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1.
Matern Child Health J ; 25(9): 1447-1454, 2021 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34151395

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) has been associated with adverse infant developmental outcomes; however, the influence of the number of father-figures (abusive vs non-abusive) has on young infants' risk for neurodevelopmental delays has not been examined. PROCEDURES: A secondary data analysis was conducted from the Domestic Violence Enhanced Perinatal Home Visits (DOVE) study of abused pregnant women (N = 239) and their infants' neurodevelopment from baseline through 12-months postpartum. RESULTS: Although all women reported decreased violence from baseline to 12 months postpartum, there was a significant main effect between baseline IPV scores and infant risk for developmental delay at 12 months (ß = .19; p < .05) and a significant interaction between baseline IPV scores and multiple partner categories (ß = .89; p < .01). Women in the single abusive partner category demonstrated a negative association between baseline IPV and 12-month infant risk scores (ß = -.56; p < .01). Whereas women in the mixed and multiple abusive partner groups demonstrated a positive association between IPV and infant risk scores (ß = .32; p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that an infant's neurodevelopment is impacted by exposure to violence in the home. Additional research is needed to examine the full impact, not only the effects of single and/or abusive partners on child development, but also the possible effect of multiple non-abusive partners on development.


Asunto(s)
Violencia Doméstica , Violencia de Pareja , Niño , Padre , Femenino , Visita Domiciliaria , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Periodo Posparto , Embarazo
2.
Opt Express ; 26(23): 30532-30545, 2018 Nov 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30469951

RESUMEN

Analog photonic links require high-fidelity, high-speed optical-to-electrical conversion for applications such as radio-over-fiber, synchronization at kilometer-scale facilities, and low-noise electronic signal generation. Photodetector nonlinearity is a particularly vexing problem, causing signal distortion and excess noise, especially in systems utilizing ultrashort optical pulses. Here we show that photodetectors designed for high power handling and high linearity can perform optical-to-electrical conversion of ultrashort optical pulses with unprecedented linearity over a large photocurrent range. We also corroborate and expand upon the physical understanding of how the broadband, complex impedance of the circuit following the photodiode modifies the linearity - in some cases quite significantly. By externally manipulating the circuit impedance, we extend the detector's linear range to higher photocurrents, with over 50 dB rejection of amplitude-to-phase conversion for photocurrents up to 40 mA. This represents a 1000-fold improvement over state-of-the-art photodiodes and significantly extends the attainable microwave power by a factor of four. As such, we eliminate the long-standing requirement in ultrashort pulse detection of precise tuning of the photodiode's operating parameters to coincide with a nonlinearity minimum. These results should also apply more generally to reduce nonlinear distortion in a range of other microwave photonics applications.

3.
Cephalalgia ; 30(9): 1065-72, 2010 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20713557

RESUMEN

The present study assessed age- and sex-specific patterns of migraine prevalence in a US population of 40,892 men, women, and children who participated in the 2003 National Health Interview Survey. Gaussian mixture models characterised the relationship between migraine, age, and sex. Migraine prevalence was 8.6% (males), 17.5% (females), and 13.2% (overall) and showed a bimodal distribution in both sexes (peaking in the late teens and 20s and around 50 years of age). Rate of change in migraine prevalence for both sexes increased the fastest from age 3 years to the mid-20s. Beyond the age of 10 years, females had a higher prevalence of migraine than males. The prevalence ratio for females versus males was highest during the female reproductive/child-bearing years, consistent with a relationship between menstruation and migraine. After age 42 years, the prevalence ratio was approximately 2-fold higher in women.


