RESUMEN
This study aimed to identify the types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) most practiced and their association with active behavior in other domains and the sociodemographic aspects in Brazilian adults (≥ 18 years old). It was a cross-sectional study, using data from a population-based system (Vigitel, 2017). Binary logistic regression was used. In the 29,323 LTPA practitioners (51.3% men), the five types of activities most performed were: walking (36.6%), weight training (17.7%), soccer (11.7%), jogging (8.3%), and aerobics (6.7%). The LTPA that had the greatest associations with sociodemographic variables were soccer, walking, and aerobics, all with p-value ≤ 0.01. When considering the other domains of physical activity, participants who reported doing household physical activity were more likely to walk and less likely to practice weight training, soccer and aerobics. Those who did active commuting had more of a chance to walking and less of a chance to weight train, while individuals who practiced occupational physical activity were less likely to walk and more likely to play soccer. Important differences in sociodemographic aspects and active behavior in the other domains were found according to the LTPA type.
Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Actividades Recreativas , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Multimorbidity due to non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) constitutes a significant challenge for healthcare systems. To attenuate its impacts, it is essential to identify the sociodemographic determinants of this condition, which can discriminate against population segments that are more exposed. OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between multimorbidity conditions and sociodemographic indicators among Brazilian adults and older adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional telephone-based survey in 26 Brazilian state capitals and the federal district. METHODS: The Vigitel 2013 survey was used, with data collected via a questionnaire. The outcome was multimorbidity (2, 3 or 4 NCDs), and the exposures were sociodemographic indicators (age, sex, skin color, marital status and education). The analysis consisted of multinomial logistic regression (odds ratio), stratified by age. RESULTS: Among adults, multimorbidity comprising two, three or four diseases was associated with advancing age (P < 0.001); two and three diseases, with having a partner (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001, respectively); and two, three or four diseases, with lower education (P < 0.001). Among older adults, two, three or four diseases were associated with female sex (P < 0.001); three diseases, with living with a partner (P = 0.018); two diseases, with black skin color (P = 0.016); and two or three diseases, with lower education (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: To control and prevent multimorbidity, strategies for individuals with existing chronic diseases, with partners and with lower education levels are needed. Particularly for adults, advancing age should be considered; and for older adults, being a woman and having black skin color.
Asunto(s)
Multimorbilidad , Enfermedades no Transmisibles , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedad Crónica , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
This article aims to compare the prevalence of active commuting to work in adults in the Southern region of Brazil between 2006 and 2016 according to sociodemographic and labor characteristics. The data from the Brazilian System for the Surveillance of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases - VIGITEL were compared in 2006 and 2016 (≥18 years). Active commuting to work, sex, age group, education and job characteristics were collected by telephone survey and transportation in the cities of Florianópolis, Curitiba and Porto Alegre, using absolute and relative frequencies with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Active commuting increased significantly in 2016 compared to 2006. Florianópolis had the highest prevalence in the two years analyzed. In all capitals, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of the outcome, mainly for women, with secondary education and only in Florianópolis for men, with low schooling. The prevalence has also increased for job characteristics in all capitals. Active commuting to work increased significantly among adults living in southern Brazil, with emphasis on Florianópolis. Expanding interventions in this context is a necessity in Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Transportes , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedad Crónica , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
In this study, we evaluated socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of in natura/minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among adolescents. We used data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), 2015. According to the self-reported consumption of beans, vegetables and fruits, a score of in natura/minimally processed foods was generated (0-21 points). Sodas, sweets, instant noodles, and ultra-processed meat were used for the score of ultra-processed foods (0-21 points). Equality indicators were gender, maternal education, and socioeconomic level. Absolute difference, ratios, concentration index and slope index of inequality were calculated. Adolescents (n=101,689, 51% girls, 14.2 years) reported a mean score of 9.97 and 11.46 for ultra-processed foods and in natura/minimally processed foods, respectively. Absolute and relative differences between adolescents with the highest and lowest socioeconomic level, there were differences of 2.64 points and 33% for consumption of in natura/minimally processed foods; and 1.48 points and 15% for ultra-processed foods. Adolescents from higher socioeconomic level ate more in natura/minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods.
