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This research aimed to explore whether Chidamide works synergistically with Dasatinib in the therapy of Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the potential molecular mechanism. The inhibition rate of the Dasatinib and Chidamide combination was significantly better than that of the single-drug application for HL-60 cells. The combination of Dasatinib and Chidamide significantly enhanced the Abnormal histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity of Chidamide in Kasumi-1 and HL-60 cells. In the combined group, the proportion of S phase was significantly decreased, and the proportions of G2/M phase were significantly increased. The inhibitory rate of CD34+ CD38- HL-60 cells or Kasumi-1 cells was elevated when the cells were disposed with both Chidamide and Dasatinib. Dasatinib and Chidamide had synergistic antitumor effect. The combination with Dasatinib enhanced the HDAC inhibitory activity of Chidamide, promoted cell apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest of AML cells, and enhanced the inhibition of leukemia stem cell proliferation.
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Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Humanos , Dasatinib/farmacología , Dasatinib/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patología , Apoptosis , Puntos de Control del Ciclo Celular , Aminopiridinas/farmacología , Aminopiridinas/uso terapéutico , Proliferación CelularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening disorder characterized by systemic inflammation and organ failure as a result of dysregulated immune cell activation. HLH can be induced by a variety of factors including infection, tumours and autoimmune disease and can also occur in patients following solid organ transplantation. Occurrence of HLH and lupus nephritis (LN) successively within a short period of time after renal transplantation is uncommon. CASE PRESENTATION: We described an 11-year-old female post-transplant patient who presented with hemocytopenia, fever, elevated serum ferritin, splenomegaly, hyperlipidemia, and hypofibrinemia, and was clinically diagnosed with HLH. After comprehensive treatment with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and reducing immunosuppressants, her condition improved, but then hematuria ensued. The transplant kidney biopsy showed LN. She was treated with hydroxychloroquine and methylprednisolone while intensive immunosuppressive agents were given. She has remained in remission for two years until now. CONCLUSIONS: The main inducing factors of HLH should be identified as early as possible, and accurate treatment plans should be taken. The long-course IVIG regimen may be one of the effective treatments for virus-induced HLH. After remission of HLH, we need to be alert to the recurrence of autoimmune diseases in patients with underlying diseases, and timely increase immunosuppressants.
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Trasplante de Riñón , Nefritis Lúpica , Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica , Virosis , Humanos , Niño , Femenino , Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica/diagnóstico , Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfohistiocitosis Hemofagocítica/etiología , Trasplante de Riñón/efectos adversos , Nefritis Lúpica/complicaciones , Nefritis Lúpica/diagnóstico , Nefritis Lúpica/tratamiento farmacológico , Inmunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapéutico , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Riñón , Virosis/complicacionesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a critical role in ischemic brain injury by mediating the inflammatory response. The microRNA miR-185-5p suppresses inflammatory signaling by targeting TLR4. This study investigates whether overexpressing miR-182-5p in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) could potentiate the neuroprotective effects of BM-MSCs in a mouse model of ischemic brain injury. METHODS: We isolated BM-MSCs from mice, transfected the cells with miR-182-5p mimic, determined their MSC lineage through flow cytometry analysis of surface markers, examined miR-182-5p and TLR4 expression levels, and injected them into mice undergone middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). MSC transplanted mice were subjected to behavior assays to determine cognitive and motor functions and biochemical analysis to determine neuroinflammation and TLR4/NF-κB in the ischemic hemisphere. RESULTS: We found that BM-MSCs overexpressing miR-182-5p showed reduced TLR4 expression without affecting their MSC lineage. Mice transplanted with miR-182-5p overexpressing BM-MSCs after MCAO showed significantly improved cognitive and motor functions and reduced neuroinflammation, including suppressed microglial M1 polarization, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and inhibited TLR4/ NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that overexpressing miR-182-5p in BM-MSCs can enhance the neuroprotective effects of BM-MSCs against ischemic brain injury by suppressing TLR4-mediated inflammatory response.