Asunto(s)
Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Trastornos Migrañosos/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Menstruación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Distribución por Sexo , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
4.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 16735, 2020 10 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33028858

RESUMEN

We report on engineering impact ionization characteristics of In0.53Ga0.47As/Al0.48In0.52As superlattice avalanche photodiodes (InGaAs/AlInAs SL APDs) on InP substrate to design and demonstrate an APD with low k-value. We design InGaAs/AlInAs SL APDs with three different SL periods (4 ML, 6 ML, and 8 ML) to achieve the same composition as Al0.4Ga0.07In0.53As quaternary random alloy (RA). The simulated results of an RA and the three SLs predict that the SLs have lower k-values than the RA because the electrons can readily reach their threshold energy for impact ionization while the holes experience the multiple valence minibands scattering. The shorter period of SL shows the lower k-value. To support the theoretical prediction, the designed 6 ML and 8 ML SLs are experimentally demonstrated. The 8 ML SL shows k-value of 0.22, which is lower than the k-value of the RA. The 6 ML SL exhibits even lower k-value than the 8 ML SL, indicating that the shorter period of the SL, the lower k-value as predicted. This work is a theoretical modeling and experimental demonstration of engineering avalanche characteristics in InGaAs/AlInAs SLs and would assist one to design the SLs with improved performance for various SWIR APD application.

5.
Science ; 206(4416): 333-5, 1979 Oct 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17733682

RESUMEN

The sorption rate and metabolic fate of nitrogen dioxide, a major air pollutant, have been determined for Phaseolus vulgaris (L.). Sorption was determined kinetically by chemiluminescent monitoring of (15)NO(2) removal from the test atmosphere and directly by mass spectrometric analysis of nitrogen derived from the plant tissue. Sorptive processes were first order with respect to (15)NO(2) concentration. Virtually all of the (15)NO(2) taken up was metabolized.

6.
Br J Anaesth ; 102(2): 210-5, 2009 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19151049

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: We compared the lidocaine/tetracaine patch [Synera (USA), Rapydan (Europe)], a novel heat-aided patch using a eutectic mixture of lidocaine 70 mg and tetracaine 70 mg, with a eutectic mixture of lidocaine 25 mg ml(-1) and prilocaine 25 mg ml(-1) (EMLA Cream). The agents were administered at different time periods for local topical anaesthesia before a vascular access procedure. METHODS: In this double-blind, paired study, 82 adult volunteers were randomized to receive the lidocaine/tetracaine patch on one anticubital surface and lidocaine/prilocaine cream on the other concurrently for 10, 20, 30, or 60 min before a vascular access procedure. Subjects rated pain intensity using a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Skin reactions and adverse events were also evaluated. RESULTS: Median VAS scores were significantly lower for the lidocaine/tetracaine patch than for lidocaine/prilocaine cream in the 10 min (P=0.010), 20 min (P=0.042), and 30 min (P=0.001) application groups. The lidocaine/tetracaine patch was associated with significantly more erythema than lidocaine/prilocaine cream at 20, 30, and 60 min, whereas lidocaine/prilocaine cream produced more blanching than the lidocaine/tetracaine patch at 30 and 60 min. Two subjects reported nausea and faintness associated with the vascular access procedure; one was withdrawn from the study. CONCLUSIONS: The lidocaine/tetracaine patch provided effective anaesthesia with an application time as short as 10 min and was better than lidocaine/prilocaine cream at all application times shorter than 60 min, demonstrating a substantial improvement in time to onset of anaesthesia. The lidocaine/tetracaine patch provided an important alternative to lidocaine/prilocaine cream for topical local anaesthesia.


Asunto(s)
Anestésicos Locales/administración & dosificación , Lidocaína/administración & dosificación , Flebotomía/efectos adversos , Prilocaína/administración & dosificación , Tetracaína/administración & dosificación , Administración Cutánea , Adolescente , Adulto , Anestesia Local/métodos , Anestésicos Combinados/administración & dosificación , Método Doble Ciego , Combinación de Medicamentos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Femenino , Calor , Humanos , Combinación Lidocaína y Prilocaína , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pomadas , Dolor/etiología , Dolor/prevención & control , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Adulto Joven
7.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot ; 15(4): 221-31, 2008 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19051085

