Wavelet-Like Transform to Optimize the Order of an Autoregressive Neural Network Model to Predict the Dissolved Gas Concentration in Power Transformer Oil from Sensor Data.

Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is one of the most important methods to analyze fault in power transformers. In general, DGA is applied in monitoring systems based upon an autoregressive model; the current value of a time series is regressed on past values of the same series, as well as present and past values of some exogenous variables. The main difficulty is to decide the order of the autoregressive model; this means determining the number of past values to be used. This study proposes a wavelet-like transform to optimize the order of the variables in a nonlinear autoregressive neural network to predict the in oil dissolved gas concentration (DGC) from sensor data. Daubechies wavelets of different lengths are used to create representations with different time delays of ten DGC, which are then subjected to a procedure based on principal components analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation to find out the order of an autoregressive model. The representations with optimal time delays for each DGC are applied as input in a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) network with backpropagation algorithm to predict the gas at the present and future times. This approach produces better results than choosing the same time delay for all inputs, as usual. The forecasts reached an average mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 5.763%, 1.525%, 1.831%, 2.869%, and 5.069% for C2H2, C2H6, C2H4, CH4, and H2, respectively.

Therapeutic Protocol for Orthosurgical Management of Class III Malocclusion in Patients With Cleidocranial Dysostosis.

Cleidocranial dysostosis (CCD) is a congenital skeletal disorder with significant manifestations in facial and dental development. Patients are affected with CCD present maxillary deficiency, late dental eruption, and supernumerary teeth. Early and multidisciplinary approach is necessary to treat CCD patients, especially to manage dental eruption and Class III malocclusion with maxillary deficiency. Several orthodontic and surgical interventions are performed to enable traction and extraction of teeth. Yet the maxillary deficiency may be protracted followed by orthodontic dental compensation. On the other hand, it is important to note that CCD patients' treatment is closely related to the severity of transversal and sagittal deformities, as well as the discrepancies in the lower third of the face. In this context, patients with facial impairment highly affected by CCD may need ortho-surgical decompensation to reach more aesthetic outcomes. The present study reports a case of a 14-year-old young patient affected by CCD. Clinically, the patient presented Class III malocclusion, maxillary deficiency, short lower facial third, posterior crossbite, and anterior open bite leading to facial disharmony. The patient underwent treatment in 2 stages: the interceptive approach aimed to transversally expand the maxilla and promote its protraction; and the corrective phase combined with the orthognathic surgery treated the patients' main complains; the anterior open bite, unerupted teeth, and chin prominence. The treatment approach applied in the clinical report allowed the correction of the malocclusion and facial profile satisfying completely the patient's expectations.

Oral health of older people: tracking soft tissue injuries for the prevention of oral cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To detect oral soft tissue injuries in older people. METHOD: A quantitative analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Fortaleza, Ceará. Individual interviews addressed age, gender, marital status, income, and education. The community oral health indicator was used to detect oral soft tissue injuries and their location. RESULTS: Most of the 821 participants aged 60-100 years were women (580; 70.6%), attended school for up to 5 years (401; 48.8%), were illiterate (201; 24.5%), were retired (608; 74.1%), and received up to 2 wages (701; 85.4%). A total of 604 participants (73.6%) wore dentures. Injuries included red patches (152; 55.9%), blisters (58; 21.3%), lesions and/or wounds (39; 14.3%), and white patches (30; 11%). Locations of injuries were the roof of the mouth (167; 61.4%), gums (62; 22.8%), cheeks (39; 14.3%), tongue (15; 5.5%), lips (15; 5.5%), and the floor of the mouth (12; 4.4%). Injuries were associated with age (p<0.001), retirement (p=0.005), education (p=0.010), dentures (p<0.001) and red patches (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Tracking soft tissue injuries and referring older adults with suspected malignant lesions to the health team should be included as oral cancer identification and prevention measures. Furthermore, health care providers should raise older adults' awareness of the importance of regular preventive examinations.

Mapping the body surface temperature of cattle by infrared thermography.

