Development and assessment of an online virtual orthodontic curriculum.

INTRODUCTION: Due to break space and time limits, an entirely new online curriculum of orthodontic education with online evaluation system has been structured and developed in the dental school, based on virtual reality simulation. CURRICULUM: At Nanjing Medical University, a new online orthodontic curriculum with programmatic assessment process was constructed and implemented based on competency-based education (CBE). It was consisted of the online orthodontic theoretical lectures based on the National Open Online Course "Orthodontics," the online journal club via the online "flipped classroom," and the online orthodontic pre-clinical training via the virtual learning network platform. In order to evaluate this curriculum, 94 Year 4 dental students took part to complete the online orthodontic curriculum. The mean total score of all the students was 91.99, and the element scores of the online theoretical lectures, journal club, virtual pre-clinical training, and online final examination were respectively 96.83, 79.49, 96.00, and 87.02, which showed a good performance. According to the student feedback toward this curriculum via the online questionnaire, nearly 98% of the students showed agreement or strong agreement that the online orthodontic curriculum has enhanced their orthodontic theoretical understanding and orthodontic practical ability. CONCLUSION: As a student-centered CBE, this online orthodontic curriculum with online evaluation system could provide both orthodontic theory and practice teaching for all the dental students at all times and places based on the online virtual mode, which enriched learners' critical thinking, problem solving, and assessment skills.