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was to review original research on the intersection of violence against women by intimate partners and risk for HIV infection and highlight opportunities for new research and programme development. Seventy-one articles presenting original, peer-reviewed research conducted with females aged 12 years and older in heterosexual relationships during the past decade (1998-2007) were reviewed. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they addressed intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and HIV/AIDS as mutual risk factors. The prevalence of IPV and HIV infection among women varies globally, but females remain at elevated risk for both IPV and sexually transmitted/HIV infection, independently and concurrently. Comparisons between sero-negative and -positive women varied by geographic region; African HIV-positive women reported higher rates of victimisation while findings were inconsistent for HIV-positive women in the USA. Studies among various populations support the existence of a temporally and biologically complex relationship between HIV risk, lifetime exposure to violence and substance use, which are further complicated by gender and sexual decision-making norms. A possible link between violence-related post traumatic stress disorder and comorbid depression on immunity to HIV acquisition and HIV disease progression warrants further investigation. Sexual risk related to IPV works through both male and female behaviour, physiological consequences of violence and affects women across the lifespan. Further physiological and qualitative research is needed on the mechanisms of enhanced transmission; prospective studies are critical to address issues of causality and temporality. Prevention efforts should focus on the reduction of male-perpetrated IPV and male HIV risk behaviours in intimate partnerships.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Maltrato Conyugal/prevención & control , Maltrato Conyugal/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud de la Mujer , Femenino , Humanos , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo
8.
Endocrinology ; 131(2): 970-2, 1992 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1639034

RESUMEN

11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-OHSD) converts the active glucocorticoid corticosterone to inactive 11-dehydrocorticosterone in rat (or cortisol to cortisone in man), thereby protecting renal mineralocorticoid receptors from corticosterone or cortisol and allowing preferential access for aldosterone. Recent work suggests that a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent 11 beta-OHSD isoform is expressed in distal renal tubule, in contrast with the hepatic isoform which is NAD(+)-phosphate (NADP+)-dependent. To establish the distribution of the NAD(+)-dependent isoform we measured in vitro conversion of [3H]corticosterone to [3H]11-dehydrocorticosterone in homogenized rat tissues in the presence of NADP+ or NAD+. In most tissues (liver, testis, hippocampus, heart, aorta, mesenteric artery) NADP+ increased activity and NAD+ was without effect. However, in whole renal cortex, colon, placenta, and lung both NADP+ and NAD+ increased activity. No difference in cofactor utilization was demonstrated between proximal and distal renal tubules following density gradient separation. This distribution of NAD(+)-dependent activity corresponds with: (i) the distribution of multiple mRNA and/or protein species of 11 beta-OHSD; (ii) the distribution of aldosterone-specific mineralocorticoid receptors; and (iii) the equilibrium between active and inactive glucocorticoids in each tissue. We suggest that the tissue-specific expression of isoforms of 11 beta-OHSD with different kinetic properties confers on them diverse roles in modulating corticosteroid receptor activation.


Asunto(s)
Hidroxiesteroide Deshidrogenasas/análisis , NAD/farmacología , 11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Deshidrogenasas , Animales , Colon/enzimología , Corticosterona/análogos & derivados , Corticosterona/metabolismo , Femenino , Hidroxiesteroide Deshidrogenasas/metabolismo , Corteza Renal/enzimología , Pulmón/enzimología , NADP/farmacología , Placenta/enzimología , Ratas , Ratas Endogámicas , Distribución Tisular
9.
Psychoneuroendocrinology ; 15(5-6): 485-8, 1990.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1966303

RESUMEN

Hypersecretion of cortisol is associated with depression. Because corticosterone may show greater responsiveness than cortisol to exogenous ACTH in depression and it has behavioural effects in rodents, we determined whether depression is also associated with hypersecretion of corticosterone. Both cortisol and corticosterone were significantly elevated in depression, with greatest differences from control subjects during the afternoon and evening. The ratio of corticosterone/cortisol was constant and similar throughout the day in both depressed patients and controls. We conclude that there is no disproportionate endogenous hypersecretion of corticosterone in depression.


Asunto(s)
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiología , Corticosterona/sangre , Trastorno Depresivo/sangre , Adolescente , Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica/farmacología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad
10.
Chest ; 72(6): 780-2, 1977 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-923315

RESUMEN

A unique association between desquamative interstitial pneumonia and granulomatous lymphadenopathy in a six-year-old black girl is presented. Although clinical and laboratory improvement followed corticosteroid therapy, fairly severe restrictive pulmonary disease persisted.


