[Pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine according to theory of preventive treatment of disease].

"Preventive treatment of disease" is one of the characteristics and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine. It is the most influential theory of traditional Chinese medicine. The core of the theory is "pre-prevention before disease", "prevention of disease from progress" and "prevention of recovery after disease", and the prevention concepts are "prevention of disease from deve-lopment" and "blockage and reversal". Based on the analysis of large numbers of ancient books, we put forward the overall pharmacovigilance theoretical frame that is composed of toxicity cognition, application, prevention and detoxification. With rich prospective prevention, the pharmacovigilance theory of traditional Chinese medicine was the essence of drug use experience in China for thousands of years. It coincides with the idea of preventing disease with precautions and preventing the occurrence of drug-induced diseases. This article intends to consider the theory and practice of pharmacovigilance of Chinese medicine from the "preventive treatment of disease", in order to provide reference for clinical safety medication. It has puts forward the practical measures of pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine, such as giving medical advice, paying attention to monitoring, preventing biological change, planning for the long term, preventing disease from changing, delaying the disease progress, protecting vital Qi, controlling internal disorder and preventing recurrence. It also indicated that pharmacovigilance of traditional Chinese medicine is an important part of the "preventive treatment of disease", and an important guarantee for the safe and rational use of medicines in clinical practice, which is conducive to protecting and promoting people's health and improving people's quality of life.

[Analysis of CiteSpace knowledge map for Cichorium intybus].

To analyze the study advance of Cichorium intybus, a kind of medicinal food, this study systematically retrieved Chinese and English literatures of C.intybus-related studies based on CNKI and the Web of Science database platforms by literature metrological research method and CiteSpace 5.5.R2 software, and visualized the literatures. A total of 1 247 Chinese literatures and 1 488 English literatures were included. Author analysis showed that HAN Yongfen in Guizhou Grass Industry Research Institute and W VAN DEN ENDE in Belgium Catholic University of Leuven had the most publications in Chinese and English C.intybus literatures respectively. ZHANG Bing's team was the core study team of C. intybus in China. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Belgium Catholic University of Leuven had the largest number of Chinese and English Cichorium literatures. There was a few cooperation between Chinese study institutions and close cooperation between foreign research institutions. Keywords analysis showed that C.intybus studies mainly focused on breeding and growth performance, composition analysis and content determination, nutritional value and medicinal value, in which C.intybus composition and its role in reducing uric acid were the hotspots of current studies. This study found that C.intybus has a high economic value and medicinal value, and its food nutrition and medicinal activity will be the main directions of future studies.

Weak plasmon-exciton coupling between monolayer molybdenum disulfide and aluminum disks.

Manipulation of the photoluminescence (PL) of monolayer (ML) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with metallic plasmonic nanostructures has attracted much more attention for potential applications in optoelectronic devices. However, due to the limitation of resonance wavelength and oxidation properties, gold and silver are not the best selections for manipulating PL of MoS2. Here, we employ aluminum (Al) disks to tune the PL of ML MoS2. We have found that PL enhancement reaches the maximum when plasmonic resonances of Al disks overlap with the absorption peaks of ML MoS2. Near-field simulations show that PL enhancement is due to weak plasmon-exciton coupling.

Compared cardiorespiratory endurance and musculoskeletal legs explosive power in students of Tsinghua University Beijing China and University of Sindh Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the health-related physical fitness status of students and the attributes of performance in terms of endurance and power. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan, and Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, during academic session of January 2012 to December 2013, and comprised an equal number of male and female students aged 18-23 years. Prior to the assessment, physical activity readiness questionnaire was filled by all the subjects, while standardised health-related physical fitness criterion was used to make comparisons in terms of oxygen consumption. . RESULTS: There were 600 subjects in all; 300(50%) at each of the two centres, and at both centres, there were 150(25%) boys and 150(25%) girls. Both for power and endurance, mean values of Chinese students were significantly better than their Pakistani counterparts (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Chinese students had better health-related physical fitness levels than Pakistani students of either gender.

Highly-sensitive organophosphorus pesticide biosensors based on CdTe quantum dots and bi-enzyme immobilized eggshell membranes.

