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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Visual shade selection in dentistry may be influenced by factors that include the background color and the illuminant. PURPOSE: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the influence of using a gray background and a light-correcting device on visual shade selection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two experienced clinicians assessed the incisor color of 30 volunteers using the VITA 3D-MASTER shade guide. Visual analyses were carried out using or not (control) a gray background, with and without (control) a light-correcting device (Smile Lite). Furthermore, the use of a polarizing filter was evaluated. Data from a clinical spectrophotometer were defined as the standard instrumental analysis. The agreement and the similarity (based on the whitening indexes of tabs) were evaluated between instrumental and visual analyses. Statistical testing was conducted through ordinal logistic regression and repeated-measures ANOVA. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to confirm the data distribution, and homogeneity of variance was assessed with the Levene test (α=.05) RESULTS: The use of Smile Lite resulted in lighter tabs than indicated by the instrumental analysis, and the opposite was observed in its absence. The polarizing filter did not affect the results (P>.05). For similarity, the illuminant improved the results (P<.001). The gray background reduced the differences between visual and instrumental analysis only in the absence of the Smile Lite (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: The color similarity between visual and instrumental analysis improved with the use of a light-correcting device with or without a polarization filter. A gray background was useful only without the light-correcting device.
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BACKGROUND: Light-cured resins are widely used as gingival barriers to protect the gums from highly concentrated peroxides used in tooth bleaching. The impact of barrier brand on clinical outcomes is typically considered negligible. However, there is limited evidence on the effects of different brands on operator experience, barrier adaptation, and patient comfort. OBJECTIVE: This clinical trial assessed the impact of four commercial gingival barrier brands (Opaldam, Topdam, Lysadam, and Maxdam) on operator perception, adaptation quality, and patient comfort. METHODS: Twenty-one undergraduate students placed gingival barriers in a randomized sequence using blinded syringes. Photographs of the barriers were taken from frontal and incisal perspectives. After bleaching procedures, operators rated handling features and safety using Likert scale forms. Two experienced evaluators independently assessed barrier adaptation quality on a scale from 1 (perfect) to 5 (unacceptable). The absolute risk of barrier-induced discomfort was recorded. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Chi-square tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Opaldam and Topdam received the highest scores in most handling features, except for removal, which was similar among all brands. No significant difference was observed in barrier adaptation quality between the evaluated brands. Discomforts were mainly reported in the upper dental arch, with Maxdam having the highest absolute risk (35% for this arch and 24% overall). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that gingival barrier brands can influence operator perception and patient comfort. Opaldam and Topdam were preferred by operators, but all brands demonstrated comparable adaptation quality. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was nested in a randomized clinical trial registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry under identification number RBR-9gtr9sc.
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Sensibilidade da Dentina , Clareadores Dentários , Clareamento Dental , Dente , Humanos , Sensibilidade da Dentina/induzido quimicamente , Sensibilidade da Dentina/prevenção & controle , Sensibilidade da Dentina/tratamento farmacológico , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Conforto do Paciente , Percepção , Clareamento Dental/efeitos adversos , Clareadores Dentários/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the restorative time required and the internal adaptation after thermomechanical aging of class I restorations using either the conventional incremental technique or bulk-fill technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cavities (Class I) were prepared on the occlusal surface of human third molars. 40 teeth were divided into four experimental groups according to the restorative technique (n = 10): G1 = 3 mm increment of Surefill SDR Flow + 1 mm Filtek P60; G2 = 3 mm increment of Filtek Bulk-Fill + 1 mm Filtek P60; G3 = Filtek P60 inserted with incremental technique; G4 = 3 mm increment of Filtek Z350 Flow XT + 1 mm increment of Filtek P60. The required restorative clinical time for each technique was marked. Specimens were submitted to thermomechanical loading (20,000 mechanical cycles-80 N/thermal cycling-5/55°C for 30 seconds). After, samples were sectioned, ratio of internal gaps to interface length (%) was recorded using dye-staining-gap technique. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (95% significance). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in gap formation and none of the groups was completely gap-free. However, a significant reduction on required restorative clinical time was observed for G1 (167 ± 7 seconds), G2 (169 ± 4 seconds), and G4 (169 ± 8 seconds) when compared with G3 (204 ± 8 seconds). CONCLUSION: No significant difference in gap formation was found among bulk-fill and conventional incremental restorative technique tested; however, the use of a bulk-fill composite reduced 20% of the required restorative clinical time. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: None of the restorative techniques applied were able to prevent internal gap formation. The use of bulk-fill composite reduced the required clinical time to perform class I restorations.