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Lesiones Encefálicas , Isquemia Encefálica , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , MicroARNs , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Animales , Ratones , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Médula Ósea/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/metabolismo , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/genética , Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/genética , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/terapia , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Citocinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes long term neurological abnormality or death. Oxidative stress is closely involved in ICH mediated brain damage. Steroid receptor cofactor 3 (SRC-3), a p160 family member, is widely expressed in the brain and regulates transactivation of Nrf2, a key component of antioxidant response. Our study aims to test if SRC-3 is implicated in ICH mediated brain injury. We first examined levels of SRC-3 and oxidative stress in the brain of mice following ICH and analyzed their correlation. Then ICH was induced in wild type (WT) and SRC-3 knock out mice and how SRC-3 deletion affected ICH induced brain damage, oxidative stress and behavioral outcome was assessed. We found that SRC-3 mRNA and protein expression levels were reduced gradually after ICH induction in WT mice along with an increase in oxidative stress levels. Correlation analysis revealed that SRC-3 mRNA levels negatively correlated with oxidative stress. Deletion of SRC-3 further increased ICH induced brain edema, neurological deficit score and oxidative stress and exacerbated ICH induced behavioral abnormality including motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Our findings suggest that SRC-3 is involved in ICH induced brain injury, probably through modulation of oxidative stress.
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Hemorragia Cerebral/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/metabolismo , Coactivador 3 de Receptor Nuclear/deficiencia , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Animales , Hemorragia Cerebral/genética , Masculino , Aprendizaje por Laberinto/fisiología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Noqueados , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/genética , Coactivador 3 de Receptor Nuclear/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic cancer caused by the abnormal expansion of plasma cells, but the exact mechanism underlying MM development is not completely known. Recently, multiple long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were implicated in the regulation of MM development. METHODS: Samples from patients with MM were collected and detected for LINC00461 expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). LINC00461 was knocked down in MM cell lines by short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to measure its effect on MM cell proliferation and apoptosis. The function of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived exosomes was analyzed using chamber assays. RESULTS: LINC00461 was highly expressed in MM. Knockdown of LINC00461 dramatically reduced MM cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Further study showed that LINC00461 relieved the inhibitory effect of microRNA (miR)-15a/miR-16 on BCL-2. In addition, we observed that MSC-derived exosomes promoted MM cell proliferation through LINC00461. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that LINC00461, a sponge for miR-15a/16, is highly expressed in MSC-derived exosomes, and enhances MM cell proliferation, which may become an excellent candidate for therapeutic applications.
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Apoptosis , Proliferación Celular , Exosomas/metabolismo , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Mieloma Múltiple/patología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular , Células Cultivadas , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Humanos , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , Células Plasmáticas/fisiología , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
Stem cell-based therapies have been reported in protecting cerebral infarction-induced neuronal dysfunction and death. However, most studies used rat/mouse neuron as model cell when treated with stem cell or exosomes. Whether these findings can be translated from rodent to humans has been in doubt. Here, we used human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons to detect the protective potential of exosomes against ischemia. Neurons were treated with in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 1 h. For treatment group, different exosomes were derived from neuron, embryonic stem cell, neural progenitor cell and astrocyte differentiated from H9 human embryonic stem cell and added to culture medium 30 min after OGD (100 µg/mL). Western blotting was performed 12 h after OGD, while cell counting and electrophysiological recording were performed 48 h after OGD. We found that these exosomes attenuated OGD-induced neuronal death, Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), pro-inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathway changes, as well as basal spontaneous synaptic transmission inhibition in varying degrees. The results implicate the protective effect of exosomes on OGD-induced neuronal death and dysfunction in human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons, potentially through their modulation on mTOR, pro-inflammatory and apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Exosomas/metabolismo , Glucosa/deficiencia , Células Madre Embrionarias Humanas/metabolismo , Células-Madre Neurales/metabolismo , Apoptosis , Astrocitos/citología , Astrocitos/metabolismo , Hipoxia de la Célula , Línea Celular , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/farmacología , Células Madre Embrionarias Humanas/citología , Humanos , Células-Madre Neurales/citología , Células-Madre Neurales/efectos de los fármacos , Células-Madre Neurales/fisiología , Transmisión Sináptica , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is often induced in brain injury and particularly associated with cerebral ischemia in stroke. Estradiol (17ß-estradiol 3-benzoate, E2), an endogenous steroid hormone, has been reported to play a protective role against cerebrovascular pathologies. Here we aimed to determine the potential effects of E2 on the integrity of BBB and brain damage following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). METHODS: Aged (24- month-old) ovariectomized female rats were administered E2 for 2 months through daily intraperitoneal injections prior to induction of MCAO. RESULTS: Compared to vehicle controls, E2 had a dose-dependent effect in reducing the severity of brain injuries while maintaining the integrity of the BBB in aged rats. The neuroprotective effects of E2 were associated with the rescued tight junction loss, decreased oxidative stress, and attenuated ERK activation in the ischemic brains. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a beneficial role of E2 in aged stroke patients, associated with a protective effect of E2 against BBB disruption in aging-related brain ischemia.
