Embolization for Arteriovenous Malformations in the Maxilla With Coils and Ethanol.

PURPOSE: Maxillary arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon, limiting comprehensive research into standard treatment protocols. This study evaluated the management, outcomes, and clinical safety of embolization techniques for maxillary AVMs, using coils and ethanol. METHODS: In this retrospective case series, we enrolled a sample of patients with maxillary AVMs treated with embolization using coils with or without ethanol between June 2017 and July 2019. Coils were super-selectively placed into the nidus and dominant outflow vein to decrease the flow of the arteriovenous fistulas. Absolute ethanol was then injected to obliterate the nidus. Clinical follow-up was performed for all the patients, and therapeutic outcomes were measured by evaluating the degree of devascularization and symptoms. RESULTS: Ten patients were included in the present study, including 4 men (40%) and 6 women (60%), with a mean age of 18.1 years (range, 10 to 36 years). Transvenous release of coils (9 detachable coils and 143 pushable coils), either with or without absolute ethanol embolization, was used in all the patients. The amount of ethanol injected ranged from 0 to 12 mL (mean: 6.5 mL; 95% confidence interval: 3.489 to 9.511) in a single session. Seven (70%) of the 10 patients were cured, while 3 patients (30%) had partial remission. Follow-up times ranged from 26 to 42 months (median: 29.7 months). Tooth loosening and coil exposure occurred in 7 patients (70%) and healed after surgery. No major complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Coils and ethanol embolization have the potential to cure AVMs in the maxilla with an acceptable risk of minor complications.

The association of healthy eating index with periodontitis in NHANES 2013-2014.

Background: Periodontal disease is very common worldwide and is one of the main causes of tooth loss in adults. Periodontal disease is characterized by chronic inflammation that can destroy adjacent alveolar bone and lead to a loss of periodontal ligaments. Although previous studies have found that a daily diet can influence the development of periodontal disease (e.g., a diet low in carbohydrates and rich in vitamins C and D and fiber can have a protective effect). Periodontal disease may present as gingivitis or periodontitis. However, studies on the role of healthy eating index in periodontitis are lacking. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between healthy eating index and periodontitis. Methods: We analyzed data collected from participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative survey conducted in 2-year cycles from 2013 to 2014. As part of our analysis, we developed multivariate logistic regression models to examine the independent association between the healthy eating index and periodontitis. We evaluated the significance of association using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Individuals with a lower total healthy eating index had a higher prevalence of periodontitis. Adjusted multivariate regression models showed that a higher healthy diet index was associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55-0.86, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that dietary structure was associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. Patients with a higher healthy eating index had a lower prevalence of periodontitis. These findings will need to be confirmed by longitudinal, prospective studies in the future.

Dietary magnesium intake is protective in patients with periodontitis.

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation of the periodontal tissue and resorption of the alveolar bone, which has a high incidence and is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. In addition to its role in promoting osteogenesis, magnesium also has a role in regulating the inflammatory response, both systemically and locally. There is growing evidence that magnesium is an important factor in maintaining the normal functioning of the body's immune system. Hypomagnesaemia can lead to a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases throughout the body, including periodontitis. Two-thirds of the US population suffers from magnesium deficiency. The connection between dietary magnesium and periodontitis is unknown. As a result, we set out to investigate the link between dietary magnesium intake and periodontitis. Methods: In this study, we collected data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2013 to 2014. Through 24-h dietary recalls, information about food consumption was collected. We examined the association between the dietary magnesium and periodontitis using multivariable logistic regression model. Based on odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), a strong association was detected. Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the OR for periodontitis comparing the highest to the lowest quintile of dietary magnesium intake was 0.69 (95% CIs = 0.52~0.92). The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis showed that the non-linear association between dietary magnesium and periodontitis was statistically significant and that dietary magnesium supplementation reduced the prevalence of periodontitis. Conclusion: Dietary magnesium intake is associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. Dietary magnesium deficiency increases the prevalence of periodontitis.