RESUMO
The label-free detection of human serum albumin (HSA) in aqueous buffer is demonstrated using a simple, monolithic, two-electrode electrochemical biosensor. In this device, both millimeter-scale electrodes are coated with a thin layer of a composite containing M13 virus particles and the electronically conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene) or PEDOT. These virus particles, engineered to selectively bind HSA, serve as receptors in this biosensor. The resistance component of the electrical impedance, Zre, measured between these two electrodes provides electrical transduction of HSA binding to the virus-PEDOT film. The analysis of sample volumes as small as 50 µL is made possible using a microfluidic cell. Upon exposure to HSA, virus-PEDOT films show a prompt increase in Zre within 5 s and a stable Zre signal within 15 min. HSA concentrations in the range from 100 nM to 5 µM are detectable. Sensor-to-sensor reproducibility of the HSA measurement is characterized by a coefficient-of-variance (COV) ranging from 2% to 8% across this entire concentration range. In addition, virus-PEDOT sensors successfully detected HSA in synthetic urine solutions.
Assuntos
Bacteriófago M13/química , Técnicas Biossensoriais/instrumentação , Compostos Bicíclicos Heterocíclicos com Pontes/química , Polímeros/química , Albumina Sérica Humana/urina , Vírion/química , Técnicas Biossensoriais/métodos , Condutividade Elétrica , Impedância Elétrica , Eletrodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Limite de Detecção , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Albumina Sérica Humana/análiseRESUMO
Rapid nucleic acid testing is central to infectious disease surveillance. Here, we report an assay for rapid COVID-19 testing and its implementation in a prototype microfluidic device. The assay, which we named DISCoVER (for diagnostics with coronavirus enzymatic reporting), involves extraction-free sample lysis via shelf-stable and low-cost reagents, multiplexed isothermal RNA amplification followed by T7 transcription, and Cas13-mediated cleavage of a quenched fluorophore. The device consists of a single-use gravity-driven microfluidic cartridge inserted into a compact instrument for automated running of the assay and readout of fluorescence within 60 min. DISCoVER can detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in saliva with a sensitivity of 40 copies µl-1, and was 94% sensitive and 100% specific when validated (against quantitative PCR) using total RNA extracted from 63 nasal-swab samples (33 SARS-CoV-2-positive, with cycle-threshold values of 13-35). The device correctly identified all tested clinical saliva samples (10 SARS-CoV-2-positive out of 13, with cycle-threshold values of 23-31). Rapid point-of-care nucleic acid testing may broaden the use of molecular diagnostics.