socioeconomic status, habits and health care, use of dental services, and normative conditions of oral health. Structural equation modeling was performed, and 15.6% of adolescents reported impact in at least one dimension of the OHIP-14. The dimensions that showed the highest prevalence of impact were psychological distress (11.8%) and physical pain (6.6%). The number of teeth needing dental treatment, number of filled teeth, and CPI significantly affected severity of impact. In this adolescent population, unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were associated with reduced use of dental services, associated in turn with precarious oral health conditions and increased severity of impact.

Periodontal condition of adolescents and associated factors / Condição periodontal de adolescentes e fatores associados

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to describe the periodontal condition of adolescents and identify its potential determinants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional population-based study (n=763) conducted in a city in Northern Minas Gerais. Multistage probability cluster sampling method was used. Trained and calibrated professionals carried out the intraoral examinations and the interviews at the participants' homes. Logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with the periodontal condition. Results: It was found that around 30% of the adolescents presented periodontal changes, being gingival bleeding (14.1%) and dental calculus (14.0%) the most prevalent impairments. Periodontal changes were associated in adolescents who did not attend school (OR=1,9; p=0.031), attended public schools (OR=2,0; p=0.005), never went to the dentist (OR=1,7; p=0,047), used public/philanthropic services (OR=1,7; p=0,002), smoked (OR=1,6; p=0,003), consumed alcohol (OR=1,6; p=0,016) and self-perceived their oral health as too bad/bad (OR=2,4; p=0,032) and regular (OR=1,5; p=0,023). Conclusion: About one-third of adolescents have periodontal changes, which were associated with the type of school and type of dental service they attend, smoking, alcohol consumption and self-perception of oral health.

RESUMO Objetivo: Objetivou-se descrever a condição periodontal entre adolescentes e identificar seus potenciais determinantes. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional (n=763) realizado em município da região norte de Minas Gerais. Adotou-se amostragem probabilística por conglomerado em múltiplos estágios. Profissionais treinados e calibrados realizaram os exames intrabu-cais e entrevistas nos domicílios. Foi utilizado modelo de regressão logística para identificar os fatores associados à condição periodon-tal. Resultados: Verificou-se que 29,5% dos adolescentes apresentaram alterações periodontais, sendo que o sangramento gengival (14,1%) e o cálculo dentário (14,0%) foram os agravos mais prevalentes. As alterações periodontais foram associadas em adolescentes que não estudavam (OR=1,9; p=0.031), que estudavam em escolas públicas (OR=2,0; p=0.005), que nunca foram ao dentista (OR=1,7; p=0,047) utilizaram os serviços públicos/filantrópicos (OR=1,7; p=0,002), que fumavam (OR=1,6; p=0,003), que consumiam bebida alcoólica (OR=1,6; p=0,016) e que autoperceberam auto perceberam sua saúde bucal como péssima/ruim (OR=2,4; p=0,032) e regular (OR=1,5; p=0,023). Conclusão: Cerca de um terço dos adolescentes possui alterações periodontais, que foram associadas ao tipo de escola e ao tipo de serviço odontológico que frequentam, tabagismo, consumo de bebida alcoólica e autopercepção da saúde bucal.

[Access to information on oral hygiene and tooth loss due to caries among adults]. / O acesso à informação sobre higiene bucal e as perdas dentárias por cárie entre adultos.

This study sought to establish the association between tooth loss due to dental caries and variables related to access to information on oral health in adults aged 35-44 years (n = 780) who participated in a large epidemiological study. The dependent variable was total tooth loss due to caries. The independent variables were grouped into blocks: demographic and socio-economic characteristics, use of dental service, access to oral health information (about how to prevent oral problems; oral hygiene; and diet), and behaviors. The analysis was conducted using hierarchical multiple linear regression. The mean number of lost teeth due to caries was 7.03. High numbers of lost teeth were higher among females and older adults; low levels of education; adults who rarely/never received oral hygiene information; those who brushed their teeth once a day or less; and those adults who did not use dental floss (p < 0.05). Adults who rarely/never received oral hygiene information from dental services lost 2.15 more teeth due to caries than those who always/often received such information (p = 0,000). Thus, it is suggested that access to information should be encouraged to contribute to greater equity in oral health.

