RESUMO
A quasi-solid-state Li-Te battery is developed by using a flexible gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), porous carbon/tellurium cathode, and lithium metal anode. The ionic conductivity of GPE is controllable and reaches up to 8.0 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C. The good interfacial contact with Li metal ensures excellent cycling stability in Li/GPE/Li symmetric cells. Moreover, it is found that, compared to S and Se counterparts, the Li-Te battery exhibits good rate capability due to the high electrical conductivity of Te and excellent interfacial stability among GPE, Li, and Te. This work provides several facile strategies to develop safe and high-performance solid-state Li-Te batteries.
Assuntos
Lítio , Telúrio , Fontes de Energia Elétrica , Íons , PolímerosRESUMO
Plant thylakoids have a typical stacking structure, which is the site of photosynthesis, including light-harvesting, water-splitting, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. This stacking structure plays a key role in exchange of substances with extremely high efficiency and minimum energy consumption through photosynthesis. Herein we report an artificially designed honeycomb multilayer for photophosphorylation. To mimic the natural thylakoid stacking structure, the multilayered photosystem II (PSII)-ATP synthase-liposome system is fabricated via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, allowing the three-dimensional distributions of PSII and ATP synthase. Under light illumination, PSII splits water into protons and generates a proton gradient for ATP synthase to produce ATP. Moreover, it is found that the ATP production is extremely associated with the numbers of PSII layers. With such a multilayer structure assembled via LbL, one can better understand the mechanism of PSII and ATP synthase integrated in one system, mimicking the photosynthetic grana structure. On the other hand, such an assembled system can be considered to improve the photophosphorylation.