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Envejecimiento/efectos de los fármacos , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Barrera Hematoencefálica/efectos de los fármacos , Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Estradiol/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Envejecimiento/metabolismo , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Barrera Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Edema Encefálico/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema Encefálico/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Ovariectomía , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Estrogen receptors have protective effects against ischemic brain injury. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have yet to be well studied. Given that inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3) can reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, we hypothesized that estrogen receptors-mediated protective effects against ischemia-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption involve inhibition of GSK3. Thus, we evaluated GSK3 expression in the brain of ovariectomized female rats, and examined the effects of intracerebroventricular pre-treatments of SB216763, GSK3 inhibitor, on BBB permeability following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). We also examined the role of specific estrogen receptor subtype in regulation of GSK3 expression and BBB permeability after MCAO. We found that ovariectomized female rats exhibited increased mRNA levels of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor ß (ERß), and increased protein levels of GSK3ß but not GSK3α in brain cortical areas. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular pre-treatments of SB216763 dose-dependently attenuated brain infarction volume, brain water contents, neurological deficits, and BBB disruption, and increased tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin expression at 24 h following MCAO. Finally, activation of ERß but not ERα dose-dependently decreased GSK3ß expression at 24 h following MCAO. This was associated with increased tight junction protein expression and improved neurological scores. Thus, our study suggested that activation of ERß may protect against brain ischemia-induced BBB disruption by inhibiting GSK3ß-mediated signaling.
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Barrera Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Glucógeno Sintasa Quinasa 3 beta/metabolismo , Envejecimiento , Animales , Barrera Hematoencefálica/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Indoles/farmacología , Maleimidas/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Uniones Estrechas/metabolismo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a green oxidizing agent is widely used in various fields. Electrosynthesis of H2O2 has gradually become a hotspot due to its convenient and environment-friendly features. Single-atom-site catalysts (SASCs) with uniform active sites are the ideal catalysts for the in-depth study of the reaction mechanism and structure-performance relationship. In this review, the outstanding achievements of SASCs in the electrosynthesis of H2O2 through 2e- oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and 2e- water oxygen reaction (WOR) in recent years, are summarized. First, the elementary steps of the two pathways and the roles of key intermediates (*OOH and *OH) in the reactions are systematically discussed. Next, the influence of the size effect, electronic structure regulation, the support/interfacial effect, the optimization of coordination microenvironments, and the SASCs-derived catalysts applied in 2e- ORR are systematically analyzed. Besides, the developments of SASCs in 2e- WOR are also overviewed. Finally, the research progress of H2O2 electrosynthesis on SASCs is concluded, and an outlook on the rational design of SASCs is presented in conjunction with the design strategies and characterization techniques.
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BACKGROUND: Porcine antilymphocyte globulin (p-ALG) combined with cyclosporine (CsA) has been commonly used for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients, but few studies on the combination of p-ALG and thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 85 people with diagnosed SAA who underwent p-ALG plus CsA, with or without TPO-RA from 2014 to 2023. RESULTS: The overall response rates were 55.3% and 65.9% at 3 and 6 months, and the TPO-RA group were 66.7% and 72.3% at 3 and 6 months, without TPO-RA group were 27.8% and 55.6%. In multivariate analysis, baseline platelet count of > 10 × 109/L was a simple predictor of favorable response at 6 months (p = 0.015). The median follow-up time for all patients was 39 months (range 0.4 ~ 104), the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 90.6% [95% CI = 82.1-95.2%], and the failure-free survival (FFS) rate was 68.9% [95% CI = 56.6-78.4%]. Having hematologic responses in 6 months was an independent positive predictor for FFS (p = 0.000). Twelve patients (14.1%) suffered from serum sickness, and 9.5% of patients had mild hepatic impairment. CONCLUSIONS: p-ALG along with CsA is an effective choice for patients with SAA. p-ALG combined with TPO-RA may contribute to the early restoration of hematopoiesis.
