RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate various oral antimicrobial agent levels in tooth extraction sites. STUDY DESIGN: The concentration of dental alveolar blood in extraction wounds after the oral administration of talampicillin (500 mg), cefaclor (500 mg), cefteram pivoxil (200 mg), cefuroxime axetil (250 mg), cefdinir (200 mg), and ofloxacin (100 mg) was determined in 338 patients and was assessed on the basis of its antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus isolated in odontogenic infections. RESULTS: The percentage of patients whose concentrations exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% of Streptococcus was 62.5% to 100% for talampicillin at 30 to 360 minutes, 0% to 12.5% for cefaclor at 30 to 360 minutes, 18.2% to 100% for cefteram pivoxil at 30 to 480 minutes, 50% to 100% for cefuroxime axetil at 30 to 480 minutes, 0% to 50% for cefdinir at 16 to 290 minutes, and 0% to 40% for ofloxacin at 30 to 480 minutes. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that talampicillin, cefteram pivoxil, and cefuroxime axetil have minimum inhibitory concentration levels for 90% of Streptococcus in tooth sockets.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/sangue , Cefmenoxima/análogos & derivados , Extração Dentária , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Processo Alveolar/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Cefaclor/sangue , Cefaclor/uso terapêutico , Cefdinir , Cefmenoxima/sangue , Cefmenoxima/uso terapêutico , Cefuroxima/análogos & derivados , Cefuroxima/sangue , Cefuroxima/uso terapêutico , Cefalosporinas/sangue , Cefalosporinas/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ofloxacino/sangue , Ofloxacino/uso terapêutico , Penicilinas/sangue , Penicilinas/uso terapêutico , Pró-Fármacos/análise , Pró-Fármacos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Streptococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Talampicilina/sangue , Talampicilina/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo , Doenças Dentárias/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Dentárias/microbiologia , Alvéolo Dental/metabolismoRESUMO
The oral administration of 300 mg of clindamycin was undertaken on 23 patients, of 500 mg of cefadroxil on 11 patients and of 250 mg of talampicillin on 12 patients, and then tooth extraction was performed under local anesthesia. Blood samples were taken from the extraction wound and the peripheral vein at the same time and assayed by the bioassay method. The blood levels of clindamycin and cefadroxil indicated a similar pattern between the extraction wound and the peripheral vein, but the blood level of talampicillin reached peek level rapider than clindamycin and cefadroxil. The blood levels of the extraction wound were 60 - 80% as compared with the venous blood levels with each antimicrobial agent.
Assuntos
Ampicilina/análogos & derivados , Antibacterianos/sangue , Cefalexina/análogos & derivados , Clindamicina/sangue , Talampicilina/sangue , Extração Dentária , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Cefadroxila , Cefalexina/administração & dosagem , Cefalexina/sangue , Clindamicina/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Talampicilina/administração & dosagem , VeiasRESUMO
Parameters for blood concentrations of the peroral antibiotics talampicil in and bacampicillin, in NZW rabbits were determined using a two compartment model. On the basis of these pharmacokinetic parameters, a three compartment model was prepared for the concentrations of these drugs in the tongue, gingiva, submandibular gland, parotid gland, cervical lymph-node and mandibular bone. Simulation curves based on the parameters of tissue concentrations revealed visual conformity to the measured values.