[Development of a high content protein beverage from Chilean mesquite, lupine and quinoa for the diet of pre-schoolers]. / Desarrollo de una bebida de alto contenido proteico a partir de algarrobo, lupino y quinoa para la dieta de preescolares.

This research was aimed at developing a high content protein beverage from the mixture of liquid extracts of a pseudocereal, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and two legumes: mesquite (Prosopis chilensis (Mol.) Stunz) and lupine (Lupinus albus L.), native from the Andean highlands of the Chilean northern macro-zone, flavored with raspberry pulp, to help in the feeding of children between 2 and 5 years of lower socioeconomic status with nutritional deficiencies. The formulation was defined by linear programming, its composition was determined by proximate analysis and physical, microbiological and sensory acceptance tests were performed. After 90 days of storage time, the beverage got a protein content of 1.36%, being tryptophan the limiting amino acid; for its part, the chromaticity coordinates of CIEL*a*b* color space showed no statistical significant differences (p < 0.05) maintaining the "dark pink" tonality, the viscosity and the sensory evaluation were acceptable for drinking.

[Product development on the basis of cereal and leguminous flours to coeliac disease in children aged 6-24 months; II: properties of the mixtures]. / Desarrollo de producto sobre la base de harinas de cereales y leguminosa para niños celíacos entre 6 y 24 meses; II: propiedades de las mezclas.

The nutritional formulations of high protein content, provided by a flour mixture from two Andean cultures, quinua (Chenopodium quinua Willd) and lupino (Lupinus albus L), with two traditional cereals, maize (Zea mays L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.), entailed to the preparation of a "sweet mixture" for the elaboration of "queques" and another "dessert mixture" flavoured with banana, that can be prepared with water or milk, constituted a good alternative as food supplement for the nutrition of children aged 6-24 months who suffer from celiac disease, since they contribute to the quality improvement of the protein, by essential amino acids compensation, they are of low cost and allow an increase in availability of products for gluten-intolerant children. Some physical, chemical, rheological, mechanical and fluidity properties, as well as the color of these mixtures for a period of conservation of 90 days were evaluated. At the end of the storage, the sweet mixture turned out to be of "little flow" and the dessert mixture changed from "little flow" to "easy flow". Viscosity for the dessert mixture, with its two types of dilutions, water and milk, presented a behavior of pseudoplastic fluid. It was possible to guess that the time of shelf life of the mixtures would be of 9 months before achieving the rancidity limit (10 mEq of oxigen/kg of fat, which would disqualify the product for consumption). The CIEL*a*b* color coordinates did not show significant differences keeping the colour in "a beige" tonality.

[Product development on the basis of cereal and leguminous flours to coeliac disease in children between 6-24 months; I: formulation and acceptability]. / Desarrollo de producto sobre la base de harinas de cereales y leguminosa para niños celíacos entre 6 y 24 meses; I: formulación y aceptabilidad.

The revaluation of the Andean cultivations, quinua (Chenopodium quinua Willd) and lupin (Lupinus albus L.), to be used in nutritional mixtures, with traditional cereals like corn (Zea mays L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.), originate mixtures without gluten which constitute a good alternative for the nutrition of children under 24 months that suffer from celiac disease, since they improve the quality of the protein, by essential amino acids compensation, and also impacts in the product's diversification strategy. In the present work, the percentage composition of each flour in the mixture was determined by means of Linear Programming by means of the Solver form from the Excel spreadsheet. Prolamines were determined in the quinua and lupin flours by the ELISA test and the HPLC technique was used in both products obtained called "sweet mix" and "dessert mix", to define the quantity of amino acids with the purpose of providing around the 15% of the proteins required in the day. The flour mixtures selected as optimum, sweet mix, suitable for the preparation of sweet pancakes, as well as for the dessert mix, that by addition of water or milk produce a semi solid dessert, were evaluated after three months of storage, being acceptable their microbiological, bromatological and sensorial requirements, corroborating the results with the good acceptance of the products, prepared from the formulated mixtures, by the children of two Day Care centers of the City of Antofagasta-Chile.