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Resinas Compostas/química , Adaptação Marginal Dentária , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Preparo da Cavidade Dentária , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: This study evaluated the surface texture and optical properties of two self-adhering composites and a nanofilled composite before and after toothbrush abrasion. Vertise Flow (Kerr), Fusio Liquid (Pentron Clinical) and Filtek Z350 XT (3M ESPE) composites were divided into 3 groups (n = 6). Disks of 12 mm diameter and 2 mm thick were made. All materials were light-cured with a LED light source for 40 seconds. Analyses of surface roughness, gloss retention and color stability were performed 24 hours after light curing and after 20,000 brushing cycles. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α = 5%). RESULTS: Tukey's test ascertained that toothbrush abrasion resulted in rougher and matte surfaces for all composites tested. Filtek Z350 presented better gloss retention after abrasion. On surface roughness evaluation, there was no statistical difference between Fusio Liquid Dentin and Filtek Z350 resins (p > 0.05). Vertise Flow resin showed better color stability (ΔE), than the other two materials. CONCLUSION: Nanofilled material presented better gloss retention but it did not produce the best results in aspects related to surface roughness and color stability compared to self-adhering composites. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A simulation of degradation process by using toothbrush abrasion produced a rougher and matte surface in all composites tested. The surface texture was not only related to filler's amount present in materials, but also with the organic matrix composition of them. The results suggested that the constant development of new materials, seeking for a technical simplification, seems an innovative attraction for dentist's clinical routine, even though larger studies are necessary to promote to everyone a better understanding and improvement of action and effectiveness of this new class of materials.
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Resinas Compostas , Lâmpadas de Polimerização Dentária , Dentina , Escovação Dentária , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of supportive periodontal treatment (SPT) on peri-implant disease prevention. A total of 63 rehabilitated patients with 504 implants were selected with both maxillary and mandibular Brånemark-type protocols (all-on-four system) placed between 2004 and 2014 in a private practice with 5 to 15 years of follow-up. Study participants were divided into those who adhered to SPT with regular intervals of two or more times a year (Group 1) and those with irregular intervals with more than 1 year without attending SPT (Group 2). The implants placed were evaluated clinically and radiographically to assess peri-implant diseases. The prevalence of mucositis and peri-implantitis in the total population was 64.7% (326 implants) and 3.7% (19 implants), respectively. Group 2 had higher rates of mucositis (181 implants) and peri-implantitis (16 implants) than Group 1 (145 and 3 implants, respectively) (P < .05). The odds ratio for peri-implantitis in Group 2 was 7.1. The results suggest that patients who regularly received SPT had lower chances of developing peri-implant diseases.
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Implantes Dentários , Mucosite , Peri-Implantite , Humanos , Peri-Implantite/prevenção & controle , Peri-Implantite/epidemiologia , Mucosite/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , PrevalênciaRESUMO
Through the use of the application of a mathematical proportion and a digital golden ratio compass associated with computer software, Digital Smile Planning (DSP) can assist clinicians to achieve the fundamentals of esthetic treatment. The present clinical report describes the application of this technique to propose an alternative and more conservative treatment for a patient who refused the option of orthognathic surgery. To address the diagnosis of a gingival smile with vertical maxillary excess, the alternative treatment comprised crown lengthening surgery, ceramic veneers on the maxillary teeth, and the application of botulinum toxin to reduce lip hyperactivity. Considering the successful resolution of the patient's situation from the perspective of both the dentist and the patient, the application of DSP was considered to be useful to achieve predictable harmony between the face and the dental structures.