Asunto(s)
Comida Rápida , Manipulación de Alimentos , Adolescente , Brasil , Bebidas Gaseosas , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to describe the prevalence and sociodemographic profile of chronic noncommunicable disease (CNCDs) simultaneity in adults and elderly people resident in Brazilian state capital cities. METHODS: Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Risk and Protection Factor Surveillance System Survey 2013; simultaneity was considered to be two or more CNCDs (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity). RESULTS: of the total 52,929 participants, 13.7% of adult participants and 42.9% of elderly participants had CNCD simultaneity; hypertension and diabetes mellitus simultaneity was greater in adults, while hypertension and obesity simultaneity was greater in the elderly; simultaneity was more prevalent in women, in those between 50 and 59 years old, with partners and up to eight years of schooling; the cities with the lowest and highest prevalence in adults were São Luís and Cuiabá, respectively, while in the elderly, the cities were Belém and Manaus, respectively. CONCLUSION: simultaneity was identified nationwide; prevention measures should be directed especially toward treatment of hypertension.
Asunto(s)
Hipertensión/epidemiología , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil/epidemiología , Ciudades , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores Sexuales , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The scope of this paper was to verify the association between the practice of physical activity of different types and the use of insulin in adults and the elderly. This is a cross-sectional population-based study with data from the survey entitled Surveillance of risk factors and protection for chronic diseases by telephone (VIGITEL 2013). The sample consisted of individuals aged ≥18 years, living in the 27 Brazilian capitals and diagnosed with diabetes. The practice of physical activity in commuting, the home, leisure, work and the use of insulin were self-reported. Binary logistic regression was used in crude and adjusted analyses for sociodemographic factors. Of the 4,593 subjects with diabetes, insulin use was reported by 16.2% and 25.5% of adults and the elderly, respectively. The practice of physical activity in the home (OR: 0.61, 95%CI: 0.40; 0.94) and at work (OR: 0.38, 95%CI: 0.18; 0.78) were associated with the lowest use of insulin among the elderly. There was a tendency to reduce insulin use as the number of physically active domains increased among the elderly (p = 0.003). The conclusion drawn was that physical activity practiced alone or in a cumulative way in different domains was associated with lower insulin use among the elderly.
Objetivou-se verificar a associação entre a prática de atividade física em diferentes domínios e o uso de insulina em adultos e idosos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional com dados do inquérito Vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL 2013). A amostra foi composta por indivíduos com idade ≥18 anos, residentes nas 27 capitais do Brasil e com diagnóstico de diabetes. A prática de atividade física no deslocamento, domicílio, lazer e trabalho, e o uso de insulina foram por autorrelato. Empregou-se regressão logística binária em análises bruta e ajustada para fatores sociodemográficos. Dos 4.593 indivíduos com diabetes, uso de insulina foi relatado por 16,2% e 25,5% dos adultos e idosos, respectivamente. A prática de atividade física no domicílio (RO: 0,61; IC95%: 0,40; 0,94) no trabalho (RO: 0,38; IC95%: 0,18; 0,78) estiveram associadas ao menor uso de insulina em idosos. Houve tendência de redução do uso de insulina à medida que se aumentou a quantidade de domínios fisicamente ativos em idosos (p = 0,003). Conclui-se que, em idosos, a atividade física praticada de forma isolada ou de forma acumulada em diferentes domínios teve associação com o menor uso de insulina.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Insulina , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico , Humanos , Actividades Recreativas , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate whether attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction is associated with perceived health and impairments in sleep among a national population-based sample of Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional data from the 2015 National School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE). A total of 100.182 students (70.8% were between 14 to 15) in ninth-grade, enrolled in public and private schools were eligible for data analysis. Variables were measured using a questionnaire and binary logistic regression was used. There was association between attitudes towards body weight dissatisfaction and perceived health (not controlling weight = OR: 2.19, 95%CI: 2.00-2.40; trying to lose = OR: 1.90, 95%CI: 1.75-2.05; gain = OR: 2.22, 95%CI: 2.01-2.46; maintain = OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.54-2.14). Adolescents were also more likely to present impairments in sleep (not controlling weight = OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.11-1.32; trying to lose = OR: 1.16, 95%CI: 1.08-1.25; gain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.28-1.61; maintain = OR: 1.43, 95%CI: 1.22-2.68). Dissatisfaction is an additional concern in the daily life of adolescents, which is associated to depreciation of the quality of sleep and decrement of psychological well-being.