Infrared thermography (IRT) is an alternative non-invasive method that has been studied as a tool for identifying many physiological and pathological processes related to changes in body temperature. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the body surface temperature of Jersey dairy cattle in a thermoneutral environment in order to contribute to the determination of a body surface temperature pattern for animals of this breed in a situation of thermal comfort. Twenty-four Jersey heifers were used over a period of 35 days at APTA Brazil. Measurements were performed on all animals, starting with the physiological parameters. Body surface temperature was measured by IRT collecting images in different body regions: left and right eye area, right and left eye, caudal left foreleg, cranial left foreleg, right and left flank, and forehead. High correlations were observed between temperature and humidity index (THI) and right flank, left flank and forehead temperatures (0.85, 0.81, and 0.81, respectively). The IRT variables that exhibited the five highest correlation coefficients in principal component 1 were, in decreasing order: forehead (0.90), right flank (0.87), left flank (0.84), marker 1 caudal left foreleg (0.83), marker 2 caudal left foreleg (0.74). The THI showed a high correlation coefficient (0.88) and moderate to low correlations were observed for the physiological variables rectal temperature (0.43), and respiratory frequency (0.42). The thermal profile obtained indicates a surface temperature pattern for each region studied in a situation of thermal comfort and may contribute to studies investigating body surface temperature. Among the body regions studied, IRT forehead temperature showed the highest association with rectal temperature, and forehead and right and left flank temperatures are strongly associated with THI and may be adopted in future studies on thermoregulation and body heat production.

Milk traits of lactating cows submitted to feed restriction.

Data from five experiments with dairy cows where feed was restricted to 0, 40, and 50% of the ad libitum amount, with 259 observations, were subjected to multivariate analyses to determine the effects of severity and duration of feed restriction on production, physical-chemical characteristics, ethanol stability, and somatic cell score of milk. A negative relationship was seen between the severity and duration of feed restriction with milk production, lactose content, titratable acidity, and milk stability to the ethanol test. The milk stability to the ethanol test, protein content, milk yield, and somatic cells score were the most important attributes retained by the discriminant analysis. Milk stability to the ethanol test, live weight, days in restriction, and pH were the most important characteristics explaining the variance within the different levels of feed restriction. Milk production and ethanol stability were significantly lower in both levels of feed restriction compared with the group fed ad libitum. When feed restriction was followed by refeeding, the difference observed in ethanol stability was the first discriminant variable, followed by the difference in unstable milk frequency and titratable acidity. Increments in the severity and duration of feed restriction negatively affect milk production and milk ethanol stability.

Estimating the environmental impact of endoscopic activity at a tertiary center: a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: The growing number of endoscopic procedures, frequently requiring single-use disposable instruments, is responsible for the production of a large amount of waste. To this date, the reality of waste production at large European Gastroenterology centers is unknown. This study aimed to estimate the amount of waste due to endoscopic practice at a tertiary center in Portugal. METHODS: We performed a prospective study to calculate the mass (in kg) of residues generated during a period of 5 working days of endoscopic practice. We included residues produced at endoscopy suites, pre and postprocedure areas and during endoscope reprocessing. Residues were categorized as non-dangerous (groups I/II), of biologic risk (group III) and specific hazardous hospital residues (group IV). The production of residues separated for recycling/valorization (paper/card and plastic) was also quantified. The volume of water used for reprocessing an endoscope was also assessed. RESULTS: During the analyzed period, 241 endoscopic procedures were performed. A total of 443.2 kg of waste (22.6 kg from groups I/II, 266.9 kg from group III and 3.9 kg from group IV) were produced, most from group III (75%). For each endoscopic procedure, 1.8 kg of waste was generated. Of the total waste mass, 17.8% was separated for recycling/valorization. A volume of 55L of water was required for reprocessing one endoscope. CONCLUSION: Each endoscopic procedure generated a significant amount of waste and water consumption during reprocessing. These real-life analyses are a pivotal step before implementing effective measures to improve resource utilization and more sustainable practices.

Insect pests and natural enemies associated with lettuce Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae) in an aquaponics system.

Although food is produced in aquaponics systems worldwide, no information is available on the occurrence of insect pests and natural enemies in aquaponic lettuce, Lactuca sativa L. In this study, a survey was carried out in an aquaponic system combining lettuce with lambari, Astyanax altiparanae (Garutti & Briski), aiming to determine the insect pests and natural enemies associated with this system. We also determined the predominant insect species and the effect of meteorological factors on their populations. Insect abundance was estimated by visual sampling during 13 cultivation cycles, totaling 27 sampling dates. The meteorological factors considered were air temperature and relative humidity, and their effects were determined using the Pearson correlation. The thrips Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) and Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) and the aphid Aphis spiraecola (Patch) predominated. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were essential factors affecting C. phaseoli and F. schultzei. The natural enemies found on the lettuce plants were the thrips Franklinothrips vespiformis (Crawford) and Stomatothrips angustipennis (Hood) and the ladybugs Cycloneda sanguinea L., Eriopis connexa (Germar), and Hippodamia convergens (Guérin-Méneville). These results constitute the first step for a lettuce-integrated pest-management program in aquaponics systems.

