[Epidemiological study on chronic renal failure elderly patients on hemodialysis]. / Estudio epidemiológico de pacientes ancianos con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis.

Hemodialysis shows an increased prevalence in elderly patients, a population which often presents poor nutrition, high prevalence of cardiovascular, neurological and osteoarticular diseases and psycho-social problems. The objective of this epidemiological, cross-sectional and multicenter study, in patients older than 65 years (n 625) and >75 years (n 558) from 29 Spanish medical institutions was to perform an epidemiological analysis It included demographic information, as well as data regarding chronic renal failure, functional and psychological abilities (Katz Index, Lawton and Karnofsky Scales), dialysis logistics and clinical parameters. The study analyzed data from 1,183 patients (678 female), mean age 75.4+/-5.5 years; mean duration of dialysis 4.3+/-5.1 years (57.7% were referred by the GP: general practitioner). The most frequent etiologies were diabetic nephropathy (21.2%) and vascular renal disease (20.9%). The main comorbilites were high blood pressure (75.6%), Diabetes Mellitus (32.9%) and vascular (29.0%) and osteoarticular (27.3%) diseases. The great majority of patients lived at their family home (85.0%), travelled to their dialysis units alone (80.8%) and by ambulance (56.7%), and it took them less than an hour to arrive (87.5%). Over 75% of patients were fully functional (79.4% under 75 years and 71.6% over 75); meanwhile 10.5% were partially impaired and 13,8% severely impaired. Karnofsky performance scale scored less than 70 in 59.4% of the patients. Analytical parameters rated Hb >or= 11 g/dL for 81.7% of patients; ferritin >or= 100 ng/dL for 98.5%; PTH 150-300 pg/mL for 31.9%; albumin >3.5 g/dL for 75.6%; and serum phosphor <5.5 mg/dL for 70.6%. For the dialysis Kt/V the mean value was 1.4+/-0.3 with a mean duration of dialysis session of 11.7+/-4.0 hours/week. High permeability membranes were used in 52.3% of patients and internal arteriovenous fistula in 74.0%. Around 75% of elderly patients on hemodialysis fulfill age-suitable daily living activities and display adequate dialysis quality parameters.

Estudio epidemiológico de pacientes ancianos con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis / Epidemiological study on chronic renal failure elderly patients on hemodialysis

Los ancianos, una población cada vez más prevalente en hemodiálisis, suelen presentar mal estado nutricional, alta prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares, neurológicas y osteoarticulares, y problemas psicosociales. Este trabajo analiza descriptivamente la epidemiología de esta población, mediante un estudio multicéntrico epidemiológico transversal de 1.183 pacientes en 29 centros españoles con pacientes mayores de 65 (n 625) y mayores de 75 años (n 558) en hemodiálisis. En él se examinan parámetros demográficos, relativos a la insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC), valoración cognitiva- funcional (índice de Katz, Karnofsky y escala Lawton), aspectos logísticos y parámetros analíticos. 678 fueron mujeres La media de edad fue de 75,4 ± 5,5, y 4,3 ± 5,1 años desde el diagnóstico de IRC al inicio de la hemodiálisis, y el 57,7% fue remitido por el médico de familia. Las etiologías más frecuentes fueron: nefropatía diabética (21,2%) y enfermedad vascular renal (20,9%). En las comorbilidades se halló hipertensión arterial (75,6%), Diabetes Mellitus (32,9%), enfermedad vascular (29,0%) y osteoarticular (27,3%). La gran mayoría de los pacientes vivían en un domicilio familiar fijo (85,0%), acudían solos (80,8%) y en ambulancia (56,7%) a diálisis, y tardaban menos de 1 h en llegar a sus centros (87,5%). Más del 75,0% de los pacientes se encontraban en pleno funcionamiento (el 79,4% de los menores de 75 años y años el 71,6% de los mayores de 75), un 13,8% presentaban un deterioro funcional severo, y el 10,5% restante un deterioro moderado. En el análisis de la valoración cognitiva-funcional, el 59,4% de los pacientes presentaron un Karnofsky menor de 70. En la analítica, el porcentaje de pacientes con Hb ≥ 11 g/dL era del 81,7%; con ferritina sérica ≥ 100 ng/dL del 98,5%; con PTH 150-300 pg/mL del 31,9%; con albúmina > 3,5 g/dL del 75,6%; y con fósforo sérico < 5,5 mg/d del 70,6%. En la diálisis mostraron una media de Kt/V 1,4 ± 0,3 y de 11,7 ± 4 horas de tiempo de diálisis. Hubo uso de membranas de alta permeabilidad en el 52,3%, y el 74,0% de los pacientes utilizaron fístula arteriovenosa interna. Un 75% de los pacientes ancianos en hemodiálisis desarrollan actividades de la vida diaria normales para su edad, con parámetros adecuados de calidad de diálisis (AU)

Hemodialysis shows an increased prevalence in elderly patients, a population which often presents poor nutrition, high prevalence of cardiovascular, neurological and osteoarticular diseases and psycho-social problems. The objective of this epidemiological, cross-sectional and multicenter study, in patients older than 65 years (n 625) and > 75 years (n 558) from 29 Spanish medical institutions was to perform an epidemiological analysis It included demographic information, as well as data regarding chronic renal failure, functional and psychological abilities (Katz Index, Lawton and Karnofsky Scales), dialysis logistics and clinical parameters. The study analyzed data from 1,183 patients (678 female), mean age 75,4 ± 5,5 years; mean duration of dialysis 4,3 ± 5,1 years (57,7% were referred by the GP: general practitioner). The most frequent etiologies were diabetic nephropathy (21,2%) and vascular renal disease (20,9%). The main comorbilites were high blood pressure (75,6%), Diabetes Mellitus (32,9%) and vascular (29,0%) and osteoarticular (27,3%) diseases. The great majority of patients lived at their family home (85,0%), travelled to their dialysis units alone (80,8%) and by ambulance (56,7%), and it took them less than an hour to arrive (87,5%). Over 75% of patients were fully functional (79,4% under 75 years and 71,6% over 75); meanwhile 10,5% were partially impaired and 13,8% severely impaired. Karnofsky performance scale scored less than 70 in 59,4% of the patients. Analytical parameters rated Hb ≥ 11 g/dL for 81,7% of patients; ferritin ≥ 100 ng/dL for 98,5%; PTH 150-300 pg/mL for 31,9%; albumin > 3,5 g/dL for 75,6%; and serum phosphor < 5,5 mg/dL for 70,6%. For the dialysis Kt/V the mean value was 1,4 ± 0,3 with a mean duration of dialysis session of 11,7 ± 4,0 hours/week. High permeability membranes were used in 52,3% of patients and internal arteriovenous fistula in 74,0%. Around 75% of elderly patients on hemodialysis fulfill age-suitable daily living activities and display adequate dialysis quality parameters (AU)