Asunto(s)
Salud del Adolescente , Peso Corporal , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Satisfacción Personal , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Adolescente , Imagen Corporal , Brasil , Intervalos de Confianza , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Salud Mental , Oportunidad RelativaRESUMEN
The scope of this study was to verify the association between risk behaviors and obesity in adults (18 to 59 years of age) in Brazilian capitals. It involved a cross-sectional population-based study conducted by telephone interview. The self-reported variables were obesity, defined by weight and height (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) and risk behaviors: physical inactivity (≤ 149 minutes/week), excess sedentarism (≥ 4 hours/day), frequent consumption of sweets (≥ 5 days/week) and meat with fat and/or chicken with skin (≥ 1 day/week). The simultaneity of risk behaviors was analyzed for reasons of observed and expected prevalence. The Poisson and multinomial logistic regressions were used in crude analyses and adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Among the 35,448 adults, the simultaneous consumption of meat with fat, excess sedentarism and physical inactivity (PR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.45, 2.60), as well as the presence of the four risk behaviors (PR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.16, 2.53) were associated with obesity in men. In women, the simultaneous consumption of sweets and meat with fat (PR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.66) was also associated with the outcome. In both sexes, there was an increase in the tendency of obesity according to the sum total of risk behaviors.
Objetivou-se verificar a associação da simultaneidade de comportamentos de risco com a obesidade em adultos (18 a 59 anos) das capitais do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado por entrevista telefônica. As variáveis autorrelatadas foram a obesidade, definida pelo peso e altura (IMC ≥ 30 kg/m²) e os comportamentos de risco: inatividade física (≤ 149 min/sem), tempo sentado em excesso (≥ 4h/dia), consumo frequente de doces (≥ 5 dias/sem) e de carnes vermelhas com gordura e/ou frango com pele (≥ 1 dia/sem). A simultaneidade dos comportamentos de risco foi analisada por razões das prevalências observadas e esperadas. Foram utilizadas as regressões de Poisson e logística multinomial, em análises por sexo, brutas e ajustadas por fatores sociodemográficos. Dentre os 35.448 adultos, nos homens, a simultaneidade do consumo de carnes com gordura, tempo sentado em excesso e inatividade física (RP: 1,94; IC95%: 1,45; 2,60), assim como a presença dos quatro comportamentos de risco (RP: 1,72; IC95%: 1,16; 2,53), associaram-se à obesidade. Em mulheres, o consumo simultâneo de doces e de carnes com gordura (RP: 1,77; IC95%: 1,19; 2,66) também se associou ao desfecho. Em ambos os sexos, observou-se aumento da tendência de obesidade conforme o somatório de comportamentos de risco.
Asunto(s)
Obesidad , Asunción de Riesgos , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidad/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta SedentariaRESUMEN
Understanding the changes in the trends of fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents is important in order to implement public health actions. The scope of this article is to investigate the changes over a ten-year period in the daily fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents from Santa Catarina, according to sex, age and housing area. It is a secondary analysis of a panel survey entitled "Lifestyle and Risk Behavior of Adolescents in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil (ComPAC)." Adolescents (15-19 years of age) of state schools in 2001 (n=5.028) and 2011 (n=6.529) answered a questionnaire about fruit and vegetable consumption as well as about sociodemographic aspects. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied, according to sex, age and housing area. There was a decrease in daily fruit (39.1% and 16.6%) and vegetable (40.1% and 20.6%) consumption. Different prevalence levels were observed when analyzing subgroups, mainly among girls. From 2001 to 2011, daily vegetable consumption among boys and adolescents in rural areas remained the same. The decrease in daily consumption of fruit and vegetables among adolescents aged 15 to 19 in Santa Catarina highlights the need for the development of strategies to reverse this scenario.
Compreender mudanças no consumo de frutas e verduras por adolescentes é importante para criação de ações de saúde pública. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar mudanças, em dez anos, no consumo diário de frutas e verduras por adolescentes, de acordo com sexo, idade e área de moradia. Estudo de painel (análise secundária) da pesquisa "Estilo de vida e comportamentos de risco de jovens catarinenses". Adolescentes (15-19 anos) de escolas estaduais, em 2001 (n = 5.028) e 2011 (n = 6.529), responderam questionário sobre consumo de frutas e verduras e aspectos sociodemográficos. Estatística descritiva e regressão logística (2001 vs 2011), estratificada para sexo, idade e área de moradia. Houve diminuição no consumo diário de frutas (39,1% e 16,6%) e de verduras (40,1% e 20,6%). Diferentes prevalências são observadas de acordo com subgrupos, principalmente entre moças. A chance para consumo diário de verduras entre rapazes e adolescentes de área rural continuou a mesma. A diminuição na prevalência do consumo diário de frutas e verduras por adolescentes catarinenses de 15 a 19 anos aponta necessidade de criação de estratégias para reversão deste cenário.