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Anemia Aplásica , Suero Antilinfocítico , Ciclosporina , Receptores de Trombopoyetina , Humanos , Anemia Aplásica/tratamiento farmacológico , Anemia Aplásica/mortalidad , Ciclosporina/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Suero Antilinfocítico/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Receptores de Trombopoyetina/agonistas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Animales , Adolescente , Anciano , Porcinos , Adulto Joven , Quimioterapia Combinada , Niño , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The treatment for cerebral ischemia remains limited, and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Exosome has shown great promise for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) was reported to be involved in neurological performances. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes overexpressing SRC-3 on cerebral ischemia in mice. METHODS: The mice were treated with an intracerebroventricular injection of GFP-overexpressed exosomes (GFP-exo) and SRC-3-overexpressed exosomes (SRC3-exo) in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of cerebral ischemia. RESULTS: The results showed that SRC3-exo treatment significantly inhibited lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis of the neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation. It further suppressed the activation of microglia and astrocytes, and decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brains of MCAO mice. Furthermore, SRC3-exo treatment reduced the water content of brain tissue and infarct size, which alleviated the neurological damage and improved neurological performances in the MCAO mice. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that MSC-derived exosomes expressing SRC3 can be a therapeutic strategy for cerebral ischemia by inhibiting ferroptosis.
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Isquemia Encefálica , Exosomas , Ferroptosis , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Coactivador 3 de Receptor Nuclear , Animales , Exosomas/metabolismo , Exosomas/trasplante , Ratones , Ferroptosis/fisiología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Masculino , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Coactivador 3 de Receptor Nuclear/metabolismo , Coactivador 3 de Receptor Nuclear/genética , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Neuronas/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Astrocitos/metabolismo , Encéfalo/metabolismoRESUMEN
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a life-threatening disease characterized by microvascular platelet deposition and thrombus formation with resulting microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Deficiency of the von Willebrand factor cleavage protease, also known as ADAMTS 13, has been implicated as an important etiological factor in TTP. Little studies were obtained on Chinese patients with TTP until now. Our aim was to analyze the clinical features, outcome and laboratory characteristics of Chinese TTP patients, and determine whether plasma ADAMTS 13 activity is decreased in TTP and its diagnostic value for TTP. Forty-two TTP patients (29 females; 13 males) admitted to our hospital from 1998 to 2010 were analyzed. There were 34 patients (81%) with the triad of TTP, including hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and neurologic abnormalities; 7 (16.7%) had the classical pentad of TTP. Major etiologic factors were acquired autoimmunological abnormalities (31%); no familial TTP was identified in this series. The schistocytes of peripheral blood smears were present in all cases with a mean frequency of 4.6% (range from 0.3% to 13.4%). Plasma ADAMTS 13 activity was determined in 22 patients with the FRET-vWF86 assay. Only 4 idiopathic TTP patients (18.2%) had severe ADAMTS 13 deficiency (activity<10%); 9 (40.9%) had moderate decrease of ADAMTS 13 activity (activity: 10-40%); another 9 (40.91%) had normal ADAMTS 13 activity (>40%). T lymphocyte subpopulation was measured in 23 TTP patients with FACS Calibur; 14 of the 23 (60.9%) had significantly decreased CD4 cells count and CD4/CD8 ratio, suggesting cellular immune dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of TTP. In the studies, plasmapheresis is the main therapeutic method. 26 of 31 patients (83.9%) accepting plasmapheresis achieved complete remission; those patients who only underwent plasma infusion had low remission rate (18.2%) and high mortality (9/11; 81.8%). Four patients with packed RBC infusion manifested transient exacerbation of neurologic or psychiatric symptoms. In conclusion, the diagnosis of TTP in China is still based on clinical features including evidence of microangiopathic hemolysis. Severe ADAMTS 13 activity deficiency might be a valuable indicator for idiopathic TTP diagnosis. Further studies are needed to determine the real value of ADAMTS 13 activity for TTP diagnosis and whether T lymphocytes subset dysregulation plays important role in TTP pathogenesis.