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Estética Dentária , Sorriso , Cerâmica , Gengiva/cirurgia , HumanosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of organosilane content on the physicochemical properties of model composites formulated with nano-sized fillers. METHODS: Model composites were formulated with dimethacrylate-based monomers, a photoinitiator/co-initiator system and silicon dioxide nano-sized fillers treated with different amounts of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS): 1.0 (G1%), 2.0 (G2%), 5.0 (G5%), 7.5 (G7.5%) and 10 (G10%) wt.% relative to SiO2. Non-silanized fillers (G0%) were used in the control group. Degree of conversion (DC) was assessed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Knoop hardness (KHN) and elastic modulus were determined before and after water storage for 4 months. Water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl) were calculated by successive mass determinations in analytical balance. Surface gloss and roughness were characterized before and after toothbrushing simulation. RESULTS: With the exception of those fillers treated with 1% MPTS, DC was not dependent on the silane content. Within the silanized groups, G1% showed the lowest initial and final KHN, without statistical difference from G0%. The elastic modulus was not affected by the silane content, regardless of the storage condition, but those groups formulated with at least 5% silane presented improved values after storage. Silane content did not affect the WSl, but affected Wsp, in which those groups formulated with at least 2 wt.% of MPTS produced a more resistant material than G0%. The use of treated particles with at least 2 wt.% of silane was able to produce materials that did not change their gloss after the brushing process. Additionally, these materials presented lower surface roughness than G0% after the brushing process (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE: The concentration of MPTS affected the physicochemical properties of nano-filled composites. Therefore, 2 wt.% of silane was the optimized quantity to produce materials resistant to degradation, both in bulk and surface properties.
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Silanos , Dióxido de Silício , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato , Resinas Compostas , Teste de Materiais , Metacrilatos , Polietilenoglicóis , Ácidos Polimetacrílicos , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
This study determined the effect of thiourethane-functionalized fillers (TU) on the antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity, degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl) of experimental composites. TU-modified fillers were added at different ratios in experimental composites: 0 (Control-TU0), 25% (TU25), 50% (TU50), 75% (TU75) and 100wt% (TU100). The antimicrobial properties were detected through the exhaustion test and counting of Streptococus mutans colonies for biofilm formation. Cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblasts was evaluated in three different parameters: XTT (2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide), NRU (Neutral Red Uptake assay) and CVDE (Crystal Violet Dye Exclusion test)) at the same cells. ELISA was used to measure the IL-6 and b-FGF biomarkers. DC was determined by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, while Wsp and Wsl by mass variations. Inhibitory capacity of biofilm formation was not observed for any material. All groups presented at least 70% of cell survival within the observed periods (24h and 7 days). Positive control (toxic) had high IL-6 values and low b-FGF values. No significant variations in DC, Wsp, and Wsl were observed among the experimental groups. The use of thiourethane did not present antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity and the tested materials presented equivalent properties to those conventionally used in dentistry.
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Resinas Compostas , Água , Resinas Compostas/toxicidade , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , SolubilidadeRESUMO
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different incremental insertion techniques, photoactivation, and restorative phases on thermal variations occurring during the polymerization of Filtek Z250 composite resin. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted using 90 bovine incisor teeth. The teeth were randomly assigned to three groups according to the technique used for photoactivation with a halogen light (continuous, soft-start, or intermittent). The groups were further separated into three subgroups according to method of increment placement (bulk, oblique, or horizontal/vertical) for a total of nine groups (n=10). Restorations were placed in a controlled environment (37 masculineC and 50+/-10% RU) and the temperature recorded using a digital thermometer coupled to a Type-K thermocouple inserted in the pulp chamber through the root canal in contact with the dentin. Data were analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's test. RESULTS: Higher temperature values were found for continuous light photoactivation in combination with the placement of horizontal/vertical composite increments and photoactivation of the adhesive using a continuous light exposure. CONCLUSION: The light source is the most important factor producing temperature changes during photoactivation of resin composite. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Temperature increases in the pulp chamber due to light curing should be considered to avoid harming the delicate pulp tissue when large restorations or inlays/onlays require several consecutive light curing exposures for a complete cure.