An optical biosensing method using CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and bi-enzyme-immobilized eggshell membranes for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) has been developed. Increasing amounts of OPs led to a decrease of the enzymatic activity and thus a decrease in the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which can quench the fluorescence of the CdTe QDs. Under the optimum conditions, there was a good linear relationship between the enzyme inhibition percentage and the logarithm of paraoxon or parathion concentration in the range of 1.0 × 10(-11)-1.0 × 10(-6) mol L(-1). The detection limit (S/N = 3) of the proposed biosensors were as low as 4.30 × 10(-12) mol L(-1) for paraoxon and 2.47 × 10(-12) mol L(-1) for parathion. The bi-enzyme-immobilized eggshell membrane demonstrated a long shelf-life of at least 2 months and the results showed good repeatability. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of the OPs in real fruit samples with satisfactory results.

Sensitive fluorescence assay of organophosphorus pesticides based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer between CdTe quantum dots and porphyrin.

A sensitive and selective quantum dot (QD)-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor was successfully fabricated for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs). 5,10,15,20-Tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TPyP) with meso-pyridyl substituents was bound to the surface of CdTe QDs to produce self-assembled nanosensors, and the process of FRET between QDs and TPyP occurred. However, the process of FRET was switched off with the addition of OPs, due to the combination between TPyP and OPs. The fluorescence intensity of TPyP (donor) would decrease gradually with the increasing concentration of OPs. Under optimal conditions, a linear correlation was established between the fluorescence intensity ratio ITPyP/IQDs and the concentration of paraoxon in the range of 9.09 × 10(-12)-1.09 × 10(-6) mol L(-1) with a detection limit of 3.15 × 10(-12) mol L(-1). The attractive sensitivity was obtained due to the efficient FRET and the superior fluorescence properties of QDs. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of the OPs in real fruit samples with satisfactory results.

Recycling nanowire templates for multiplex templating synthesis: a green and sustainable strategy.

Template-directed synthesis of nanostructures has been emerging as one of the most important synthetic methodologies. A pristine nanotemplate is usually chemically transformed into other compounds and sacrificed after templating or only acts as an inert physical template to support the new components. If a nanotemplate is costly or toxic as waste, to recycle such a nanotemplate becomes highly desirable. Recently, ultrathin tellurium nanowires (TeNWs) have been demonstrated as versatile chemical or physical templates for the synthesis of a diverse family of uniform 1D nanostructures. However, ultrathin TeNWs as template are usually costly and are discarded as toxic waste in ionic species after chemical reactions or erosion. To solve the above problem, we conceptually demonstrate that such a nanotemplate can be economically recycled from waste solutions and repeatedly used as template.

Potassium dehydroandrographolide succinate injection for treat- ment of infantile pneumonia: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate systematically the clinical efficacy and safety of potassium dehydroandrographolide succinate injection (PDS) in treatment of infantile pneumonia. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of infantile pneumonia treated by PDS were searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, from January 1979 to July 2013. Two reviewers independently retrieved the RCTs and extracted the information. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias, and a Meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.2 software. RESULTS: A total of 9 studies with 1056 participants were included. The quality of the studies was generally no high, only one study mentioned the random method. The Meta-analysis indicated that PDS was significantly superior to the conventional therapy in the total effective rate [relative risk (RR) = 1.21, 95% CI (1.14, 1.27), P < 0.000 01], the time of temperature recovery [mean difference (MD) = -1.43, 95% CI (-1.75, -1.11), P < 0.000 01], rale disappeared and cough relieving [MD = -1.44, 95% CI (-1.93, -0.90), P < 0.000 01]. Six adverse drug reactions from five studies mainly represented rash and diarrhea, and no serious ADRs were reported. CONCLUSION: Based on this systematic review, PDS was proved effective and relatively safe in treatment of infantile pneumonia. However the articles enrolled in the study were not high in quality, studies with higher quality should be conducted for assessment of efficacy and safety of PDS in treatment of infantile pneumonia.

