Etidronate from medicine to endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimes on root dentin roughness.

UNLABELLED: An increase in dentin roughness, associated with surface composition, contributes to bacterial adherence in recontaminations. Surface roughness is also important for micromechanical interlocking of dental materials to dentin, and understanding the characteristics of the surface is essential to obtain the adhesion of root canal sealers that have different physico-chemical characteristics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated with different irrigation regimens on root dentin roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five root halves of anterior teeth were used. The root parts were sectioned in thirds, embedded in acrylic resin and polished to a standard surface roughness. Initially, the samples of each third were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated as follows: G1 - saline solution (control); G2 - 5% NaOCl+18% HEBP mixed in equal parts; and G3 - 2.5% NaOCl. After initial measuments, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5 and G6, which were subjected to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measuments, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8 and G9. The dentin surface roughness (Ra) was determined before and after treatments using a profilometer. The Wilcoxon test (α<0.05) was used to compare the values before and after treatments, and the Friedman test (α<0.05) to detect any differences among root thirds. RESULTS: (i) NaOCl did not affect the surface roughness; (ii) there was a significant increase in roughness after the use of chelating agents (P<0.01); and (iii) only the G3 group showed a difference in surface roughness between apical third and other thirds of the teeth (P<0.0043). CONCLUSION: Only the irrigation regimens that used chelating agents altered the roughness of root dentin.

Etidronate from Medicine to Endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimes on root dentin roughness

An increase in dentin roughness, associated with surface composition, contributes to bacterial adherence in recontaminations. Surface roughness is also important for micromechanical interlocking of dental materials to dentin, and understanding the characteristics of the surface is essential to obtain the adhesion of root canal sealers that have different physico-chemical characteristics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated with different irrigation regimens on root dentin roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five root halves of anterior teeth were used. The root parts were sectioned in thirds, embedded in acrylic resin and polished to a standard surface roughness. Initially, the samples of each third were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated as follows: G1 - saline solution (control); G2 - 5% NaOCl+18% HEBP mixed in equal parts; and G3 - 2.5% NaOCl. After initial measuments, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5 and G6, which were subjected to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measuments, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8 and G9. The dentin surface roughness (Ra) was determined before and after treatments using a profilometer. The Wilcoxon test (α<0.05) was used to compare the values before and after treatments, and the Friedman test (α<0.05) to detect any differences among root thirds. RESULTS: (i) NaOCl did not affect the surface roughness; (ii) there was a significant increase in roughness after the use of chelating agents (P<0.01); and (iii) only the G3 group showed a difference in surface roughness between apical third and other thirds of the teeth (P<0.0043). CONCLUSION: Only the irrigation regimens that used chelating agents altered the roughness of root dentin. .

Efetividade clínica de um enxaguatório bucal fitoterápico com tintura padronizada de Calendula officinalis na manutenção da saúde periodontal / Clinical efficacy of a phytotherapic mouthrinse with standardized tincture of Calendula officinalis in the maintenance of periodontal health

Introdução: Várias pesquisas demonstram a eficácia dos fitoterápicos contra diversos microrganismos orais e, consequentemente, seus benefícios na saúde bucal de indivíduos. Objetivo: Dessa forma, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa clínica a fim de verificar o desempenho de um enxaguatório bucal fitoterápico, contendo tintura padronizada de Calendula officinalis, na melhora da saúde periodontal de indivíduos, e compará-lo ao desempenho de um colutório com clorexidina a 0,12%. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada com 40 participantes (12 homens e 28 mulheres, com média de idade de 29,62 anos) com periodontite crônica. Os parâmetros clínicos utilizados foram: nível clínico de inserção, sangramento marginal, Índice de Placa de O´Leary e Índice Gengival. Os indivíduos receberam instruções de higiene oral e, posteriormente, foram distribuídos em dois grupos para a realização de bochechos: um com solução com clorexidina (grupo C) e o outro com a solução contendo o fitoterápico (grupo F). Os participantes de ambos os grupos realizaram bochechos três vezes por semana durante duas semanas, mas antes passaram por procedimentos de raspagem e alisamento coronorradicular. Resultado: Os resultados foram submetidos a dois testes, Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney, com o nível de significância alfa = 5%, e mostraram que o desempenho de ambos os enxaguatórios foi semelhante na maioria dos parâmetros analisados; a diferença foi significativa apenas quanto ao Índice Gengival, no qual a clorexidina demonstrou desempenho superior ao do fitoterápico (p = 0,02). Conclusão: Portanto, o enxaguatório fitoterápico pode ser sugerido, também, como uma solução inovadora que atua promovendo benefícios adicionais à melhoria da saúde periodontal. Porém, sugerem-se mais estudos acerca do assunto.

Introduction: Several studies demonstrate the efficacy of herbal medicines against various oral microorganisms and, consequently, their benefits in oral health of people. Objective: Thus, it was developed a clinical research to verify the performance of a phytotherapic mouthrinse containing standardized tincture of Calendula officinalis, in improving the periodontal health of individuals and compare it to the performance of a mouthwash with chlorhexidine 0.12%. Methodology: The survey was conducted with 40 participants (12 men and 28 women, mean age 29.62 years) suffering from chronic periodontitis. The clinical parameters used were: clinical attachment level, marginal bleeding, Plaque Index of O´Leary and Gingival Index. Patients received oral hygiene instructions, therefore, were distributed into two groups for the realization of mouthwash, with a chlorhexidine solution (group C) and the other with a solution containing the phytotherapic (group F). Both subjects rinsed three times per week for two weeks, but before, they received the procedures of scaling and root planning. Result: The results were submitted to a two tests, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney, with the significance level alfa = 5%, and it showed that the performance of both rinses were similar in most parameters (p > 0.05), the difference was significant only on the Gingival Index, which outperformed the chlorhexidine to the calendula (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Therefore, the phytotherapic mouthwash may be suggested also as an innovative solution that works by promoting additional benefits to improve periodontal health. However, it is suggested further studies on the subject.