Asunto(s)
Conducta del Adolescente , Conducta Alimentaria , Frutas , Verduras , Adolescente , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Dieta/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Lifestyle behaviors need to be more explored within the context of chronic noncommunicable disease (NCD) multimorbidity. This study aimed to investigate the association of multimorbidity with physical activity and sedentary behavior in a representative Brazilian population (n = 52,929). A cross-sectional survey (VIGITEL in the Portuguese acronym) was conducted in 2013 in the 27 Brazilian federal units. Multimorbidity is defined as the presence of two or more NCDs, that is, the outcome variable; and physical activity (commuting, domestic chores, leisure, and work domains) and sedentary behavior (television time < 2 hours/day and ≥ 2 hours/day) were the exposure variables. Poisson and multinomial logistic regressions (odds ratio - OR) stratified by age and their respective 95% confidence intervals were used, adopting a significance level of 5%. Among 37,947 adults, the presence of three chronic diseases was less frequent in subjects active in the work domain (OR = 0.60) and more frequent among those with longer daily television time (OR = 1.25). The presence of four diseases was less frequent in subjects active in the commuting (OR = 0.52) and work (OR = 0.42) domains. Among 14,982 older adults, the presence of two, three, and four chronic diseases was consistently more frequent in those with longer daily television time (OR = 1.33; 1.55 and 1.93, respectively). Finally, interactions between total physical activity level and daily television time were statistically significant in the multimorbidity in both age groups. Physical activity and sedentary behavior are associated with multimorbidity and should be considered independent factors for health promotion and for the treatment of patients with multimorbidity.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Multimorbilidad , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/epidemiología , Conducta Sedentaria , Televisión/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
The aims were to examine changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among students from 2001 to 2011, and to verify if these changes differ according to age group, area of residence, and family income. We analyzed two cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2001 and 2011 with brazilian adolescents. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics were self-reported using a questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze changes in overweight and obesity between the two surveys. The nutritional status was the outcome of the present study and the surveys (2001 and 2011) were the exposure. The odds of being overweight and obese were higher among boys and girls in urban areas in the 2011 survey compared to the 2001. Boys and girls with higher income were also more likely to present overweight and obesity in the second survey compared to the first. An increase of overweight and obesity was observed over a decade. We suggest that future interventions consider the area of residence and the family income to strengthen the effectiveness of actions developed to prevent and control these indicators among adolescents.
Asunto(s)
Estado Nutricional , Obesidad/epidemiología , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Renta , Masculino , Obesidad/economía , Sobrepeso/economía , Prevalencia , Factores Socioeconómicos , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to estimate self-perception of well-being and associated factors among industrial workers in Brazil. A cross-sectional survey was carried out with a representative sample from 23 Brazilian states and the Federal District. Self-reported of well-being was investigated by questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression was used in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. For 93% of the 47,477 industrial workers, the perception of well-being was positive. Those who had the highest chances of being in the category of best perception of well-being were: male workers (OR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.28; 1.43); those aged under thirty years old (OR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.12; 1.39); those from Southern Brazil (OR = 1.99; 95%CI: 1.83; 2.16); and people with a high income. The prevalence of positive well-being was high. Sociodemographic, behavioral and social support characteristics, as well as the characteristics related to self-report on health were associated with well-being.