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Temperatura Corporal , Polpa Dentária/fisiologia , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Cura Luminosa de Adesivos Dentários/métodos , Animais , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato/efeitos da radiação , Bovinos , Resinas Compostas/efeitos da radiação , Lâmpadas de Polimerização Dentária , Halogênios , Distribuição Aleatória , Cimentos de Resina/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Investigate antimicrobial properties and surface texture of model composites with different concentration and alkyl chain length of quaternary ammonium monomers (QAS). METHODS: Monomers derived from QAS salts with alkyl chain lengths of 12 carbons ((dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate) DMADDM) and 16 carbons (dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate-DMAHDM) were obtained from the reactions of their respective organo-halides with the tertiary amine 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). DMADDM and DMAHDM were incorporated into model composite in concentrations of 5 or 10%, resulting the following groups: G12.5 (DMADDM 5%), G12.10 (DMADDM 10%), G16.5 (DMAHDM 5%), G16.10 (DMAHDM 10%) and GC (control). Biofilm viability, lactic acid production and surface roughness were analysed 24h after samples preparation (initial), repeated after toothbrush abrasion and after polishing simulation. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (p≤0.05). RESULTS: The longer the molecular chain size of QAS and the higher its concentration (G16.10), the lower was the viability and the production of lactic acid by the biofilm. No differences were detected in initial roughness' measurements among groups. However, after abrasion, there was an increase of biofilm viability and lactic acid production. Composites containing QAS presented rougher surfaces compared to the CG. After polishing, biofilm viability and surface roughness were statistically similar for all groups. Nevertheless, DMAHDM at 10% showed reduction in lactic acid production. SIGNIFICANCE: Chain length and concentration of QAS influenced biofilm development and production of lactic acid. Longer chains and higher concentrations of QAS promoted better antimicrobial properties. Changes in surface texture caused by abrasion, decreased antibiofilm properties.
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Antibacterianos , Biofilmes , Metacrilatos , Compostos de Amônio , Viabilidade Microbiana , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
The aim of this investigation was to verify the influence of 3 light curing units on the degree of conversion, using different irradiation conditions: 1) manufacturers' recommended times of photo-activation, 2) standardizing total energy density among the units and 3) standardizing energy density at the 450-490 nm wavelength range among the units and the effect of these irradiation conditions on the post-cure. Three light curing units were used: halogen, light emitting diodes (LED) and xenon plasma. Seven groups were tested (n=6). Twenty-four hours after the photo-activation procedures, half of the composite specimens were submitted to Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The other half was analyzed after 1 month. The results were submitted to 2-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). Twenty-four hour analysis revealed that the second set of irradiation conditions produced a similar degree of conversion among the LCUs. After 1 month, the conversion values were statistically higher for 20 seconds of halogen exposure (increased from 46.78 to 49.66%), 20 seconds of LED exposure (from 46.20 to 51.15%), 30 seconds of LED exposure (from 48.29% to 50.68%) and 3 seconds of PAC exposure (from 42.57 to 51.39%). The initial degree of conversion and post-cure depended on the photo-activation condition applied.