Investigation of the active ingredients and mechanism of Shuangling extract in dextran sulfate sodium salt induced ulcerative colitis mice based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pharmacodynamic effects and potential mechanisms of Shuangling extract against ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: The bioinformatics method was used to predict the active ingredients and action targets of Shuangling extract against UC in mice. And the biological experiments such as serum biochemical indexes and histopathological staining were used to verify the pharmacological effect and mechanism of Shuangling extract against UC in mice. RESULTS: The Shuangling extract reduced the levels of seruminterleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-N), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other inflammatory factors in UC mice and inhibited the inflammatory response. AKT Serine/threonine Kinase 1 and IL-6 may be the main targets of the anti-UC action of Shuangling extract, and the TNF signaling pathway, Forkhead box O signaling pathway and T-cell receptor signaling pathway may be the main signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: The Shuangling extract could inhibit the inflammatory response induced by UC and regulate intestinal immune function through multiple targets and multiple channels, which provided a new option and theoretical basis for anti-UC.

[Relationships between functional traits and litterfall nutrient return characteristics across 21 tree species in subtropical plantations]. / 亚热带21ä¸ªæ ‘ç§äººå·¥æž—åŠŸèƒ½æ€§çŠ¶ä¸Žå‡‹è½ç‰©å »åˆ†å½’è¿˜ç‰¹å¾çš„å ³ç³».

The contribution of litterfall nutrient return to the maintenance of soil carbon pool and nutrient cycling is a crucial aspect of forest ecosystem functioning. Taking 21 tree species in subtropical young plantations as subjects, we investigated the correlation between litterfall nutrient return characteristics and functional traits of leaf and root and. The results showed notable variations in litterfall production, standing crop, and nutrient return across all the examined tree species. Mytilaria laosensis exhibited the highest litterfall production (689.2 g·m-2·a-1) and standing crop (605.1 g·m-2), while Cryptomeria fortunei demonstrated the lowest litterfall production (36.0 g·m-2·a-1) and standing crop (10.0 g·m-2). The nitrogen and phosphorus return amounts of 21 species ranged from 3.0 to 48.3 kg·hm-2 and from 0.1 to 2.0 kg·hm-2, respectively. Castanopsis fissa demonstrated the highest nitrogen return, while Liquidambar formosana exhibited the highest phosphorus return. C. fortunei had the lowest nitrogen and phosphorus return. Results of the stepwise regression analysis indicated that litterfall production exhibited a significant negative correlation with leaf nitrogen content and leaf dry matter content, and a significant positive correlation with fine root tissue density. Additionally, leaf nitrogen content, leaf dry matter content, and specific root length had a significant negative impact on standing crop. The structural equation modelling results indicated that leaf dry matter content had a direct or indirect negative effect on nitrogen return amount through the reduction of litterfall production. Conversely, fine root tissue density had a significant positive impact on nitrogen return amount by increasing litter leaf nitrogen content. Both leaf nitrogen content and leaf dry matter content had direct or indirect negative effects on phosphorus return amount through the reduction of litterfall production. In conclusion, the tree species with low leaf nitrogen content and dry matter content, as well as high fine root tissue density, was recommended for the establishment of plantations in the subtropical zone in order to enhance nutrient cycling through litter decomposition and improve soil fertility and forest productivity.

Effects of restoration years on soil stoichiometric ratios in subtropical secondary forests.

Soil stoichiometric ratios serve as valuable indicators for the composition and quality of soil organic matter. While available studies predominantly examine the soil stoichiometric ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P), limited attention has been paid on the influence of forest restoration on soil stoichiometric ratios of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). We analyzed soil K, Ca, and Mg content, as well as elemental stoichiometric ratios, in secondary forests with varying restoration periods (5, 8, 21, 27 and 40 years) and a natural forest, in order to examine the impact of forest restoration on soil stoichiometry. The results showed that soil C and N contents decreased significantly with increasing soil layers. Soil stoichiometric ratios decreased significantly with increasing soil layers except for K:P, Mg:P, and P:Ca. With the increases of forest restoration years, soil C and N contents significantly increased in 0-10 cm soil layer, Ca content in 10-20 cm soil layer significantly increased, and total P content in 20-40 cm layer significantly decreased. However, soil K and Mg contents in each soil layer did not differ among five restoration ages. With the increases of restoration years, C:Ca, N:Ca and P:Ca in 0-10 cm soil layer significantly increased, and C:P, N:P, and K:P in 20-40 cm soil layer significantly increased, while P:Ca in 20-40 cm soil layer significantly decreased. In all soil layers, K:P and Mg:P were significantly and negatively correlated with soil total P content, and C:Ca and N:Ca were significantly and positively correlated with soil mineral N, available P, and available K content. With the increases of the restoration ages of secondary forests, soils are gradually P-limited and progressively restricted by Ca element in the later years, leading to the limitation of multiple nutrients.