Asunto(s)
Granuloma/complicaciones , Enfermedades Linfáticas/complicaciones , Fibrosis Pulmonar/complicaciones , Niño , Femenino , Granuloma/tratamiento farmacológico , Granuloma/patología , Humanos , Enfermedades Linfáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Linfáticas/patología , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Fibrosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Fibrosis Pulmonar/patología
11.
Health Aff (Millwood) ; 19(3): 26-39, 2000.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10812779

RESUMEN

Japan has moved decisively toward "socialization of care" for the frail elderly by initiating public, mandatory long-term care insurance (LTCI) on 1 April 2000. The LTCI program covers both institutional and community-based caregiving. Everyone age forty and older pays premiums. Everyone age sixty-five and older is eligible for benefits based strictly on physical and mental disability, in six categories of need. Benefits are all services, with no cash allowance for family care, and are generous, covering 90 percent of need. Long-term costs seemed not to be a major consideration in program design. Consumers can choose the services and providers they want, including use of for-profit companies.


Asunto(s)
Seguro de Cuidados a Largo Plazo , Adulto , Anciano , Determinación de la Elegibilidad , Financiación Gubernamental , Anciano Frágil , Humanos , Seguro de Cuidados a Largo Plazo/economía , Japón
12.
Health Aff (Millwood) ; 18(3): 56-75, 1999.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10388203

RESUMEN

Japan's universal and egalitarian health care system helps to keep its population healthy at an exceptionally low cost. Its financing and delivery systems have been adapted over the years in a gradual way that preserves balance. In particular, its mandatory fee schedule has proved to be effective in controlling spending by manipulating prices. Today, with severe fiscal problems, pressures are mounting for more radical reforms. However, these proposals attack the wrong problems and are impractical. Real problems include inequitable health insurance financing and insufficient regard for quality of hospital care. We suggest incremental reforms that would improve these situations.


Asunto(s)
Reforma de la Atención de Salud , Programas Nacionales de Salud/organización & administración , Sistema de Pago Simple/economía , Control de Costos , Tabla de Aranceles , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Política de Salud , Humanos , Japón , Programas Nacionales de Salud/economía , Cobertura Universal del Seguro de Salud
13.
Am J Prev Med ; 19(4): 279-85, 2000 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11064232

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this paper is to describe women's opinions and policy preferences concerning domestic violence screening and mandatory reporting. METHODS: This case-control study included 202 abused women and 240 randomly selected non-abused women recruited from a large metropolitan health maintenance organization who were interviewed by telephone. Of these women, 46.6% had a college degree, 53.4% were white, and 60% had a household income of $50,000 or more. RESULTS: Forty-eight percent of the sample agreed that health care providers should routinely screen all women, with abused women 1.5 times more likely than non-abused women to support this policy. For mandatory reporting, 48% preferred that it be the woman's decision to report abuse to the police. Women thought it would be easier for abused women to get help with routine screening (86%) and mandatory reporting (73%), although concerns were raised about increased risk of abuse with both screening (43%) and reporting (52%) policies. Two thirds of the sample thought women would be less likely to tell their health care providers about abuse under a mandatory reporting policy. Interventions offered in managed care settings that would be well received, according to the women in this study, include counseling services, shelters, and confidential hotlines. CONCLUSIONS: Women expressed fears and concerns about negative consequences of routine screening and, even more so, for mandatory reporting. Domestic violence policies and protocols need to address the safety, autonomy, and confidentiality issues that concern women.


Asunto(s)
Notificación Obligatoria , Tamizaje Masivo , Maltrato Conyugal/diagnóstico , Maltrato Conyugal/prevención & control , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Intervalos de Confianza , Violencia Doméstica/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Participación del Paciente , Valores de Referencia , Medición de Riesgo , Muestreo , Estados Unidos , Salud de la Mujer
14.
Psychiatr Clin North Am ; 20(2): 353-74, 1997 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9196919

RESUMEN

The battering of female partners and the concomitant emotional abuse that is almost always part of the coercive control have significant mental and physical health consequences for the women who experience this type of violence. Children who live in households fraught with the conflict, violence, and unpredictable danger of domestic violence often witness the battering of their mothers and may also be victims of child abuse themselves. This article highlights current knowledge regarding the mental and physical health effects of intimate partner violence on women and their children, and discusses needed directions for screening, intervention, research, and changes in the health care system.