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Resinas Compostas/química , Materiais Dentários/química , Resinas Compostas/efeitos da radiação , Materiais Dentários/efeitos da radiação , Humanos , Luz , Iluminação/instrumentação , Teste de Materiais , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/efeitos da radiação , Doses de Radiação , Radiometria , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Análise Espectral , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Abstract This study determined the effect of thiourethane-functionalized fillers (TU) on the antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity, degree of conversion (DC), water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl) of experimental composites. TU-modified fillers were added at different ratios in experimental composites: 0 (Control-TU0), 25% (TU25), 50% (TU50), 75% (TU75) and 100wt% (TU100). The antimicrobial properties were detected through the exhaustion test and counting of Streptococus mutans colonies for biofilm formation. Cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblasts was evaluated in three different parameters: XTT (2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide), NRU (Neutral Red Uptake assay) and CVDE (Crystal Violet Dye Exclusion test)) at the same cells. ELISA was used to measure the IL-6 and b-FGF biomarkers. DC was determined by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, while Wsp and Wsl by mass variations. Inhibitory capacity of biofilm formation was not observed for any material. All groups presented at least 70% of cell survival within the observed periods (24h and 7 days). Positive control (toxic) had high IL-6 values and low b-FGF values. No significant variations in DC, Wsp, and Wsl were observed among the experimental groups. The use of thiourethane did not present antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity and the tested materials presented equivalent properties to those conventionally used in dentistry.
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Humanos , Água , Resinas Compostas/toxicidade , Solubilidade , Teste de MateriaisRESUMO
This study verifies whether there is any temperature change during photoactivation of two resin composites (Filtek Z250 and Filtek Flow) with three different light curing methods (conventional halogen light curing unit, light emitting diodes curing unit and xenon plasma arc curing unit) and the relationship of temperature change with resin composite hardness. A type-K thermocouple registered the temperature rise peak in an elastomer mold during photoactivation. After photoactivation, the specimens were submitted to Knoop hardness test performed by an indenter (HMV-2000) under a load of 50g for 15 seconds. Both the temperature change data and results of the Knoop hardness test were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test at the 5% significance level. No statistical differences in temperature rise were recorded for the different composites following processing by light curing unit (p>0.05). The conventional halogen source produced statistically higher temperatures (p<0.05) than the other units. The plasma arc source promoted statistically lower (p<0.05) Knoop hardness values and temperature changes than the other light curing units.
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Resinas Compostas/química , Iluminação/métodos , Resinas Compostas/efeitos da radiação , Dureza , Humanos , Luz , Iluminação/instrumentação , Teste de Materiais , Estresse Mecânico , Propriedades de Superfície , Temperatura , TermômetrosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to determine the physicochemical properties of experimental adhesive resins containing hydroxyethyl acrylamide. METHODS: Three groups of experimental resin were formulated, GHEAA33% (33.3wt% HEAA+66.6wt% BisGMA), GHEAA50% (50wt% HEAA+50wt% BisGMA), and GHEAA-FREE (33.3wt% HEMA+66.6wt% of BisGMA). The polymerization process of each adhesive resin group, as well as for the homopolymers, BisGMA, HEMA, HEAA, HEMA* without EDAB, and HEAA* without EDAB, was characterized through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Elution of monomers was evaluated by (1)H NMR. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used to collect the glass transition temperature (Tg), the storage modulus (E') and the reticulation degree (ρ). Flexural strength was calculated by three-point bending test with 0.75mm/min. Softening in solvent was calculated through hardness before and after immersion in water or ethanol. RESULTS: GHEAA50%, GHEAA33%, GHEAA-FREE presented higher polymerization rate ( [Formula: see text] , 12.3 and 5.3mmolg(-1)s(-1), respectively) than homopolymers HEMA, HEMA* and HEAA*. Group with HEAA presented higher degree of conversion (GHEAA50%=64.07%>GHEAA33%=55.82%>GHEAA-FREE=49.02%; p=0.008) All groups presented low elution of monomers (p>0.05). The values of E' were higher on GHEAA33% than GHEAA-FREE (p=0.034). Tg and flexural strength values of GHEAA-FREE were higher than acrylamide groups (p=0.022 and p<0.001, respectively). Hardness varied from 27.05 to 34.78 for water and from 63.27 to 68.51 for ethanol with no difference for ρ values. SIGNIFICANCE: The addition of HEAA increased the materials reactivity and, consequently, improved the maximum rate of polymerization, degree of conversion and the storage modulus of experimental adhesive resin.