Asunto(s)
Industrias , Satisfacción Personal , Lugar de Trabajo/psicología , Adulto , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vigilancia de la Población , Autoinforme , Apoyo Social , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Multimorbidity due to non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) constitutes a significant challenge for healthcare systems. To attenuate its impacts, it is essential to identify the sociodemographic determinants of this condition, which can discriminate against population segments that are more exposed. OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between multimorbidity conditions and sociodemographic indicators among Brazilian adults and older adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional telephone-based survey in 26 Brazilian state capitals and the federal district. METHODS: The Vigitel 2013 survey was used, with data collected via a questionnaire. The outcome was multimorbidity (2, 3 or 4 NCDs), and the exposures were sociodemographic indicators (age, sex, skin color, marital status and education). The analysis consisted of multinomial logistic regression (odds ratio), stratified by age. RESULTS: Among adults, multimorbidity comprising two, three or four diseases was associated with advancing age (P < 0.001); two and three diseases, with having a partner (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001, respectively); and two, three or four diseases, with lower education (P < 0.001). Among older adults, two, three or four diseases were associated with female sex (P < 0.001); three diseases, with living with a partner (P = 0.018); two diseases, with black skin color (P = 0.016); and two or three diseases, with lower education (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: To control and prevent multimorbidity, strategies for individuals with existing chronic diseases, with partners and with lower education levels are needed. Particularly for adults, advancing age should be considered; and for older adults, being a woman and having black skin color.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/epidemiología , Multimorbilidad , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedad Crónica , Estudios TransversalesRESUMEN
O estudo teve como objetivo determinar os motivos de adesão, aderência e desistência de adultos com obesidade em um programa de intervenção de exercícios físicos. Trata-se de uma estudo descritivo com 69 adultos com obesidade, os quais estiveram envolvidos em um ensaio clínico controlado. Nos grupos de exercícios físicos, as sessões continham treinamento aeróbio e de força, totalizando 60 minutos, durante 16 semanas. Os motivos de adesão, aderência e desistência foram determinados por questionário e uma análise descritiva (quanti-qualitativa) foi realizada, de acordo com a frequência em que os motivos foram relatados pelos participantes. Verificou-se baixa aderência ao treinamento, bem como altos índices de desistência. A saúde, a qualidade de vida e a estética foram os principais motivos de adesão. Para a aderência, os aspectos mais prevalentes foram a saúde, o comprometimento e à motivação. Contudo, para a desistência, trabalho e a desmotivação foram mais relatados. É importante a intervenção profissional no campo da atividade física e saúde considere estes diferentes motivos e as mudanças neles durante o processo e direcione ações a fim de aumentar a adesão e a aderência e reduzir as desistências
The study aimed to determine the reasons for adherence, adherence and dropout of adults with obesity in a physical exercise intervention program. This is a descriptive study with 69 adults with obesity, who were involved in a controlled clinical trial. In the physical exercise groups, the sessions contained aerobic and strength training, totaling 60 minutes, during 16 weeks. The reasons for adhesion, adherence and dropout were determined by questionnaire and a descriptive analysis (quantitative and qualitative) was carried out, according to the frequency with which the reasons were reported by the participants. There was low adher-ence to training, as well as high dropout rates. Health, quality of life and aesthetics were the main reasons for adhesion. For adherence, the most prevalent aspects were health, commitment and motivation. However, for dropout, work and lack of motivation were more reported. It is important for professional intervention in the field of physical activity and health to consider these different reasons and the changes in them during the process and direct actions in order to increase adhesion and adherence and reduce dropouts
Asunto(s)
Pacientes Desistentes del Tratamiento , Ejercicio Físico , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Adulto Joven , Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento , MotivaciónRESUMEN
Abstract This study aimed to identify the types of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) most practiced and their association with active behavior in other domains and the sociodemographic aspects in Brazilian adults (≥ 18 years old). It was a cross-sectional study, using data from a population-based system (Vigitel, 2017). Binary logistic regression was used. In the 29,323 LTPA practitioners (51.3% men), the five types of activities most performed were: walking (36.6%), weight training (17.7%), soccer (11.7%), jogging (8.3%), and aerobics (6.7%). The LTPA that had the greatest associations with sociodemographic variables were soccer, walking, and aerobics, all with p-value ≤ 0.01. When considering the other domains of physical activity, participants who reported doing household physical activity were more likely to walk and less likely to practice weight training, soccer and aerobics. Those who did active commuting had more of a chance to walking and less of a chance to weight train, while individuals who practiced occupational physical activity were less likely to walk and more likely to play soccer. Important differences in sociodemographic aspects and active behavior in the other domains were found according to the LTPA type.
Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os tipos de atividade física de lazer (AFL) mais praticados e sua associação com o comportamento ativo em outros domínios e aspectos sociodemográficos em adultos brasileiros (≥ 18 anos). Foi um estudo transversal, com dados de um sistema de base populacional (Vigitel, 2017). Utilizou-se regressão logística binária. Nos 29.323 praticantes de AFL (51,3% homens), os cinco tipos de atividades mais realizadas foram: caminhada (36,6%), musculação (17,7%), futebol (11,7%), corrida (8,3%) e ginástica (6,7%). As atividades que tiveram maiores associações com as variáveis sociodemográficas foram o futebol, a caminhada e a ginástica, todas com valor p ≤ 0,01. Ao considerar os demais domínios de atividade física, os participantes que relataram fazer atividade física doméstica tiveram mais chance de realizar a caminhada e menos chance de praticar musculação, futebol e ginástica. Aqueles que faziam deslocamentos ativos tiveram mais chance de caminhada e menos chance de musculação, enquanto os indivíduos que realizavam atividade física no trabalho apresentaram menos chance para a caminhada e mais chance para o futebol. Diferenças importantes nos aspectos sociodemográficos e no comportamento ativo nos demais domínios foram encontradas de acordo com o tipo de AFL.