Desarrollo de una bebida de alto contenido proteico a partir de algarrobo, lupino y quinoa para la dieta de preescolares / Development of a high content protein beverage from chilean mesquite, lupine and quinoa for the diet of pre-schoolers

En la presente investigación se desarrolló una bebida de alto contenido proteico a partir de la mezcla de los extractos líquidos de un pseudocereal, quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) y de dos plantas leguminosas: algarrobo (Prosopis chilensis (Mol.) Stunz) y lupino (Lupinusalbus L.), provenientes del altiplano andino de la macro zona norte de Chile, saborizándose con pulpa de frambuesa, para contribuir en la alimentación de niños entre 2y 5 años de estrato socio-económico bajo con deficiencias nutricionales. La formulación se definió por Programación Lineal, se determinó su composición por análisis proximal y se realizaron pruebas físicas, microbiológicas y de aceptación sensorial. Al concluir los 90 días de almacenamiento la bebida obtuvo un contenido de proteínas de1,36%, siendo el triptófano el aminoácido limitante; por su parte, las coordenadas de cromaticidad del espacio de color CIEL*a*b* no presentaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) manteniéndose la tonalidad de "rosado oscuro", la viscosidad y la evaluación sensorial resultaron aceptables (AU)

This research was aimed at developing a high content protein beverage from the mixture of liquid extracts of apseudocereal, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) andtwo legumes: mesquite (Prosopis chilensis (Mol.) Stunz) and lupine (Lupinus albus L.), native from the Andeanhighlands of the Chilean northern macro-zone, flavored with raspberry pulp, to help in the feeding of children between 2 and 5 years of lower socioeconomic status with nutritional deficiencies. The formulation was defined by linear programming, its composition was determined by proximate analysis and physical, microbiological and sensory acceptance tests were performed. After 90 days of storage time, the beverage got a protein content of 1.36%,being tryptophan the limiting amino acid; for its part, the chromaticity coordinates of CIEL*a*b* color space showed no statistical significant differences (p < 0.05)maintaining the "dark pink" tonality, the viscosity and the sensory evaluation were acceptable for drinking (AU)

Desarrollo de producto sobre la base de harinas de cereales y leguminosa para niños celíacos entre 6 y 24 meses; I: Formulación y aceptabilidad / Product development on the basis of cereal and leguminous flours to coeliac disease in children between 6-24 months; I: Formulation and acceptability

La revalorización de los cultivos andinos, quinua (Chenopodiumquinua Willd) y lupino (Lupinus albus L), para ser utilizados en mezclas alimenticias, con cereales tradicionales como maíz (Zea mays L.) y arroz (Oryza sativa L.), originan mezclas sin gluten que constituyen una buena alternativa para la alimentación de niños menores de 24 meses que sufren la enfermedad celíaca, ya que mejoran la calidad de la proteína, por compensación de los aminoácidos es enciales,e incide en la diversificación de productos. En el presente trabajo se determinó la composición de los porcentajes de cada harina en la mezcla mediante Programación Lineal empleando la planilla Solver de la hoja de cálculo Excel. Se determinaron las prolaminas en las harinas de quinua y lupino por el método ELISA y se empleó la técnica delHPLC en los dos productos obtenidos, denominados “mezcladulce” y “mezcla postre”, para definir la cantidad de aminoácidos con la finalidad de suplementar alrededor del 15% de las proteínas requeridas en el día. Las mezclas deharina seleccionadas como óptimas, mezcla dulce, apropiada para la preparación de queques, así como para la mezcla postre, que por adición de agua o leche, da origen a un postre, se evaluaron después de tres meses de almacenamiento,siendo aceptables sus requisitos microbiológicos,bromatológicos y sensoriales, corroborándose los resultados,con la buena aceptación de los productos preparados a partir de las mezclas formuladas, por parte de los menores de 2 Jardines Infantiles de la Ciudad de Antofagasta-Chile (AU)

The revaluation of the Andean cultivations, quinua(Chenopodium quinua Willd) and lupin (Lupinus albusL.), to be used in nutritional mixtures, with traditional cereals like corn (Zea mays L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.),originate mixtures without gluten which constitute a good alternative for the nutrition of children under 24 monthsthat suffer from celiac disease, since they improve the quality of the protein, by essential amino acids compensation,and also impacts in the product’s diversification strategy. In the present work, the percentage composition of each flour in the mixture was determined by means of Linear Programming by means of the Solver form from the Excel spreadsheet. Prolamines were determined in the quinua and lupin flours by the ELISA test and theHPLC technique was used in both products obtainedcalled “sweet mix” and “dessert mix”, to define the quantity of amino acids with the purpose of providing aroundthe 15% of the proteins required in the day. The flourmixtures selected as optimum, sweet mix, suitable for thepreparation of sweet pancakes, as well as for the dessertmix, that by addition of water or milk produce a semisolid dessert, were evaluated after three months of storage,being acceptable their microbiological, bromatological and sensorial requirements, corroborating the results with the good acceptance of the products, prepared from the formulated mixtures, by the children of two Day Carecenters of the City of Antofagasta-Chile (AU)