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Acrilamida/química , Bis-Fenol A-Glicidil Metacrilato/química , Cimentos Dentários/química , Metacrilatos/química , Resinas Sintéticas/química , Cânfora/análogos & derivados , Cânfora/química , Módulo de Elasticidade , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Polimerização , Temperatura , Viscosidade , para-Aminobenzoatos/químicaRESUMO
Introdução: A camada superficial de resina composta não polimerizada, em função da presença do oxigênio, ocasiona problemas clínicos, como alteração de cor por absorção de pigmentos. Objetivo: Determinar o efeito de diferentes técnicas usadas no controle da formação da camada de dispersão sobre as propriedades ópticas de uma resina composta comercial. Material e método: Espécimes foram produzidos com a resina composta Estelite Sigma. A fotoativação foi conduzida com uma fonte de luz LED Bluephase G2 (1.200 mW/cm2 por 40 s). Os grupos foram determinados em função de três técnicas distintas: 1) sem tratamento (controle); 2) fotoativação com gel de glicerina; 3) polimento com lixa abrasiva após a fotoativação. A estabilidade de cor (ΔE) e o parâmetro de translucidez foram determinados pelo método de espectroscopia de reflectância (Easyshade Compac, Vita) empregando o parâmetro CIELab. As análises foram realizadas imediatamente após a fotoativação e repetidas após 7 dias de armazenamento em água ou em café. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). Resultado: Não houve diferença para ΔE nos grupos envelhecidos em água. Quando armazenados em café, o grupo controle apresentou o maior valor de ΔE, enquanto o grupo polido gerou a menor alteração de cor. A aplicação do gel de glicerina produziu resultados intermediários. O parâmetro de translucidez não foi afetado pelos tratamentos testados. Conclusão: O uso do gel de glicerina minimiza a alteração de cor nas regiões de difícil acesso aos instrumentos de acabamento e de polimento.
Introduction: The resin composite superficial layer not polymerized due to the presence of oxygen leads to clinical problems as color alteration by the absorption of pigments. Objective: Evaluate the effect of different techniques to control the formation of the composite resin dispersion layer on the optical properties of a commercial composite. Material and method Resin composite Estelite Sigma specimens were made. The specimens were light-cured with the LED Bluephase G2 device (1200 mW/cm2 - 40 s). The groups were determined according to three different techniques: 1) no treatment (control); 2) light-curing through a glycerin gel layer on the surface; 3) polishing with abrasive discs after light-curing. The color stability (ΔE) and the translucency parameter were determined by the spectroscopy method (Easyshade Compact Vita) as a function of the CIELab parameter. The analyzes were performed immediately after photoactivation and repeated after 7 days of storage in water or 7 days in coffee. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05). Result : No difference was found for ΔE in groups aged in water. When stored in coffee, the control group had the highest value of ΔE while the polished group generated the lowest color change. The glycerin gel groups promoted intermediated results. The translucency parameter was not affected by the treatments tested. Conclusion: The glycerin-based gel layer minimizes the color change in those regions that the finishing and polishing instruments are difficult to access.
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Pigmentos Biológicos , Cor , Resinas Compostas , Materiais Dentários , Água , CaféRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the degradation resistance of three new formulations-silorane-, Ormocer- and dimer-acid-based materials-and compare them to the traditional dimethacrylate-based materials. One silorane- (Filtek P90, P90), one Ormocer- (Ceram-X, CX), one dimer-acid- (N'Durance, ND) and two dimethacrylate-based (Filtek P60, P60; Tetric Ceram, TC) materials were investigated. Water sorption (Wsp) and solubility (Wsl) were determined after the materials were immersed in water for 28 days. Knoop hardness (KH) was determined before and after 24 h immersion in pure ethanol. The flexural-strength (FS) was determined by the bending test after one-week storage in a dry environment or after one-week immersion in pure ethanol. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (95%). The three new formulations showed lower Wsp than the dimethacrylate-based formulation. CX (0.50 ± 0.17%) and ND (0.72 ± 0.19%) exhibited the lowest Wsp, whereas P90 (0.02 ± 0.03%) and P60 (0.04 ± 0.03%) showed the lowest Wsl. All resins showed reduced Knoop hardness number (KHN) after ethanol immersion. P60 presented the lowest decrease in KH value (19 ± 5%). TC (48 ± 3%) and P90 (39 ± 9%) showed the highest KHN decrease after ethanol storage. The FS of CX, ND and TC were affected by ethanol storage. The new formulations did not improve the degradation resistance, as compared with the traditional methacrylate-based materials.
