Impact of various nutritional interventions on the physical and mental state of patients undergoing surgery for oral and maxillofacial tumor: guiding patients' informed choices.

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of oral nutritional supplements (ONS), parenteral nutrition (PN), and enteral nutrition (EN) on the recovery of patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial surgery. METHODS: The shared decision-making process assigned 37, 56, and 35 patients to the ONS, PN, and EN groups, respectively. Details such as demographic data, duration of hospitalization, cost of nutritional therapy, nutritional assessments, patients' satisfaction, and compliance, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) score, and relevant biochemical indices were systematically recorded and compared between the groups. RESULTS: Patients with healthier biochemical indices and physical states at baseline, including a higher body mass index, preferred ONS. Patients using dentures and those with medical insurance often chose EN, while patients with recurrent disease preferred PN. Patients receiving EN had a similar duration of hospitalization to patients receiving ONS and also had the lowest nutritional costs. Patients receiving ONS had higher lymphocyte counts and levels of hemoglobin, albumin, and C-reactive protein. Patients in the PN group had elevated levels of serum potassium, chlorine, and sodium, while those receiving EN reported higher HAM-A scores, indicating greater anxiety than their counterparts. Predischarge surveys showed higher satisfaction and compliance in the PN and ONS groups than in the EN group. The PN group reported more adverse symptoms. At 7 days post-discharge, patients with EN reported a greater feeling of well-being. CONCLUSION: ONS is the optimal choice for patients in good preoperative conditions, while PN is preferred during disease recurrence or when financially feasible. EN is suitable for patients using dentures or those with limited finances despite its potential psychological discomfort. Future studies with increased sample sizes and longer follow-up duration are necessary to corroborate our findings. The Trial Registration Number is ChiCTR2100049547. The date of registration is August 2, 2021.

Inhibitory effects of the nanoscale lysate derived from xenogenic dental pulp stem cells in lung cancer models.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy and has the highest mortality rate among all tumors due to lymph node metastasis. Bone marrow and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated tumor-suppressive effects on lung cancer. This study investigated the effects of DPSC lysate on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cancer cells were studied in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: The proliferation, apoptosis, and migration/metastasis were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay, Annexin-V and propidium iodide staining, and the transwell assay, respectively. The expression levels of apoptosis-, cell cycle-, migration-, and adhesion-related mRNA and proteins were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The level and mRNA expression of tumor markers carcino embryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR. Finally, a tumor-bearing mouse model was constructed to observe the tumor-suppressive effect of DPSC lysate after intraperitoneal injection. RESULTS: DPSC lysate decreased the viability of A549 cells and induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Western blot confirmed that levels of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bad were increased, and Bcl-2 protein levels were decreased in A549 cells treated with DPSC lysate. In addition, DPSC lysate inhibited the migration and invasion of A549 cells; downregulated key genes of the cell cycle, migration, and adhesion; and significantly suppressed tumor markers. Xenograft results showed that DPSC lysate inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor weight. CONCLUSIONS: DPSC lysate inhibited proliferation, invasion, and metastasis; promoted apoptosis in lung cancer cells; and suppressed tumor growth- potentially providing a cell-based alternative therapy for lung cancer treatment.

Effect of LSD1 on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells in periodontitis.

OBJECTIVE: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of periodontal tissues. This study is expected to assess the effect of LSD1 on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs in periodontitis. METHODS: hPDLSCs were separated, cultivated, and identified, and then treated by LPS to induce inflammatory microenvironment and subjected to osteogenic differentiation. Subsequently, LSD1 expression was determined, and then silenced to assess its effect on hPDLSCs. Next, the binding relation between LSD1 and miR-590-3p was analyzed. miR-590-3p expression was detected and then overexpressed to evaluate its role in hPDLSCs in periodontitis. Afterward, the relation between LSD1 and OSX was analyzed. H3K4me2 level and OSX transcription were measured, and the role of H3K4me2 was determined. Additionally, the role of OSX in hPDLSCs was verified. RESULTS: LSD1 was poorly expressed after osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs while it was rescued upon LPS induction. The osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSC in periodontitis was strengthened upon LSD1 downregulation. Besides, miR-590-3p targeted LSD1 transcription, and LSD1 inhibited OSX transcription via H3K4me2 demethylation. miR-590-3p overexpression improved osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs in periodontitis. But this improvement was annulled by OSX inhibition. CONCLUSION: miR-590-3p targeted LSD1 transcription and upregulated H3K4me2 methylation to promote OSX transcription, thereby encouraging osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs in periodontitis.

Bacterial Cellulose: A Versatile Chiral Host for Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Materials capable of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have attracted considerable attention for their promising potential applications. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was characterized as having a stable right-handed twist, which makes it a potential chiral host to endow luminophores with CPL. Then, the CPL-active BC composite film was constructed by simply impregnating bacterial cellulose pellicles with dilute aqueous solutions of luminophores (rhodamine B, carbon dots, polymer dots) and drying under ambient conditions. Simple encapsulation of luminophores renders BC with circularly polarized luminescence with a dissymmetry factor of up to 0.03. The multiple chiral centers of bacterial cellulose provide a primary asymmetric environment that can be further modulated by supramolecular chemistry, which is responsible for its circular polarization ability. We further demonstrate that commercial grade paper may endow luminophores with CPL activity, which reifies the universality of the method.

Polyphenolic-modified cellulose acetate membrane for bone regeneration through immunomodulation.

To enhance the bioactivity of cellulosic derivatives has become an important strategy to promote their value for clinical applications. Herein, protocatechualdehyde (PCA), a polyphenolic molecule, was used to modify a cellulose acetate (CA) membrane by combining with metal ions to confer an immunomodulatory activity. The PCA-modified CA membrane has shown a significant radical scavenging activity, thereby suppressed the inflammatory response and created a favorable immune microenvironment for osteogenesis and mineralization. Moreover, addition of metal ions could further stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and accelerate bone regeneration both in vitro and in vivo. This study may provide a strategy to promote the immunomodulatory activity of cellulose-based biomaterials for bone regeneration.

Flexible and monolithic zinc oxide bionanocomposite foams by a bacterial cellulose mediated approach for antibacterial applications.

The use of self-assembled biomacromolecules in the development of functional bionanocomposite foams is one of the best lessons learned from nature. Here, we show that monolithic, flexible and porous zinc oxide bionanocomposite foams with a hierarchical architecture can be assembled through the mediation of bacterial cellulose. The assembly is achieved by controlled hydrolysis and solvothermal crystallization using a bacterial cellulose aerogel as a template in a non-aqueous polar medium. The bionanocomposite foam with a maximum zinc oxide loading of 70 wt% is constructed of intimately packed spheres of aggregated zinc oxide nanocrystals exhibiting a BET surface area of 92 m(2) g(-1). The zinc oxide bionanocomposite foams show excellent antibacterial activity, which give them potential value as self-supporting wound dressing and water sterilization materials.