[The use of dental services among preschool children: a population-based study]. / Uso de serviços odontológicos entre pré-escolares: estudo de base populacional.

The prevalence and factors associated with the use of dental services in a representative, probabilistic, complex sample with two-stage clusters of preschoolers aged 18 to 36 months was estimated. Structured questionnaires were answered by parents/guardians and the preschoolers were assessed by trained and qualified dental surgeons. In the analysis the corrections for the design effect were considered and the magnitudes of the associations based on logistic regression (OR/IC 95%) were estimated. 809 preschool children were evaluated, 15.5% of which had used dental services. Being older (3.27/1.71-6.24), having higher per capita income (2.65/1.50-4.65), having their own house (1.83/104 -3.23), having access to preventive oral health information (5.44/3.00-9.86), flossing (2.75/1.50-5.02) established higher odds of the use of these service. Not having the experience of caries (0.22/0.13- 0.38) and not having basic lesions in soft tissues (0.10/0.01-0.77) reduced these odds. The prevalence of the use of dental services was low, indicating the need for greater provision of such services and the broadening of preventive actions and health promotion and the greater the odds of use among those with better socio-economic conditions suggests inequality.

Qualidade de vida e incapacidade funcional entre idosos cadastrados na estratégia de saúde da família / Quality of life and functional disability among elderly enrolled in the family health strategy

INTRODUÇÃO: O comprometimento da funcionalidade do idoso traz consequências prejudiciais relacionadas à família, comunidade e ao próprio sistema de saúde. OBJETIVO: Estimar a ocorrência da qualidade de vida (QV) ruim entre idosos, além de verificar sua associação com incapacidade funcional, características pessoais, comportamentos de saúde e condições subjetivas de saúde bucal. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico avaliou 361 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, cadastrados nas três Estratégias de Saúde da Família no município de Ibiaí-MG. A QV foi medida pelo WHOQOL-bref e as variáveis independentes foram características pessoais, comportamentos de saúde, condições subjetivas de saúde bucal e incapacidade funcional. Foram feitas regressões logísticas para estimativa dos modelos múltiplos e o modelo final foi ajustado, mantendo-se as variáveis associadas com p<0,05. RESULTADOS: No domínio físico, constatou-se menor chance de QV ruim entre idosos que possuíam hábitos etilistas, e maior chance entre os idosos que faziam uso de medicamento, que relataram percepção ruim/péssima da aparência dos dentes e gengivas e entre aqueles com incapacidade funcional. No domínio psicológico, observou-se menor chance de QV ruim entre homens, e maior chance entre os idosos que relataram percepção da saúde bucal como ruim/péssima e aqueles com incapacidade funcional. No domínio social, obteve-se maior chance de QV ruim entre idosos que relataram percepção ruim/péssima da aparência dos dentes e gengivas e que apresentaram incapacidade funcional. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se alta ocorrência de QV ruim entre idosos e evidenciouse relação entre QV ruim e incapacidade funcional.

INTRODUCTION: The compromise of elderly functionality has harmful consequences to family, community and the health system. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the occurrence of low quality of life (QOL) among elderly, as well as to verify its association with functional disability, personal characteristics, health behaviors and subjective oral health conditions. METHODS: Epidemiological study with 361 elderly individuals aged equal or higher 60 years registered in the three Family Health Units from the city of Ibiaí-MG. QOL was measured by the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire and the independent variables were personal characteristics, health behaviors, subjective oral health conditions and functional disability. Logistic regressions were made to estimate the multiple models and the final model was adjusted, maintaining the variables associated with p <0.05. RESULTS: In the physical domain, there was a lower chance of low QOL among elderly consuming alcohol, and a higher chance among those using medication, who reported bad/terrible perception of teeth and gums appearance and among those with functional disability. In the psychological domain, there was a lower chance of low QOL among men, and a higher chance among elderly who reported bad/terrible perception of oral health and those with functional disability. In the social domain, there was a higher chance of low QOL among the elderly who reported bad/terrible perception of the teeth and gums appearance and who presented functional disability. CONCLUSION: There was a high occurrence of low QOL among elderly and the relation between low QOL and functional disability was evidenced.