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Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/diagnóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , China , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/sangre , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Trombótica/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: LINC00461 has been implicated to be involved in several types of cancer while its roles in multiple myeloma remain unclear. Our study aims to investigate the roles of LINC00461 in multiple myeloma and explore its effects on ixazomib therapy. METHODS: LINC00461 and small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide (SNRP) B2 knockdown stable cell lines were constructed. Cell viability assays including MTT, cell number counting, and colony formation were performed. RNA-pull down and immunoblotting assays were conducted to determine the intramolecular interactions. qRT-PCR and western blotting were conducted to determine the levels of target genes. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate overall survival rates. RESULTS: Knockdown of LINC00461 or SNRPB2 enhanced ixazomib's cytotoxicity, as well as affected its regulatory effects on cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Further results showed that LINC00461 knockdown reduced the expression levels of SNRPB2 by their interactions. Additionally, a positive correlation between LINC00461 and SNRPB2 was found in patients with multiple myeloma. Low expression of SNRPB2 was associated with a high survival rate in patients with multiple myeloma. CONCLUSION: Knockdown of LINC00461 enhanced the therapeutic effects of ixazomib against multiple myeloma in part by the regulation of SNRPB2.
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Mieloma Múltiple , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiple/tratamiento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiple/genética , Compuestos de Boro/farmacología , Compuestos de Boro/uso terapéutico , Glicina/farmacología , Glicina/uso terapéutico , Apoptosis , Línea Celular TumoralRESUMEN
HLA-B*48:01:11 differs from HLA-B*48:01:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 4.
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Pueblos del Este de Asia , Antígenos HLA-B , Humanos , Alelos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , NucleótidosRESUMEN
Explaining the phenomenon of declining acceptance of automated driving technology (ADT) and predicting trends in acceptance has become an important area of research. To explore the reasons for the decline in acceptance of automated vehicles and how to improve user acceptance, we studied mechanisms of the influence process from the relationship between safety riskiness of ADT and user acceptance, and examined the mediating and moderating effects of the proposed intervention behaviors on the influence relationship between these two. First, an improved acceptance model incorporating safety risk factors was developed. Subsequently, the psychological change process of user acceptance was analyzed based on people's response to accident information. Ultimately, the results show that safety cognition risk regarding ADT has a significant negative impact on user acceptance. Next, the mediating model where user experience was introduced as a moderating variable was designed. From the test results of this model, it is found that the proposed behavioral intervention strategy is effective in attenuating the degree of impact of the safety riskiness of ADT on acceptance. The risk-based acceptance explanation model and intervention method designed in this study provide a scientific basis and practical approach to develop the market for automated vehicles.
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Conducción de Automóvil , Humanos , Conducción de Automóvil/psicología , Tecnología , Terapia Conductista , Cognición , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow (BM) are reported to protect against ischemic brain injury. This study aimed to investigate whether the steroid receptor cofactor 3 (SRC3) was involved in MSC-induced neuroprotection. BM-MSCs were isolated from wild-type (WT) and SRC3 knockout (SRC3-/-) mice and transplanted into mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The MSC identification and differentiation were determined by flow cytometry and Alizarin Red S staining after osteogenic and adipogenic stimulations. The effects of MSCs on brain injury were assessed by brain water content, modified neurological severity score (mNSS), Morris water maze test, and open field test. Finally, the effects of MSCs on MCAO-induced oxidative stress were assessed by measuring the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and mRNA levels of SOD1, SOD2, and CAT. We found that SRC3 deficiency did not impact the MSC identification or osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. MSC-SRC3-/- transplantation in mice that underwent the MCAO procedure exhibited diminished effects on suppression of brain edema, neurological deficits, cognitive disruption, locomotor impairment, and anxiety compared to comparable levels of MSC-WT. Finally, MSC-WT transplantation inhibited MCAO-induced oxidative stress, and the effects were significantly attenuated in MCAO mice transplanted with MSC-SRC3-/-. MSCs suppressed the MCAO-induced upregulation of MDA activity and the inhibition of SOD, GSH, SOD1, SOD2, and CAT levels, and SRC3-deficient MSCs showed significantly reduced effects. Our results indicate that SRC3 plays an important role in mediating the neuroprotective effects of MSCs in mice that experienced ischemic stroke.