RESUMEN
Abstract This article aims to compare the prevalence of active commuting to work in adults in the Southern region of Brazil between 2006 and 2016 according to sociodemographic and labor characteristics. The data from the Brazilian System for the Surveillance of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases - VIGITEL were compared in 2006 and 2016 (≥18 years). Active commuting to work, sex, age group, education and job characteristics were collected by telephone survey and transportation in the cities of Florianópolis, Curitiba and Porto Alegre, using absolute and relative frequencies with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Active commuting increased significantly in 2016 compared to 2006. Florianópolis had the highest prevalence in the two years analyzed. In all capitals, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of the outcome, mainly for women, with secondary education and only in Florianópolis for men, with low schooling. The prevalence has also increased for job characteristics in all capitals. Active commuting to work increased significantly among adults living in southern Brazil, with emphasis on Florianópolis. Expanding interventions in this context is a necessity in Brazil.
Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é comparar a prevalência de deslocamento ativo para o trabalho em adultos na região Sul do Brasil entre 2006 e 2016 de acordo com características sociodemográficas e laborais. Os dados do Sistema Brasileiro de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas (VIGITEL) foram comparados em 2006 e 2016 (≥18 anos). Deslocamento ativo para o trabalho, sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade e características laborais foram coletados por inquérito telefônico e analisados nas cidades de Florianópolis, Curitiba e Porto Alegre, utilizando as frequências absolutas e relativas com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. O deslocamento ativo aumentou significativamente em 2016 em relação a 2006. Florianópolis apresentou as maiores prevalências nos dois anos analisados. Em todas as capitais houve aumento significativo na prevalência do desfecho, principalmente para mulheres, com ensino médio e apenas em Florianópolis para homens, com baixa escolaridade. A prevalência também aumentou para características laborais em todas as capitais. O deslocamento ativo para o trabalho aumentou expressamente entre os adultos que vivem no Sul do Brasil, com destaque para Florianópolis. Ampliar intervenções nesse contexto é uma necessidade no Brasil.
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ABSTRACT Multiprofessional residencies in the professional health field (MHR) are intersectoral cooperation programs to qualify health professionals. This study aimed to characterize the offer of vacancies meant for the professional Physical Education field in Brazilian MHR programs. It is a descriptive study of a documentary nature on the offer of training vacancies in MHR for the professional Physical Education field in 2022. The characterization of the programs considered: federative unit, proposing institution, total number of general vacancies, vacancies offered for Physical Education, focus of intervention of the programs, and other professional fields presented in the identified programs. A total of 184 vacancies offered by 77 MHR programs that include Physical Education in Brazil were identified. The Northeast region had the highest number of programs (n=29) and vacancies offered (n=89). Family Health was the major focus as to vacancies, while nursing appeared as the most frequent professional field among the identified programs (97.4%). This research work presented the characterization of the offer of vacancies intended for Physical Education in Brazilian MHR programs. Additionally, it evidences the need for a more equitable distribution of vacancies for Physical Education in the country.
RESUMO As residências multiprofissionais em área profissional de saúde (RMS) constituem-se em programas de cooperação intersetorial para qualificação de profissionais de saúde. Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a oferta de vagas destinadas à área profissional da Educação Física nos programas de RMS no Brasil. Estudo descritivo de natureza documental sobre a oferta de vagas de formação em RMS para a área profissional da Educação Física no ano de 2022. A caracterização dos programas considerou: unidade federativa, instituição proponente, total de vagas gerais, vagas ofertadas para a Educação Física, ênfase de atuação dos programas e demais áreas profissionais apresentadas nos programas identificados. Foram identificadas 184 vagas ofertadas por 77 programas de RMS que contemplam a Educação Física no Brasil. A região Nordeste apresentou o maior número de programas (n=29) e de vagas ofertadas (n=89). A ênfase mais apresentada com vagas foi a Saúde da Família enquanto a enfermagem apareceu é área profissional mais frequente entre os programas identificados (97,4%). Este trabalho apresentou a caracterização da oferta de vagas destinadas à Educação Física nos programas de RMS no Brasil. Além disso, evidencia a necessidade de uma distribuição mais equitativa das vagas destinadas à Educação Física no país.