Effects of stand ages on soil enzyme activities in Chinese fir plantations and natural secondary forests.

Forest type and stand age are important biological factors affecting soil enzyme activities. However, the changes in soil enzyme activities across stand ages and underlying mechanisms under the two forest restoration strate-gies of plantations and natural secondary forests remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the variations of four soil enzyme activities including cello-biohydrolase (CBH), ß-1,4-glucosidase (ßG), acid phosphatase (AP) and ß-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), which were closely associated with soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling, across Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations and natural secondary forests (5, 8, 21, 27 and 40 years old). The results showed that soil enzyme activities showed different patterns across different forest types. The acti-vities of AP, ßG and CBH in the C. lanceolata plantations were significantly higher than those in the natural secon-dary forests, and there was no significant difference in the NAG activity. In the plantations, AP activity showed a decreasing tendency with the increasing stand ages, with the AP activity in the 5-year-old plantations significantly higher than other stand ages by more than 62.3%. The activities of NAG and CBH decreased first and then increased, and ßG enzyme activity fluctuated with the increasing stand age. In the natural secondary forests, NAG enzyme activity fluctuated with the increasing stand age, with that in the 8-year-old and 27-year-old stand ages being significantly higher than the other stand ages by more than 14.9%. ßG and CBH enzyme activities increased first and then decreased, and no significant difference was observed in the AP activity. Results of the stepwise regression analyses showed that soil predictors explained more than 34% of the variation in the best-fitting models predicting soil enzyme activities in the C. lanceolata plantations and natural secondary forests. In conclusion, there would be a risk of soil fertility degradation C. lanceolata plantations with the increasing stand age, while natural secondary forests were more conducive to maintaining soil fertility.

Evaluation and comparison of physicochemical properties, volatile substances, and microbial communities of leaf mustard (Brassica juncea var. multiceps) under natural and inoculated fermentation.

Due to the uncontrolled fermentation process and unstable quality of naturally fermented leaf mustard, inoculated fermentation is receiving more attention. Here, the physicochemical properties, volatile compounds, and microbial community in leaf mustard under natural fermentation (NF) and inoculated fermentation (IF) were analyzed and compared. The contents of total acid, crude fiber, and nitrite of leaf mustard were measured. Headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and orthogonal projection on latent structure-discriminant analysis were used to analyze the differences of volatile compounds in NF and IF leaf mustard. Moreover, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to reveal the composition of microbiota. The results showed that the nitrite content in leaf mustard after IF (3.69 mg/kg) was significantly lower than that after NF (4.43 mg/kg). A total of 31 and 25 kinds of volatile components were identified in IF and NF, respectively. Among the detected compounds, 11 compounds caused the differences between IF and NF leaf mustard. The results of inter-group difference analysis showed that there were significant differences in fungal flora between IF and NF samples. Saccharomycetes, Kazachstania, and Ascomycota were the landmark microorganisms in IF leaf mustard and the landmark microorganisms in NF were Mortierellomycota, Sordariomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes. The abundance of probiotics (such as Lactobacillus) in IF leaf mustard (51.22%) was higher than that in NF (35.20%) and the abundance of harmful molds (such as Mortierella and Aspergillus) was opposite. Therefore, IF leaf mustard showed the potential to reduce the content of nitrite and harmful molds and increase the beneficial volatile compounds and probiotics. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Leaf mustard of inoculated fermentation (IF) showed better fermented characteristics than natural fermentation in terms of lower nitrite content, greater beneficial volatile substances, and better potential for increasing probiotics and reducing harmful molds. These results provided a theoretical basis for IF leaf mustard and contributed to the industrial production of fermented leaf mustard.

Linkages of soil CO2 emission with plant functional traits in young subtropical plantations.