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Isquemia Encefálica , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Receptores de Esteroides , Animales , Médula Ósea , RatonesRESUMEN
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) participate in the occurrence and development of multiple myeloma. This study is aimed at exploring whether the presence of MSCs affects dexamethasone's antitumor effects against multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma cells (OPM-2 and RPMI8226 cells) were cocultured with MSCs with or without dexamethasone. Cell viability was determined by using cell number count, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and colony formation assay, respectively. Cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were evaluated by using flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expressions of target genes were checked by using qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. It was found that cell viability of multiple myeloma cells increased in the presence of MSCs. Besides, the presence of MSCs suppressed cell apoptosis induced by dexamethasone via the regulation of BCL-2 (B cell lymphoma 2). The presence of MSCs also affected the effects of dexamethasone on cell cycle distribution. Similarly, LINC00461 overexpression suppressed the inhibition of cell proliferation, suppressed the induction of cell apoptosis, and affected the effects on cell cycle distribution induced by dexamethasone insult. However, LINC00461 knockdown enhanced the inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and the induction of cell apoptosis induced by dexamethasone. In summary, MSCs inhibited the effects of dexamethasone on multiple myeloma and its regulatory effects were associated with LINC00461.
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We aimed to comprehensively investigate the proteomic profile and underlying biological function of exosomal proteins associated with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Exosomes were isolated from plasma samples collected from five patients with B-ALL and five healthy individuals, and their protein content was quantitatively analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 342 differentially expressed proteins were identified in patients with B-ALL. The DEPs were mainly associated with protein metabolic processes and protein activity regulation and were significantly enriched in the Notch and autophagy pathways. Furthermore, we found that ADAM17 and ATG3 were upregulated in patients with B-ALL and enriched in the Notch and autophagy pathways, respectively. Further western blot analysis of exosomes collected from additional 18 patients with B-ALL and 10 healthy controls confirmed that both ADAM17 and ATG3 were overexpressed in exosomes derived from patients with B-ALL (p < 0.001). The areas under the curves of ADAM17 and ATG3 were 0.989 and 0.956, respectively, demonstrating their diagnostic potential. In conclusion, ADAM17 and ATG3 in plasma-derived exosomes may contribute to the progression of B-ALL by regulating the Notch and autophagy pathways. Hence, these proteins may represent valuable diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for B-ALL.
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Exosomas , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , Cromatografía Liquida , Exosomas/metabolismo , Humanos , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/metabolismo , Proteómica/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas en TándemAsunto(s)
Inmunosupresores/administración & dosificación , Prednisona/administración & dosificación , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/diagnóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/tratamiento farmacológico , Talidomida/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Enfermedad Crónica , Femenino , Glucocorticoides/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recuento de Plaquetas/tendencias , Púrpura Trombocitopénica Idiopática/sangre , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
To solve the oversampling problem of multi-class small samples and to improve their classification accuracy, we develop an oversampling method based on classification ranking and weight setting. The designed oversampling algorithm sorts the data within each class of dataset according to the distance from original data to the hyperplane. Furthermore, iterative sampling is performed within the class and inter-class sampling is adopted at the boundaries of adjacent classes according to the sampling weight composed of data density and data sorting. Finally, information assignment is performed on all newly generated sampling data. The training and testing experiments of the algorithm are conducted by using the UCI imbalanced datasets, and the established composite metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and other algorithms in comprehensive evaluation method. The results show that the proposed algorithm makes the multi-class imbalanced data balanced in terms of quantity, and the newly generated data maintain the distribution characteristics and information properties of the original samples. Moreover, compared with other algorithms such as SMOTE and SVMOM, the proposed algorithm has reached a higher classification accuracy of about 90%. It is concluded that this algorithm has high practicability and general characteristics for imbalanced multi-class samples.