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Resinas Compostas/química , Metacrilatos/química , Cerâmicas Modificadas Organicamente/química , Resinas de Silorano/química , Análise de Variância , Etanol/química , Testes de Dureza , Imersão , Teste de Materiais , Polimerização , Solubilidade , Propriedades de Superfície , Fatores de Tempo , Água/químicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the influence of matrix and filler content on degradation resistance of an experimental pure-ormocer and an dimethacrylate-based composite derived from a commercially available material. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A dimethacrylate- Grandio (GR) and a model pure ormocer-based-matrix ORMOCER (ORM) were used. Each material had three different types according to their filler content (% w/w): regular (87% and 86%), flowable (80% and 79%) and fissure sealer (70% and 69%) for GR and ORM respectively. Disc-shaped (1 mm thickness×10 mm diameter) samples were prepared for each material (n=6). Water sorption and solubility tests were adapted from ISO4049. To evaluate porosity, specimens were scanned at a resolution of 19.4 µm and 3D reconstructions were made. The volume ratio of pores in the specimens were calculated and expressed as percentages. The results were submitted to 2-way ANOVA (factors: matrix and filler content) and Tukey post-hoc statistic test (p=0.05). RESULTS: Filler content influenced the water sorption for the ormocer-matrix and the water solubility for the dimethacrylates. ORMOCER regular was a less porous material compared to flowable and sealer formulations. On the other hand, the filler content had no effect on porosity for Grandio. CONCLUSION: Modifications made in the pure ormocer-matrix formulation were not significantly important to produce a more water-stable material compared to the dimethacrylate-matrix composite materials.
Assuntos
Cerâmica/química , Resinas Compostas/química , Hidrólise , Absorção , Análise de Variância , Teste de Materiais , Cerâmicas Modificadas Organicamente , Tamanho da Partícula , Selantes de Fossas e Fissuras , Porosidade , Silanos/química , Solubilidade , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , ÁguaRESUMO
Apesar de benéfico, o tratamento odontológico pode gerar ansiedade para o paciente e para o cirurgião-dentista. Se verificada além de um limite aceitável, a ansiedade pode impedir que o paciente se submeta ao tratamento, comprometendo sua qualidade de vida. Diante da relevância do assunto, objetivou-se avaliar o perfil dos pa¬cientes atendidos nas clínicas odontológicas de uma instituição de ensino e seu nível de ansiedade diante do tratamento odontológico. Foram entrevistados 133 pacientes em tratamento nas clínicas integradas e do mestrado da Universidade Veiga de Almeida, entre março e outubro de 2015. Os pacientes responderam a um questionário com dados socioeconômicos e questões específicas para a identificação do grau de ansiedade ao tratamento odontológico, utilizando a escala DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale). A amostra foi composta de maneira equivalente por homens e mulheres, a maioria tinha mais que 45 anos (51,1%), com renda de até 5 salários mínimos (66,9%) e com grau de instrução superior (56,4%). Embora 88,7% tenham relatado algum nível de an¬siedade, este foi considerado baixo. Não houve diferença estatística entre o grau de ansiedade de homens e mul¬heres (p=0,458). Não se observou associação entre idade, gênero, renda, grau de instrução, frequência de ida ao dentista e o nível de ansiedade (p>0,05). Houve uma associação significativa (p=0,015) entre procedimentos que incomodam durante a consulta, como a alta rotação e a anestesia, e os níveis de ansiedade observados. Pode-se concluir que o nível de ansiedade dos pacientes atendidos foi considerado baixo; entretanto mostrou uma associação positiva com procedimentos como a alta rotação e a anestesia