Soil respiration is a key process in forest biogeochemical cycling. Exploring the relationship between plant functional traits and soil respiration can help understand the effects of tree species conversion on soil carbon cycling. In this study, we selected 15 common subtropical tree species planted in the logging site of second-generation Chinese fir forest to measure soil CO2 emission fluxes, soil physicochemical properties, leaf and root functional traits of each species, and explored the effects of plant functional traits on soil respiration. The results showed that the annual flux of soil CO2 emissions varied from 7.93 to 22.52 Mg CO2·hm-2, with the highest value under Castanopsis carlesii (22.52 Mg CO2·hm-2) and the lowest value under Taxus wallichiana (7.93 Mg CO2·hm-2). Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the annual flux of soil CO2 emission decreased with the increases of leaf nitrogen content and fine root diameter, and increased with increasing leaf non-structural carbohydrate. In the structural equation model, leaf non-structural carbohydrate had a direct and significant positive effect on soil CO2 emission fluxes, while leaf nitrogen content and fine root diameter had a direct negative effect by decreasing soil pH and soluble organic nitrogen content. Plantations of different tree species would affect soil CO2 emission directly by changing functional traits related to water and nutrient acquisition or indirectly through soil properties. When creating plantations, we should select tree species based on the relationship between plant functional traits and ecosystem functions, with a view to improving forest productivity and soil carbon sequestration potential.

Cross-linking methods of type I collagen-based scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

Cartilage defects are one of the hardest injures to cure, given the limited regenerative ability of cartilage tissues. Moreover, cartilage defects affect an increasing number of people worldwide. Therefore, scientists have attempted to develop effective strategies to repair cartilage defects in recent years. Recent advances in tissue engineering have led to the strategies for inducing cartilage regeneration. Among the emerging strategies, scaffolds are commonly used in cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) as they provide favorable environment for the growth and proliferation of chondrocytes. An ideal scaffolding material should be highly biocompatible. Type I collagen is one such material, which is widely used in CTE. However, type I collagen has poor mechanical properties and stability, which limit its use. Cross-linking is a simple method known to improve degradability, biological and mechanical properties of biomaterials by enhancing chemical and physical interactions between polymers. Cross-linking can be induced through chemical, physical or biological processes. In this review, we present cross-linking methods that can enhance the mechanical strength of type I collagen for CTE and highlight future directions in this field.

Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism in ICU Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study from the MIMIC-III Database.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and potentially lethal form of venous thromboembolic disease in ICU patients. A limited number of risk factors have been associated with PE in ICU patients. In this study, we aimed to screen the independent risk factors of PE in ICU patients that can be used to evaluate the patient's condition and provide targeted treatment. We performed a retrospective cohort study using a freely accessible critical care database Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III. The ICU patients were divided into two groups based on the incidence of PE. Finally, 9871 ICU patients were included, among which 204 patients (2.1%) had pulmonary embolism. During the multivariate logistic regression analysis, sepsis, hospital_LOS (the length of stay in hospital), type of admission, tumor, APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) and platelet were independent risk factors for patients for PE in ICU, with OR values of 1.471 (95%CI 1.001-2.162), 1.001 (95%CI 1.001-1.001), 3.745 (95%CI 2.187-6.414), 1.709 (95%CI 1.247-2.341), 1.014 (95%CI 1.010-1.017) and 1.002 (95%CI 1.001-1.003) (Ps < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the composite indicator had a higher predictive value for ICU patients with PE, with a ROC area under the curve (AUC) of 0.743 (95%CI 0.710 -0.776, p < 0.001). Finally, sepsis, tumor, platelet count, length of stay in the hospital, emergency admission and APTT were independent predictors of PE in ICU patients.

Value of Golgi protein 73 monoclonal antibody in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the sensitivity and specificity of Golgi protein 73 (GP73) monoclonal antibody in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Self-prepared GP73 monoclonal antibody was used as the primary antibody for detecting the serum GP73 levels in healthy controls(n=31)and HCC patients (n=59). The baseline level of the healthy controls was determined by semiquantitative analysis. The results were compared with those from GP73 polyclonal antibody and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). RESULTS: The GP73 level of healthy controls was 1.2 (0.9-1.7) relative unit (RU), which was significantly lower than that of HCC patients [5.7 (2.5-7.8) RU] (P<0.001) with monoclonal antibody. Using polyclonal antibody, the GP73 level of HCC patients was also significantly higher than healthy controls [7.8 (3.0-12.4) RU vs. 1.1 (1.0-2.0) RU, P<0.001]. The sensitivity and specificity of GP73 monoclonal antibody in diagnosis of HCC were 84.7% and 93.5%; on the contrary, those of GP73 polyclonal antibody were 78.0% and 93.5%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of AFP (67.8% and 74.2%, respectively) in the HCC patients were markedly lower than those of GP73. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio (OR) of GP73 monoclonal antibody was 7.18 and that of GP73 polyclonal antibody was 1.51. CONCLUSIONS: Our self-prepared monoclonal antibody can effectively detect GP73 serum level in HCC patients, and has higher sensitivity and specificity than AFP. It may be superior to the currently used GP73 polyclonal antibody. The results lay the foundation for the further development of ELISA methods by using this monoclonal antibody.