PIP: This article reviews the literature on the effects of domestic violence on women and children. The introduction notes that domestic violence affects millions of women in the US each year, significantly increasing their health problems and their use of the health care system. The next sections review the incidence of mortality related to such abuse and women's physical health sequelae from battering. Consideration of women's mental health consequences focuses on the traumatic response framework that has been developed to conceptualize the psychological effects of domestic violence. The article then considers studies of abuse during pregnancy. Next, the article turns to the children of battered women, noting how they often fit the description of traumatized children but that there have been no studies to date of the existence among them of post-traumatic stress disorder. After looking at studies that marked children's responses to traumatic events and the effects of domestic violence on the children, the review examines work that revealed developmental differences in children from violent homes. The article then points to several limitations in prior research in the area of domestic violence and highlights the lack of experimental evaluation of treatments or interventions. Next, research into possible opportunities for routine screening and intervention is considered. The article concludes by documenting the need for a change in the health care system so that it can respond appropriately to the needs of battered women.


Asunto(s)
Violencia Doméstica , Estado de Salud , Salud Mental , Adulto , Mujeres Maltratadas/psicología , Niño , Femenino , Homicidio , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Salud de la Mujer
15.
Clin Chim Acta ; 79(2): 379-85, 1977 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-890973

RESUMEN

5'-AMP aminohydrolase activities in red blood cells from normal human adults and from patients with pseudohypertrophic dystrophy, myotonic dystrophy, limb girdle dystrophy, neuromuscular atrophy, Charcot-Marie Tooth Disease, and spinal muscular atrophy were examined. In contrast to the greatly decreased skeletal muscular levels of 5'-AMP aminohydrolase observed in Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, levels in red blood cells of all patients were not significantly different from normals. Pyruvate kinase and creatine kinase activities were determined for comparative purposes. The density distribution of normal and dystrophic erythrocytes were essentially identical.


Asunto(s)
AMP Desaminasa/sangre , Eritrocitos/enzimología , Distrofias Musculares/enzimología , Nucleótido Desaminasas/sangre , Adulto , Creatina Quinasa/sangre , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Piruvato Quinasa/sangre
16.
Semin Perinatol ; 19(4): 301-6, 1995 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8560296

RESUMEN

It has been established that battering during pregnancy is a frequently occurring and significantly deleterious phenomena. This article reviews the evidence regarding dynamics, prevalence, outcomes, and cultural and other influences on this issue. Although tested interventions for abuse during pregnancy are limited, there are clear indications from research with other battered women for directions to be taken.


PIP: Battering during pregnancy is a frequently occurring and significantly deleterious phenomenon and has received increasing attention in the areas of both research and practice. This article reviews the research conducted in the US related to battering during pregnancy, along with implications for interventions. In particular, the paper outlines the results of these studies concerning the prevalence of battering, its dynamics, health-related correlates, outcomes, and cultural influences. Although tested interventions for abuse during pregnancy are limited, there are clear indications from research with other battered women for directions to be taken. Addressing abuse during pregnancy is both a significant health enhancement and an important aspect of confronting other serious threats to maternal and infant health.


Asunto(s)
Mujeres Maltratadas , Complicaciones del Embarazo/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Atención Perinatal/organización & administración , Embarazo , Atención Prenatal/organización & administración
17.
Physiol Behav ; 14(1): 65-73, 1975 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1153536

RESUMEN

In the first experiment gonadectomized male rats were injected daily with various combinations of vehicle (V), estradiol benzoate (E), dihydrotestosterone (D) and/or the anti-androgen cyproterone acetate (CA). The eight treatment combinations consisted of V, E, D, CA, E + D, E + CA, D + CA and E + D + CA. Only those males treated with both E and D were found to display ejaculations. Concurrent treatment with CA completely blocked ejaculatory behavior and it significantly reduced both mount and intromission frequencies. Examination of peripheral androgen target tissues indicated that following stimulation with D, CA effectively reduced seminal vesicle and penile weights, and penile lengths, but it did not reduce penile spines. In the second experiment gonadectomized female rats were treated with two daily injections of E, E + CA or E + the anti-estrogen CI-628. A second set of gonadectomized females received three daily injections of testosterone (T), T + CA or T + CI-628. On the day after completion of these injections all females received progesterone and were tested for sexual receptivity three hours later. Both E and T treated females were found to display the lordotic posture in response to mounting stimulation while both CI-628 and CA were found to block this behavior. In E treated females, CI-628 and CA were also found to reduce uterine weight. Thus, CA was shown to have anti-estrogenic as well as anti-androgenic properties. These results were discussed in terms of the aromatization and 5alpha reduction theories of testosterone action in sexual behavior.