Scientific production in oncological palliative care with emphasis in communication.

Communication is a facilitating tool in palliative care, enabling the development of a therapeutic process based on universal humanistic values, with benefits for the team, cancer patient, and family. This theme is of great importance and highlights the significant contributions to clinical practice in the context of palliative care in oncology with an emphasis on communication.

Scientific production in oncological palliative care with emphasis in communication

SUMMARY Communication is a facilitating tool in palliative care, enabling the development of a therapeutic process based on universal humanistic values, with benefits for the team, cancer patient, and family. This theme is of great importance and highlights the significant contributions to clinical practice in the context of palliative care in oncology with an emphasis on communication.

RESUMO A comunicação é uma ferramenta facilitadora nos cuidados paliativos, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de um processo terapêutico baseado em valores humanísticos universais, com benefícios para equipe, paciente oncológico e família. Essa temática é de grande importância e evidencia as contribuições significativas para a prática clínica no contexto dos cuidados paliativos em oncologia com ênfase na comunicação.

Scientific production in online journals about the new Coronavirus (Covid-19): bibliometric research / Producción científica en revistas online sobre el nuevo Coronavirus (Covid-19): investigación bibliométrica / Produção científica em periódicos online sobre o novo Coronavírus (Covid-19): pesquisa bibliométrica

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the bibliometric indicators of scientific production available in online journals that address Covid-19. Method: bibliometric study using Bradford's Law, network maps and textual statistics conducted with publications available in databases, from January to March 2020. Results: the sample consisted of 110 scientific articles. The main authors of the studies were linked to 83 institutions in 30 countries, giving priority to medical training. China was the country that published the most, providing a large number of research data. Patients infected with Covid-19 and the population in general made up the study populations and the hospital environment was the place where most of the research was performed. The journal with the highest number of publications has a high scientific influence among academic journals. The predominance of themes about Covid-19 was observed through the analysis of terms. Conclusion: bibliometric indicators indicate existing directions and gaps in the scientific production of Covid-19, which will assist in the development of future research, especially at the national level.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir los indicadores bibliométricos de producción científica disponibles en revistas online que abordan Covid-19. Métodos: estudio bibliométrico utilizando la Ley de Bradford, mapas de red y estadísticas textuales realizadas con publicaciones disponibles en bases de datos, de enero a marzo de 2020. Resultados: la muestra consistió en 110 artículos científicos. Los principales autores de los estudios estaban vinculados a 83 instituciones en 30 países, dando prioridad a la formación médica. China fue el país que más publicó, proporcionando una gran cantidad de datos de investigación. Los pacientes infectados con Covid-19 y la población en general formaron las poblaciones de estudio y el entorno hospitalario fue el lugar donde se realizó la mayor parte de la investigación. La revista con el mayor número de publicaciones tiene una alta influencia científica entre las revistas académicas. A través del análisis de los términos, se observó el predominio de temas sobre Covid-19. Conclusión: los indicadores bibliométricos indican las direcciones y lagunas existentes en la producción científica de Covid-19, lo que ayudará en el desarrollo de futuras investigaciones, especialmente a nivel nacional.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever os indicadores bibliométricos da produção científica disponível em periódicos online que abordam a Covid-19. Método: estudo bibliométrico com utilização da Lei de Bradford, de mapas de redes e estatística textual realizado com publicações disponibilizadas em bases de dados, no período de janeiro a março de 2020. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 110 artigos científicos. Os autores principais dos estudos tinham vinculações com 83 instituições distribuídas em 30 países, apresentando prioritariamente a formação em medicina. China foi o país que mais publicou, fornecendo grande número de dados de pesquisa. Pacientes infectados pela Covid-19 e a população em geral compuseram as populações dos estudos e o ambiente hospitalar foi o local de desenvolvimento da maior parte das pesquisas. O periódico com maior quantitativo de publicações possui alta influência científica entre as revistas acadêmicas. Por meio da análise dos termos, observou-se a predominância de temáticas acerca da Covid-19. Conclusão: os indicadores bibliométricos indicam direcionamentos e lacunas existentes sobre a produção científica da Covid-19, os quais auxiliarão no desenvolvimento de pesquisas futuras, sobretudo no âmbito nacional.

