Curcumin inhibits inflammatory response and bone loss during experimental periodontitis in rats.

OBJECTIVE: Curcumin, an active ingredient of turmeric, is proved to be a potential candidate of controlling inflammation and bone resorption, but few reports are on the periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the intra-gastric administration of curcumin could inhibit the inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in rats following ligature-induced experimental periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: no ligature placement and administration of vehicle, ligature placement and administration of vehicle, ligature placement and administration of curcumin. After the animals were sacrificed, their mandibles were collected for morphological, histological and immunohistochemical analysis; their gingival tissues were collected for cytokine measurements. RESULTS: Bone resorption was significantly higher in the experimental periodontitis animals treated with vehicle compared with the curcumin-treated group or the control group. Furthermore, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels were higher in the experimental periodontitis animals treated with vehicle compared with the curcumin treated group or the control group. CONCLUSIONS. Curcumin may decrease alveolar bone loss in the experimental periodontitis rats via suppressing the expression of RANKL/RANK/OPG and its anti-inflammatory properties.

[Effects of essential periodontal treatment on serum level of sCD40L and periodontal clinical parameters in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis at high risk of stroke].

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of periodontal treatment on patients with moderate to severe periodontitis at high risk of stroke, by detecting the level of serum soluble cell differentiation antigen 40 ligand (sCD40L) before and after periodontal non-surgical treatment. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with moderate to severe periodontitis at high risk of stroke were collected and randomly divided into 2 groups, 40 patients in group A received essential periodontal treatment + routine maintenance therapy, 36 cases in group B only received routine maintenance therapy. Another 36 patients with moderate and severe periodontitis were selected as group C, and received essential periodontal treatment. Bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) in 6 loci were examined by the same dentists, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of serum sCD40L before treatment and 3 months after treatment. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: Compared with pre-treatment, serum level of sCD40L and periodontal clinical indexes of the three groups decreased. Compared with group B, serum SCD40L in group A significantly decreased(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal treatment can reduce the serum level of sCD40L in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis at high risk of stroke, and improve the patient's inflammatory state. To a certain extent, periodontal treatment may reduce the risk of high-risk stroke population to develop stroke.

[The relationship between chronic periodontitis and the instability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque by serum level of MMP-9, MCP-1 and MMP-7].

PURPOSE: To study the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) and monocyte chemo attractant protein-1(MCP-1) in patients with chronic periodontitis in whom the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque is affected. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-nine patients were collected from People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, and divided into 3 groups. Group A (healthy group): 32 cases; Group B (periodontitis group): 31 cases; Group C (periodontitis with carotid atherosclerosis plaque group): 66 cases. According to carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability, Group C was further divided into carotid atherosclerotic plaque stable subgroup (C1, 30 cases) and unstable subgroup (C2, 36 cases). Each patient received periodontal examination, and serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-7, MCP-1 were assayed by ELISA. The data was statistically analyzed with SPSS19.0 software package. RESULTS: The age, gender, drinking and smoking history in each group had no significant difference (P>0.05). The periodontal baseline status in group B was worse than group A, in group C was worse than group B and in group C2 was worse than group C1, and the differences were significant (P<0.05). Serum level of MMP-9, MCP-1 and MMP-7 in group C was significantly higher than in group B and group A (P<0.05), and in group B were significantly higher than group A (P<0.05), in group C2 was significantly higher than in group C1 (P<0.05). Serum level of MMP-9, MCP-1 and MMP-7 were correlated with carotid atherosclerotic plaque stability (r=0.989, P<0.05; r=0.605, P<0.05; r=0.389, P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Serum inflammatory cytokines MMP-9, MMP-7 and MCP-1 are associated with the development of periodontitis. The serum inflammatory cytokines MMP-9, MCP-1, MMP-7 as mediating factors may indicate the severity of periodontal disease and affect the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques.

[Levels of IL-8,IL-10 in patients with chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease].

PURPOSE: To detect the level of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in serum and gingival crevicular fluid in patients with chronic severe periodontitis (CP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) and investigate the relationship between CP and CHD. METHODS: Thirty patients with CHD and CP(group A), twenty-five patients with only CP(group B) and thirty healthy controls (group C) were included in this study. Gingival crevicular fluid and serum IL-8, IL-10 levels were detected by ELISA. SPSS 11.5 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The periodontal indexes including bleeding on probing and probing depth were significantly different among the 3 groups. In group A and B, the level of IL-8 in gingival crevicular fluid and serum were significantly lower, whereas the IL-10 level was significantly higher, in comparison to those in group C (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IL-8 and IL-10 may be associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis and CHD. There may be a relationship between CHD and CP.

[Expression of CXC chemokine ligand 16 and chemokine receptor 6 in periodontal tissues of patients with moderately severe periodontitis].

PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and localization of CXCLl6 and its receptor CXCR6 in gingival tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis and analyze the roles in the occurrence and development of periodontitis. METHODS: Gingival tissues with moderately severe periodontitis were collected from 39 patients treated in People's Hospital of Liaoning Province. Forty persons with healthy gingiva were used as control. The age of the enrolled subjects ranged from 35 to 74 years old. Immunohistochemical technique was applied to detect the expression and localization of CXCLl6 and CXCR6 protein gingival tissues of all subjects. The data was analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software package. RESULTS: Compared with normal group, the expression of CXCLl6 and CXCR6 were significantly up-regulated in patients with periodontitis (P<0.05). There was a positive relationship between the protein expression of CXCLl6 and CXCR6 in gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis (r=0.580, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: CXCLl6 and CXCR6 may be involved in the development of chronic periodontitis. The expression of CXCLl6 and CXCR6 may work coordinately to promote the development of chronic periodontitis.