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Educación y Entrenamiento Físico , Brasil , Capacitación Profesional , Internado y Residencia , Salud de la Familia/educación , Enfermería , Personal de Salud/educación , Habilitación Profesional , Educación de Postgrado , Empleos en Salud/educaciónRESUMEN
Abstract In this study, we evaluated socioeconomic inequalities in the consumption of in natura/minimally processed and ultra-processed foods among adolescents. We used data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), 2015. According to the self-reported consumption of beans, vegetables and fruits, a score of in natura/minimally processed foods was generated (0-21 points). Sodas, sweets, instant noodles, and ultra-processed meat were used for the score of ultra-processed foods (0-21 points). Equality indicators were gender, maternal education, and socioeconomic level. Absolute difference, ratios, concentration index and slope index of inequality were calculated. Adolescents (n=101,689, 51% girls, 14.2 years) reported a mean score of 9.97 and 11.46 for ultra-processed foods and in natura/minimally processed foods, respectively. Absolute and relative differences between adolescents with the highest and lowest socioeconomic level, there were differences of 2.64 points and 33% for consumption of in natura/minimally processed foods; and 1.48 points and 15% for ultra-processed foods. Adolescents from higher socioeconomic level ate more in natura/minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods.
Resumo Nesse estudo, avaliamos as desigualdades socioeconômicas no consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados e ultraprocessados entre adolescentes. Foram utilizados dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2015. De acordo com o consumo autorrelatado de feijão, hortaliças e frutas, foi gerado um escore de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados (0-21 pontos). Refrigerantes, doces, macarrão instantâneo e carnes ultraprocessadas prontos para o consumo foram utilizados para a pontuação dos alimentos ultraprocessados (0-21 pontos). Os indicadores de equidade foram gênero, educação materna e nível socioeconômico. Foram calculados a diferença absoluta, razões, índice de concentração e índice de inclinação de desigualdade. Os adolescentes (n=101.689, 51% meninas, 14,2 anos) relataram escore médio de 9,97 e 11,46 para alimentos ultraprocessados e in natura/minimamente processados, respectivamente. As diferenças absolutas entre os adolescentes de alto e baixo nível socioeconômico foram mais altos e mais baixos, houve diferenças de 2,64 pontos e 33% para o consumo de alimentos in natura/minimamente processados; e 1,48 pontos e 15% para alimentos ultraprocessados. Adolescentes de níveis socioeconômicos mais elevados comeram mais alimentos in natura/minimamente processados e alimentos ultraprocessados comparado aos seus pares.
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Abtract Introduction: Obesity compromises the quality of life. However, few studies have investigated the influence of different anthropometric indicators on the quality of life of this population. Objective: We aimed to correlate the physical and mental components of quality of life and verify its association with different anthropometric indicators in adults with obesity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in adults with obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m²]. The quality of life was investigated using the SF-36 questionnaire, with scores ranging from 0 (worst-case scenario) to 100 (best scenario for the outcome). The anthropometric indicators used were BMI, waist circumference, waist/height ratio (WHR), and lean and fat body mass. For analysis, Spearman's correlation and crude and adjusted linear regression for sociodemographic variables were used. Results: A total of 75 subjects (nfemales = 47; µage= 34.8 ± 7.1 years) were included, and their means of the physical and mental components were 64.5 ± 15.9 and 50.8 ± 21.3 points, respectively. The social functioning domain presented a strong positive correlation (r = 0.760) with the mental health domain, and eight moderate correlations (0.400 ≤ r ≥ 0.699) were found between the different domains of the questionnaire. The functional capacity domain and the physical component presented a moderate negative correlation with the WHR (r = -0.402 and r = -0.407, respectively). After adjustment, the WHR was inversely associated with the physical component (β = -1.197; p = 0.002). Conclusion: In adults with obesity, important correlations were observed between the physical and mental components of quality of life, and the waist/height ratio was the only anthropometric indicator correlated and associated with the physical component of the outcome.
