Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in Arab people with chronic low back pain.

BACKGROUND: The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is widely used worldwide to measure pain self-efficacy. However, an Arabic translation is not available yet. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to culturally adapt and validate the Arabic version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ-A) in Arab people with Chronic Low Back Pain (LBP). METHODS: This study was conducted in two phases. The first phase involved translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PSEQ into Arabic. The second phase aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the PSEQ-A. One hundred Arab people with chronic LBP completed the PSEQ-A and some self-report questionnaires, such as pain intensity, fear of movement, disability, and life quality. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha for the PSEQ-A was 0.90. The interclass correlation coefficient of the PSEQ-A was 0.79. The standard error of the measurement and the minimal detectable change of the PSEQ-A scores were 5.27 and 14.60, respectively. The PSEQ-A has one factor structure. The PSEQ-A correlated significantly (P < .01) with disability, fear of movement, and quality of life in the expected hypothesized directions. CONCLUSION: The PSEQ-A was well accepted and exhibited validity and acceptable reliability in Arab people with chronic LBP.

Eating disorders and associated risk factors among Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal university preparatory year female students in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of eating disorders among Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (IAU) in Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, female students and to investigate the associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at IAU, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in 2016 with 670 participants. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaires, including the Eating attitude test 26 (EAT-26) and the sociocultural attitudes toward appearance questionnaire (SATAQ-4). Eating behavior questions were asked to determine whether the respondents should seek evaluation for an eating disorder (ED) from a professional. RESULTS: Eating attitude test 26 results showed that 29.4% of participants were categorized at a high level of concern for an ED, and 45.5% were categorized as at risk of having problematic feeding behaviors. Of the participants who scored above 20 on the EAT-26, 60.7% demonstrated high-risk feeding behavior attitudes, and approximately 11.5% who scored a body mass index (BMI) classified as underweight or very underweight required referral to a psychologist. A significant relationship was found between family stress to lose weight and EAT-26 scores above 20. The media was also found to represent external influence to lose weight. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that early detection of EDs or problematic feeding behaviors and attitude is vital to minimize the risks to physical health and well-being of the sufferers' experiences.