Asunto(s)
Andrógenos/fisiología , Estrógenos/fisiología , Conducta Sexual Animal/fisiología , Animales , Peso Corporal , Castración , Ciproterona/farmacología , Dihidrotestosterona/farmacología , Estradiol/farmacología , Femenino , Masculino , Nitromifeno/farmacología , Tamaño de los Órganos , Pene/anatomía & histología , Pene/fisiología , Ratas , Vesículas Seminales/fisiología , Conducta Sexual Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Testosterona/fisiología , Útero/fisiología
18.
Acad Emerg Med ; 8(2): 131-8, 2001 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11157288

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a system-change model of training from the Family Violence Prevention Fund and the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Domestic Violence for improving the effectiveness of emergency department (ED) response to intimate partner violence (IPV). METHODS: An experimental design with outcomes measured at baseline, 9-12, and 18-24 months post-intervention. Twelve hospitals in Pennsylvania and California with 20,000-40,000 annual ED visits were randomly selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control conditions. Emergency department teams (physician, nurse, social worker) from each experimental hospital and a local domestic violence advocate participated in a two-day didactic information and team planning intervention. RESULTS: The experimental hospitals were significantly higher than the control hospitals on a staff knowledge and attitude measure (F = 5.57, p = 0.019), on all components of the "culture of the ED" system-change indicator (F = 5.72, p = 0.04), and in patient satisfaction (F = 15.43, p < 0.001) after the intervention. There was no significant difference in the identification rates of battered women (F = 0.411, p = 0.52) (although the linear comparison was in the expected direction) in the medical records of the experimental and control hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: A system-change model of IPV ED training was effective in improving staff attitudes and knowledge about battered women and in protocols and staff training, as well as patient information and satisfaction. However, change in actual clinical practice was more difficult to achieve and may be influenced by institutional policy.


Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Mujeres Maltratadas , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital/organización & administración , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Organizacionales , Salud Pública/educación , Estados Unidos
19.
Cutis ; 56(5): 279-80, 1995 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8565613

RESUMEN

Hailey-Hailey disease (chronic benign familial pemphigus) is a blistering disease characterized by episodic maceration and erosions in areas subject to friction and trauma such as the neck, axilla, and other intertriginous areas. We report a case in which a griseofulvin-induced drug eruption led to a generalized vesiculobullous eruption requiring treatment in a burn treatment center. This emphasizes that Hailey-Hailey disease, usually confined to relatively small areas, has the potential to cause blistering throughout the epidermis under certain conditions.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/efectos adversos , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Griseofulvina/efectos adversos , Pénfigo Familiar Benigno/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Cutáneas Vesiculoampollosas/inducido químicamente , Administración Cutánea , Antiinfecciosos Locales/administración & dosificación , Antiinfecciosos Locales/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nitrato de Plata/administración & dosificación , Nitrato de Plata/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Cutáneas Vesiculoampollosas/tratamiento farmacológico
20.
Clin Nurs Res ; 9(3): 217-37, 2000 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11276617

RESUMEN

Intimate partner violence is widespread and results in significant negative mental and physical health outcomes for women. This article is a review of nursing research on intimate partner violence and women's reproductive health and focuses on studies published since 1995, building on prior reviews. We begin with research on forced sex and the resulting physical and emotional trauma as well as implications for contraception, STD/HIV prevention, and condom use negotiation. We then discuss several approaches to the study of abuse during pregnancy, including several studies of nursing interventions. We conclude with the clinical implications of these studies.


Asunto(s)
Mujeres Maltratadas , Violación , Medicina Reproductiva , Investigación en Enfermería Clínica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Embarazo
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