Resumo Introdução: A obesidade compromete a qualidade de vida física e mental em função do excesso de peso corporal. Entretanto poucos estudos se propuseram a compreender a influência dos diferentes indicadores antropométricos na qualidade de vida dessa população. Objetivo: Correlacionar os componentes físico e mental da qualidade de vida e verificar a sua associação com diferentes indicadores antropométricos em adultos com obesidade. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal com adultos com obesidade (índice de massa corporal [IMC] ≥ 30kg/m²). A qualidade de vida foi investigada pelo questionário SF-36, com amplitude de escores de zero (pior cenário) a 100 (melhor cenário para o desfecho). Os indicadores antropométricos foram: IMC, perímetro de cintura, razão cintura/estatura (RCE), massa corporal magra e gorda. Na estatística, empregou-se correlação de Spearman e regressão linear bruta e ajustada para variáveis sociodemográficas. Resultados: Nos 75 sujeitos (nmulheres = 47; µidade = 34,8 ± 7,1 anos), o componente físico apresentou média de 64,5 ± 15,9 pontos e mental de 50,8 ± 21,3 pontos. O domínio de aspecto social apresentou forte correlação positiva (r = 0,760) com o domínio da saúde mental e foram encontradas oito correlações moderadas (0,400 ≤ r ≥ 0,699) entre os distintos domínios do questionário. O domínio capacidade funcional e o componente físico apresentaram moderada correlação negativa com a RCE (r = -0,402 e r = -0,407, respectivamente). Na análise ajustada, a RCE apresentou uma associação inversa com o componente físico (β = -1,197; p = 0,002). Conclusão: Em adultos com obesidade, observou-se importantes correlações entre os componentes físico e mental da qualidade de vida e a razão cintura/estatura foi o único indicador antropométrico correlacionado e associado ao componente físico do desfecho.
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Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida , Salud Mental , Grasa Abdominal , Distribución de la Grasa Corporal , Estatura , Índice de Masa Corporal , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
Objetivo: descrever a prevalência e o perfil sociodemográfico da simultaneidade de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNTs) em adultos e idosos das capitais brasileiras. Métodos: Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (Vigitel), realizado em 2013; a simultaneidade considerou duas ou mais DCNTs (diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, hipertensão e obesidade). Resultados: dos 52.929 participantes, 13,7% dos adultos e 42,9% dos idosos tiveram simultaneidade de DCNT; houve maior agrupamento da hipertensão com diabetes mellitus em adultos, e hipertensão com obesidade em idosos; a simultaneidade foi mais prevalente em mulheres, na idade entre 50 e 59 anos, com companheiro, e de escolaridade até oito anos de estudo; as cidades com menor e maior prevalência em adultos, respectivamente, foram São Luís e Cuiabá, e em idosos, Belém e Manaus. Conclusão: a simultaneidade foi identificada no contexto nacional; medidas de prevenção devem ser direcionadas especialmente ao tratamento da hipertensão.
Objetivo: describir la prevalencia y el perfil sociodemográfico de la simultaneidad de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) en adultos y ancianos de las capitales brasileñas. Métodos: Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo y Protección para Enfermedades Crónicas no Transmisibles (Vigitel), realizado en 2013; la simultaneidad consideró dos o más ECNT (diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, hipertensión y obesidad). Resultados: en 52.929 participantes, 13,7% de los adultos y el 42,9% de los ancianos presentaron simultaneidad de ECNT; hubo mayor agrupamiento de hipertensión con diabetes mellitus en adultos e hipertensión con obesidad en ancianos; la mayor prevalencia fue en mujeres, con edad entre 50 y 59 años, con compañero y escolaridad de hasta ocho años; las ciudades con menor y mayor prevalencia, respectivamente, en adultos fueron São Luís y Cuiabá, y en los ancianos, Belém y Manaus. Conclusión: la simultaneidad se identificó en el contexto nacional, y medidas de prevención deben ser dirigidas especialmente al tratamiento de la hipertensión.
Objective: to describe the prevalence and sociodemographic profile of chronic noncommunicable disease (CNCDs) simultaneity in adults and elderly people resident in Brazilian state capital cities. Methods: Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Risk and Protection Factor Surveillance System Survey 2013; simultaneity was considered to be two or more CNCDs (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity). Results: of the total 52,929 participants, 13.7% of adult participants and 42.9% of elderly participants had CNCD simultaneity; hypertension and diabetes mellitus simultaneity was greater in adults, while hypertension and obesity simultaneity was greater in the elderly; simultaneity was more prevalent in women, in those between 50 and 59 years old, with partners and up to eight years of schooling; the cities with the lowest and highest prevalence in adults were São Luís and Cuiabá, respectively, while in the elderly, the cities were Belém and Manaus, respectively. Conclusion: simultaneity was identified nationwide; prevention measures should be directed especially toward treatment of hypertension.