Income- and education-based inequalities of edentulism and dental services utilization in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: Tooth loss is a worldwide public health problem affecting mainly socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Dental services utilization may increase access to preventive actions and conservative treatment, reducing the prevalence of tooth loss. This study evaluated the income- and education-based inequalities in edentulism according to the utilization of dental services among adults and older adults in Brazil. METHODS: Data from the National Oral Health Survey (SB Brazil, 2010) of adults (ages 35-44 years, n = 9779) and older adults (ages 65-74 years, n = 7619) were analysed. Socioeconomic indicators (SES) included education and income. The magnitude of inequality in edentulism by education and income levels was estimated by the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) and the Slope Index of Inequality (SII). The changes in the RII and SII according to the utilization of dental services were estimated. Regression models estimated the association between SES and edentulism and whether dental services utilization modified this association. RESULTS: Higher edentulism prevalence was observed among those with lower education and income levels. The utilization of dental services changed the education-based inequality index in edentulism for adults, with percentage changes of 17.4% (RII) and 56.8% (SII). For adults with low education (0-4 years of study), the odds of edentulism were 80% (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.6) and 90% (OR 0.1; 95% CI 0.01-0.2) lower for those who had used dental services within the preceding year and within 1-2 years compared with those who had used such services within the preceding 3 or more years, respectively. CONCLUSION: There was a social gradient in the prevalence of edentulism in adults and older adults, and the education-based inequalities in edentulism were lower among adults reporting utilization of dental services in the preceding year.

Experimental composites containing quaternary ammonium methacrylates reduce demineralization at enamel-restoration margins after cariogenic challenge.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the influence of experimental composites containing quaternary ammonium monomers (QAM) at different concentrations and alkyl chains on demineralization at enamel-composite margins after cariogenic challenge. METHODS: Standardized 4×4mm cavities were cut into 35 bovine enamel blocks, which were randomly divided into seven groups (n=5) and restored with the following experimental composites and commercial materials: (G12.5) - 5% dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) with a 12-carbon alkyl chain (G12.10) - 10% DMADDM, (G16.5) - 5% dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) with a 16-carbon alkyl chain (G16.10) - 10% DMAHDM, (CG) - control group (without QAM), (GZ250) - commercial composite (Filtek Z250®), and (GIC) - glass ionomer cement (Maxxion R®). After restorative procedures, initial microhardness was measured and experimental composites were subjected to Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation for 48h. After cariogenic challenge, the samples were washed and microhardness was reassessed. A 3D non-contact profilometer was used to determine surface roughness and enamel demineralization was assessed by micro-CT. Microhardness results were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests and micro-CT results were analyzed by Tukey's HSD test (95% confidence interval). RESULTS: None of the materials could prevent mineral loss at the enamel-restoration margins. The addition of 10% DMAHDM yielded the lowest, albeit statistically significant, mineral loss (p<0.05). 3D non-contact profilometry showed enamel surface roughness modification after biofilm exposure. The CG had the highest roughness values. Micro-CT analysis revealed mineral loss, except for GIC. SIGNIFICANCE: The addition of 10% QAM with a 16-carbon chain in experimental composites reduced mineral loss at the enamel-restoration margins after cariogenic challenge.

Resposta do tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo de rato após implantes das ligas restauradoras odontológicas: Duracast, Idealoy, cromo-cobalto e ouro / Reaction of rat subcutaneous connective tissue followed by implants of dental restorative alloys (Duracast, Idealoy, Crom-cobalt alloy and gold alloy)

A presente pesquisa consistiu em observar a resposta do tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo de rato após implantes das ligas restauradoras odontológicas à base de cobre-alumínio (Duracast e Idealoy), de ligas de ouro, de cromo-cobalto e parafina. A avaliaçäo histológica foi realizada após implantes de 10, 30 e 80 dias dos materiais testados, em um total de 30 ratos

Interferência dos abaixadores de tensäo superficial nos produtos de Gypsum, durante a sua presa / Interference of wetting agents on the surface tension in gypsum products during the setting reaction

Os autores investigam a influência dos abaixadores de tensäo superficial dos produtos de Gypsum (materiais de moldagem e inclusäo) quando da obtençäo dos modelos de trabalho em elastômeros e inclusäo para obtençäo de restauraçäo metálica fundida

Verificaçäo da discrepância de adaptaçäo nas peças metálicas fundidas (técnica de obtençäo, utilizando uma liga de cobre-alumínio) / Detecting the discrepancies on metal casting restoration fit (technique of attainment using copper-aluminum)

Foram obtidos 82 peças metálicas fundidas tipo MOD em molar e pré-molar, utilizando anéis de dimensöes variadas. As peças obtidas em premolar mostraram uma adaptabilidade satisfatória , utilizando tanto o anel curto como o longo e uma cinta de amianto. Para o molar a adaptabilidade satisfatória somente ocorreu com a utilizaçäo de anel largo e duas cintas de amianto