Despite the fact that it is beneficial, dental treatment can cause anxiety for the patient and the dentist. If verified beyond an acceptable limit, anxiety can prevent the patient to undergo treatment, compromising his quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of patients treated in dental clinics of a teaching institution and their integrated and master's degree clinics from University Veiga de Almeida were interviewed between March and October 2015. The patients answered a questionnaire with socio-economic data and questions to identify the degree of anxiety to dental treatment, using the scale DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale). The sample in¬cluded male (50.4%) aged more than 45 years (51.1%), with income of up to 5 minimum wages (66.9%) and higher level of education (56.4%). Although 88.7% have reported some level of anxiety, this was considered low. There was no statistical difference between the degree of anxiety of men and women (p=0.458). No as¬sociation was found between age, gender, income, level of education, frequency of dental visits and the level of anxiety (p> 0.05). There was a significant association (p = 0.015) between procedures that bother during dental visit, such as high-speed air turbine and anesthesia, and observed anxiety levels. It can be concluded that the level of anxiety of patients was considered low; however, it showed a positive association with procedures such as high-speed air turbine and anesthesia
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estresse Psicológico , Assistência Odontológica , Ansiedade ao Tratamento OdontológicoRESUMO
Objetivo: identificar o perfil de formação e atendimento de cirurgiões dentistas (CDs) e procurar compreender qual a conduta prestada por esses profissionais em relação ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento das lesões cervicais não cariosas (LCNCs). Sujeitos e método: um questionário foi disponibilizado e enviado para CDs com o cadastro atualizado na base de dados do Conselho Regional de Odontologia do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva e o teste de Qi-Quadrado com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: a maioria dos CDs procura fazer distinção entre as diferentes formas de LCNCs (76,5%), porém não usa método auxiliar (83,2%) e não possui questionário específico (59,7%). Para 40,3% dos CDs, a etiologia das LCNCs é unifatorial ou não soube responder. A maioria faz uso de isolamento relativo (65,6%) e utiliza técnicas de retração/afastamento gengival (83,2%). O sistema adesivo convencional de dois passos (63%) e a resina composta do tipo híbrida/micro-híbrida (52,1%) são os materiais mais utilizados. Com relação à longevidade das restaurações, apenas 17,6% dos CDs acreditam na duração por um período acima de 5 anos. Com relação às associações, houve relação entre a forma de remuneração e o uso/método de isolamento (p = 0,004) e entre a forma de remuneração e o uso de técnicas de retração/afastamento gengival (p = 0,005). Conclusões: os CDs não possuem um protocolo preestabelecido para correto diagnóstico de LCNCs. A forma de remuneração influencia no uso do isolamento para o tratamento restaurador. O sistema adesivo convencional de dois passos é o mais utilizado pelos CDs.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate: (i) the absorption of photo-initiators and emission spectra of light curing units (LCUs); and (ii) the degree of conversion (DC) of experimental composites formulated with different photo-initiators when activated by different LCUs. Blends of BisGMA, UDMA, BisEMA and TEGDMA with camphorquinone (CQ) and/ or 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione (PPD) were prepared. Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) was used as co-initiator. Each mixture was loaded with 65 wt% of silanated filler particles. One quartz-tungsten-halogen - QTH (XL 2500, 3M/ESPE) and two lightemitting diode (LED) LCUs (UltraBlue IS, DMC and UltraLume LED 5, Ultradent) were used for activation procedures. Irradiance (mW/cm²) was calculated by the ratio of the output power by the area of the tip, and spectral distribution with a spectrometer (USB 2000). The absorption curve of each photo-initiator was determined using a spectrophotometer (Varian Cary 5G). DC was assessed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). No significant difference was found for DC values when using LED LCUs regardless of the photo-initiator type. However, PPD showed significantly lower DC values than composites with CQ when irradiated with QTH. PPD produced DC values similar to those of CQ, but it was dependent on the LCU type.