[Tumors of the mouth cavity. Not all fluorescent tumors are malignant]. / Mundhöhlentumoren. Nicht alles was fluoresziert ist bösartig.

Early diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors of the mouth and throat can greatly improve survival rates. Diagnostic fluorescence permits the reliable detection not only of oral cancer, but also of cancer precursor lesions. A problem here is the fact that although carcinomas can be detected with a high level of sensitivity, our own studies also demonstrate a considerable false-positive rate (35%). Possible reasons for this currently being considered are non-compliance by the patient with the required fasting period, poor mouth hygiene and the state after radiation therapy to the face. Under these circumstances, patient management is of particular importance.

[Scientifically founded drug prescription in surgical stomatology]. / Wissenschaftlich begründete Arzneimittelverordnung in der chirurgischen Stomatologie.

Scientifically founded drug prescription is necessary to secure optimal therapeutical success with a minimum of risks. Dosage must conform to pharmacokinetics and consider the patient's age and diseases, especially affections of the liver and kidney. Furthermore, the possibility of drug interferences, which might lead to serious complications, should be borne in mind if several drugs are prescribed simultaneously. The present paper deals only with drugs frequently prescribed in surgical stomatology.

[Teratogenically altered palate formation in Uje:WIST rats. 5. Reaction mode of the mesenchyma]. / Die teratogen beeinflusste Palatogenese bei der Uje:WIST-Ratte. 5. Mitteilung: Reaktionsweise des Mesenchyms.

After administration of the teratogen the ability of the mesenchymal cells to synthesize proteoglycans is impaired. In the fusion area of the palatal shelves there is, like in normal development, an increase in lysosomal activity.

[Clinics and therapy of the osteomyelitis of the lower jaw]. / Klinik und Therapie der Unterkieferosteomyelitis.

During the last three decades the clinical picture of osteomyelitis has considerably changed. Acute cases have become rarer than in the past. The outbreak of the disease to be observed in recent times is primarily of a subacute chronic stage. These non-characteristic symptoms make diagnosis more difficult. Acute cases of osteomyelitis are treated with antibiotics; chronic cases should surgically be approached as early as possible. Surgical methods used are above all decortication as well as transplantation of autogenous spongiosa.

[Proliferative activity of mesenchyme and epithelium in teratogen- affected palatogenesis]. / Die proliferative Aktivität von Mesenchym und Epithel in der teratogen beeinflussten Palatogenese.

In mesenchymal cells of the palatal shelves there are two maxima with a 3H-thymidine labelling index of more than 30%. In the teratogenically altered palatogenesis there is only one peak in the labelling index one day before horizontalization of the palatal shelves. In the proliferative rate of epithelial cells are no principal differences between normogenesis and teratogen altered palatogenesis.

[Teratogen-modified palatogenesis in the Uje: WIST rat. 4. Scanning electron microscopic morphology of the epithelium during the formation of the secondary palate]. / Die teratogen beeinflusste Palatogenese bei der Uje: WIST-Ratte. 4. Mitteilung: Rasterelektronemikroskopische Morphologie des Epithels während der Bildung des sekundären Gaumens.

In normal morphogenesis age-dependent and regional differences in the surface structure of epithelial cells appear, whereas in teratogenesis no qualitative changes can be observed. During the horizontal adjustment of the palatal shelves the pronounced marking of the cellular borders with microvilli has disappeared. The reduced number of microvilli in the subsequent phase of adhesion might affect the cell-cell identification and thus disturb the further cell differentiation.

[Visualizing carcinomas of the mouth cavity by stimulating synthesis of fluorescent protoporphyrin IX]. / Visualisierung von Karzinomen der Mundhöhle durch Stimulierung der Synthese von fluoreszierendem Protoporphyrin IX.

The fluorescence diagnosis based on the aminolavulinic acid-stimulated porphyrin synthesis allows the detection of superficial tumors in a very early stage even when they are very small tumors. A fluorescence diagnosis of tumors in the oral cavity can be simply performed by rinsing with a 0.4% ALA solution for 20 min. This topical application avoids systemic side effects such as skin sensitization. The red fluorescent areas are visible to the naked eye; only a blue light source for fluorescence excitation is necessary and a suitable red filter for observation. In our study on 56 patients suffering from carcinoma of the oral cavity, 96% of the histologically confirmed carcinoma could be visualized via fluorescence. In 3 patients additional tumors were detected via fluorescence that were not visible otherwise. However, many patients show fluorescent areas with no correlation to the histological finding. It was verified that bacteria from the oral cavity also produce PpIX after ALA incubation, which leads to false-positive findings. Reduction of the false-positive findings was achieved by rinsing the oral cavity with hydrogen peroxide and by mechanical plaque reduction. This improves the reliability of a fluorescence-guided biopsy. However, suppression of the bacteria fluorescence is necessary for clinical use of this diagnostic method.

[Graduate teaching aspects to be considered in the planning of undergraduate dental courses]. / Hochschulpädagogische Aspekte bei der Gestaltung der Lehre in der Grundstudienrichtung Stomatologie.

The general part of the present paper deals with questions concerning the demanding conceptual design of teaching from the aspect of creative studying. The students' qualification for responsible scientific work and creative studying is considered to be an essential question of the conceptual design of the demanding process of learning and acquiring the scientific bases. Thus, it will be possible to improve effectively the attitude towards studying and the engagement in creative achievements (in a narrow sense or in explicit forms of organization). In the empirical part of the present paper, the results from the interviewing of 240 dental students on relevant conceptual factors of teaching are discussed. An analysis of situation led to valuable insights and conclusions as to more effective teaching in the framework of stomatological study.

[Maxillary development after early secondary osteoplasty in complete unilateral cheilognathopalatoschisis]. / Die Kieferentwicklung nach früher sekundärer Osteoplastik bei einseitigen totalen Lippen-Kiefer-Gaumenspalten.

The paper presents the retrospective investigation of 99 cleft palate cases with unilateral clefts. The effects of two different lip closures procedure on the development of nasal, labial and maxilla region were investigated. In 50 cases the Le Mesurier lip closure procedure was followed, and in 49 cases the Millard procedure. In the Le Mesurier group a lengthening of lip was observed, while in the Millard group lip length was symmetrical. The cast analysis shows an even development of the anterior maxilla width. The cephalometric analysis also shows a favourable development in the Millard group.