DEAD-box Helicase 27 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression Through ERK Signaling.

Introduction: DEAD-box helicase 27 (DDX27) belongs to DEAD-Box nucleic acid helicase family. The function of DDX27 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain enigmatic. In light of this, we tried to investigate the regulatory role and underlying mechanism of DDX27 in HCC. Materials and methods: DDX27 expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays in HCC tissues and cells. Colony formation, CCK-8, growth curve, wound healing and transwell assays were conducted to investigate the effect of DDX27 on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. RNA-sequencing was performed to detect the effect of DDX27 on downstream signaling pathway. The effect of DDX27 on HCC progression was evaluated using in vivo murine xenograft model. Results: we found an increased expression of DDX27 in HCC tissues with comparison to its para-tumor tissues. The high expression levels of DDX27 were associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. DDX27 upregulation promoted cell metastasis. Mechanistic studies suggested that DDX27 overexpression induces the major vault protein (MVP) expression and enhances the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2. Inhibition of ERK pathway impaired the cellular metastastic abilities induced by DDX27. The induction of DDX27 in HCC progression was further confirmed from tumors in mouse model. Conclusion: our results disclose a novel mechanism by which DDX27 enhances ERK signaling during HCC progression. DDX27 might be used in targeted therapy for HCC patients.

Therapeutic effect of SIRT3 on glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head via intracellular oxidative suppression.

Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GIONFH) is a serious complication after long-term or excess administration of clinical glucocorticoids intervention, and the pathogenic mechanisms underlying have not been clarified yet. Oxidative stress is considered as a major cause of bone homeostasis disorder. This study is aimed to explore the potential relevance between SIRT3 and GIONFH, as well as the effect of resveratrol, which has been reported for its role in SIRT3 activation, on dexamethasone-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial compromise in bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). In this study, our data showed that SIRT3 level was declined in GIONFH rat femoral head, corresponding to a resultant decrease of SIRT3 expression in dexamethasone-treated BMSCs in vitro. We also found that dexamethasone could result in oxidative injury in BMSCs, and resveratrol treatment reduced this deleterious effect via a SIRT3-dependent manner. Moreover, our results demonstrated that rewarding effect of resveratrol on BMSCs osteogenic differentiation was via activation of AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 axis. Meanwhile, resveratrol administration prevented the occurrence of GIONFH, enhanced SIRT3 expression and reduced oxidative level in GIONFH model rats. Therefore, our study provides basic evidence that SIRT3 may be a promising therapeutic target for GIONFH treatment and resveratrol could be an ideal agent for clinical uses.

Apelin-13 induces mitophagy in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to suppress intracellular oxidative stress and ameliorate osteoporosis by activation of AMPK signaling pathway.

Osteoporosis is characterized by impaired bone metabolism. Current estimates show that it affects millions of people worldwide and causes a serious socioeconomic burden. Mitophagy plays key roles in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteoblastic differentiation, mineralization, and survival. Apelin is an endogenous adipokine that participates in bone homeostasis. This study was performed to determine the role of Apelin in the osteoporosis process and whether it affects mitophagy, survival, and osteogenic capacity of BMSCs in in vitro and in vivo models of osteoporosis. Our results demonstrated that Apelin was down-regulated in ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis rats and Apelin-13 treatment activated mitophagy in BMSCs, ameliorating oxidative stress and thereby reviving osteogenic function via AMPK-α phosphorylation. Besides, Apelin-13 administration restored bone mass and microstructure as well as reinstated mitophagy, enhanced osteogenic function in OVX rats. Collectively, our findings reveal the intrinsic mechanisms underlying Apelin-13 regulation in BMSCs and its potential therapeutic values in the treatment of osteoporosis.