RESUMO
We compared the use of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and pluronic F108 (PF108) as dispersants for multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in terms of tube stability as well as profibrogenic effects in vitro and in vivo. While BSA-dispersed tubes were a potent inducer of pulmonary fibrosis, PF108 coating protected the tubes from damaging the lysosomal membrane and initiating a sequence of cooperative cellular events that play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Our results suggest that PF108 coating could serve as a safer design approach for MWCNTs.
Assuntos
Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/química , Lisossomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Lisossomos/patologia , Nanotubos de Carbono/toxicidade , Poloxâmero/química , Fibrose Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Fibrose Pulmonar/prevenção & controle , Administração por Inalação , Animais , Camundongos , Fibrose Pulmonar/patologiaRESUMO
Visibly transparent photovoltaic devices can open photovoltaic applications in many areas, such as building-integrated photovoltaics or integrated photovoltaic chargers for portable electronics. We demonstrate high-performance, visibly transparent polymer solar cells fabricated via solution processing. The photoactive layer of these visibly transparent polymer solar cells harvests solar energy from the near-infrared region while being less sensitive to visible photons. The top transparent electrode employs a highly transparent silver nanowire-metal oxide composite conducting film, which is coated through mild solution processes. With this combination, we have achieved 4% power-conversion efficiency for solution-processed and visibly transparent polymer solar cells. The optimized devices have a maximum transparency of 66% at 550 nm.
Assuntos
Fontes de Energia Elétrica , Nanoestruturas/química , Polímeros/química , Energia Solar , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Nanoestruturas/efeitos da radiação , Refratometria , Soluções/química , Soluções/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks are promising candidates to replace indium-tin-oxide (ITO) as transparent conductors. However, complicated treatments are often required to fuse crossed AgNWs to achieve low resistance and good substrate adhesion. In this work, we demonstrate a simple and effective solution method to achieve highly conductive AgNW composite films with excellent optical transparency and mechanical properties. These properties are achieved via sequentially applying TiO(2) sol-gel and PEDOT:PSS solution to treat the AgNW film. TiO(2) solution volume shrinkage and the capillary force induced by solvent evaporation result in tighter contact between crossed AgNWs and improved film conductivity. The PEDOT:PSS coating acts as a protecting layer to achieve strong adhesion. Organic photovoltaic devices based on the AgNW-TiO(2)-PEDOT:PSS transparent conductor have shown comparable performance to those based on commercial ITO substrates.