[Impact of comprehensive health education on oral care knowledge, attitude and practice in the elderly in long-term care institutions].

PURPOSE: To assess the impact of comprehensive health education on oral care knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of the elderly in the long-term care institutions and to provide references for oral health education among the elder people. METHODS: Elder people from 2 nursing centers in Wuhan were selected. The follow-up period was 6 months. Questionnaires were used to collect social-demographic characteristics and oral care KAP data at baseline, the third month and the sixth month, respectively. Comprehensive health education, toothpaste and toothbrushes were provided at baseline and the third month. The changes of oral care KAP were observed before and after interventions. SPSS21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 144 subjects with a mean age of (72.43±9.41) years completed the study after 6 months. At baseline, the KAP scores were (28.57±19.19), (70.66±21.99) and (39.86±24.18), respectively. At the sixth month, the KAP scores were (91.06±9.55), (95.31±10.23) and (90.00±13.38), respectively and significant improvements were observed (F=913.714, P＜0.001; F=114.042, P＜0.001; F=349.887, P＜0.001). Oral care knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, attitude and practice were positively correlated（ß=0.173, P=0.038; ß=0.269, P=0.001; ß=0.197, P=0.018）. Social-demographic characteristics had no significant effect on KAP scores (P＞0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term care institutions should strengthen oral health education and improve oral care KAP, oral health status and oral health-related quality of life of the elder people.

[Long-term results of dual anti-collagen membrane in guided tissue regeneration].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term clinical effect of dual anti-collagen membranes in guided tissue regeneration (GTR). METHODS: This randomized clinical trial included 26 teeth in 24 patients, presenting a total of 31 lesions consisting of intrabony defects and furcation defects. Twenty-six teeth were divided into two groups and treated by GTR with dual anti-collagen membranes and atelocollagen membranes, respectively. At baseline, 6 months, 1, 3 and 6 years, the following parameters were recorded: clinical attachment level, probing depth, gingival recession and the quantity of alveolar bone analyzed by computer assisted densitometry image analysis (CADIA). RESULTS: At 1 year after GTR surgery, the gain of clinical attachment in dual anti-collagen membranes group was (3.93 ± 1.74) mm, compared with (2.25 ± 1.90) mm in atelocollagen group (P = 0.044). The increasing of the value of CADIA in dual anti-collagen membrane and atelocollagen group were (53.14 ± 21.35) and (32.96 ± 17.97), P = 0.031. At 3 and 6 years, clinical parameters remained basically stable in both groups, compared to that at 1 year after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The regeneration of periodontal tissues obtained by GTR with dual anti-collagen membranes could be maintained on a long-term basis.

[Establishment and application of an intact natural model of human dental plaque biofilm].

PURPOSE: Human dental plaque is implicated in a number of oral diseases. Collection of its undisturbed intact structure facilitates observing the formation and the effect of treatment. This study established a model in vivo to collect intact natural dental plaque biofilm, and observed the features and evaluated the immediate penetration and bactericidal effect of an essential oil (EO) mouthrinse on it at different periods. METHODS: Three 500 microm wide grooves were cut into hydroxyapatite (HA) discs. The discs were worn by six volunteers for 6, 24 and 48 hours, then broken into halves, one served as control, while the other received a one-minute extra-oral EO mouthrinse treatment. 5, 15 and 30 minutes later, the plaque was visualized with a vitality staining technique to observe the sustained changes of biofilm structure in situ and the effect of EO on intact biofilm. The biofilm thickness and fluorescent density of vital and total bacteria were obtained through diagram analysis, assessing the percentage of thickness and fluorescent density of vital to total bacteria. All data analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0 software package. One-way ANOVA and Student-Neuman-Keuls tests were used. RESULTS: The thickness of 6h, 24h and 48 h biofilm was (11.92 + or - 4.63) microm, (18.63 + or - 4.66)microm, (27.55 + or - 6.35) microm, respectively, which increased significantly within 48 hours (P<0.05), especially those within 6 hours. The percentages of thickness and fluorescent density of vital to total bacteria at different periods showed no significant changes (P>0.05). For 6-hour samples, plaque vitality for thickness and fluorescent density decreased significantly within 5 minutes after exposure to the EO (P<0.05). Meanwhile, for 24, 48-hour samples, plaque vitality decreased significantly within 15 minutes (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study successfully establishes a model for collecting natural undisturbed plaque biofilm in situ, showing the changes constantly within 48 hours. EO mouthrinse has an immediate penetration and antimicrobial effect on the sustained dental plaque biofilm, especially 15 minutes later.

[Construction and identification of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-B adenoviral vector and transfection into periodontal ligament stem cells].

OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) adenoviral vector and to transfect it into human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). METHODS: The recombinant plasmid pAd-PDGF-B was constructed by homologous recombination and confirmed by restriction endonucleases digestion. Recombinant adenovirus was packaged in HEK293 cells. PDLSC were transfected with recombinant adenovirus and PDGF-B expression was confirmed. Expression of collagen type I gene was determined by quantitative analysis of the products of RT-PCR. The cell proliferation was determined with MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS: The recombinant plasmid pAd-PDGF-B was confirmed by restriction endonucleases digestion. EGFP expression was observed on the third day after transfecting, and the expression of PDGF-B was detected. Immunohistochemical methods revealed that PDGF-B was expressed in PDLSC. Levels of expression of collagen type I gene were increased significantly by transfer of the exogenous PDGF-B gene to PDLSC. At the same time, findings indicated that Ad-PDGF-B stimulated PDLSC proliferation. MTT assay indicated the absorbance of PDLSC by stimulating with Ad-PDGF-B was (0.68 +/- 0.02), P < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS: Using the AdEasy system, the human PDGF-B recombinant adenovirus can be rapidly obtained. These results indicate that recombinant adenoviruses encoding PDGF-B transgenes could modulate proliferative activity of PDLSC, enhance the high expression of collagen type I and lay the foundation for periodontal tissue regeneration and dental implant gene therapy.