Protocolo de Tratamento Orto-Cirúrgico da Má Oclusão de Classe II em paciente com Sindrome da Apnéia e/ou Hipoapnéia Obstrutiva do sono: relato de caso / Ortho-surgical treatment protocol for Class II malocclusion in a patient with obstructive sleep apnea and/or hypopnea syndrome: case report

Introdução: A Síndrome de apnéia e/ou hipopnéia obstrutiva do sono (SAHOS) é caracterizada pela obstrução repetida das vias aéreas ou redução da respiração durante o sono. Esta síndrome é causada por colapso faríngeo contra aumento do esforço espiratório durante o sono. A SAHOS leva à deterioração da qualidade do sono associado à queixa de sonolência diurna excessiva e a efeitos desfavoráveis no sistema cardiovascular. Características orofaciais como retrognatismo mandibular e/ou associado a retrognatismo maxilar, má oclusão de Classe II, com ou sem mordida aberta, e diminuição das vias aéreas orofaríngeas fazem parte do seu quadro. Objetivo: Relato do tratamento ortocirúrgico de um paciente com 31 anos de idade com caraterísticas de SAHOS, má oclusão de Classe II, deficiência mandibular, mordida cruzada posterior e aberta anterior, diminuição da altura facial anteroinferior, aprofundamento do sulco mentolabial, pouca exposição do lábio inferior e nítido desequilíbrio facial. Relato e Resultados: Tratamentos não invasivos para SAHOS passam pelos dispositivos de pressão nasal contínua positiva nas vias aéreas ou aparelhos intra-bucais com o objetivo de manter a mandíbula em posição anteriorizada durante o sono. Nos tratamentos invasivos, a cirurgia de avanço mandibular evita a rotação no sentido anti-horário do complexo maxilomandibular com aumento do espaço orofaríngeo das vias aéreas médias e inferiores. Nas situações com grande impacto esquelético dentofacial associado ao grau de obstrução das vias aéreas será necessário um tratamento descompensatório ortocirúrgico, permitindo assim um restabelecimento respiratório e estético da face. Conclusão: O tratamento descompensatório com avanço cirúrgico bimaxilar foi responsável pela correção da má oclusão e aumento do espaço aéreo, contemplando a expectativa respiratória, funcional e estética.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea and/or hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is characterized by repeated obstruction of the airway or reduction of breathing during sleep. This syndrome is caused by pharyngeal collapse against increased respiratory effort during sleep. SAHOS leads to deterioration of sleep quality associated with clinical complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness and unfavorable effects on the cardiovascular system. Orofacial features such as mandibular retrognathism and/or associated maxillary retrognathism, Class II malocclusion, with or without open bite and reduction of the oropharyngeal airway characterize this syndrome. Objective: It is reported an orthosurgical treatment of a 31 years old male patient, with OSAHS characteristics, Class II malocclusion, mandibular deficiency, posterior crossbite and anterior open bite, lower anterior facial height decrease, deepening of the labial sulcus, little exposure of the lower lip and unbalanced face. Report and Results: Non-invasive treatments for OSAHS pass through positive continuous nasal pressure devices in the airways or intra-oral appliances in order to maintain the mandible in an anterior position during sleep. In the invasive treatments protocol, mandibular advancement surgery prevents rotation in the anti-clockwise direction of the maxillomandibular complex with an increase in the oropharyngeal space of the middle and lower airways. In cases with great skeletal dentofacial impact associated with the degree of obstruction of the airway will be necessary an ortho-surgical decompensatory treatment, to allow a respiratory and aesthetic restoration of the face. Conclusion: The decompensatory treatment with bimaxillary surgical advancement corrected the malocclusion, increasing the air space contemplating the respiratory, functional and aesthetic expectation.

Oral health of older people: tracking soft tissue injuries for the prevention of oral cancer / Saúde bucal de idosos: rastreio de lesões dos tecidos moles na prevenção do câncer bucal / Salud bucal de personas mayores: rastreo de lesiones de tejidos blandos en la prevención del cáncer bucal

ABSTRACT Objective: To detect oral soft tissue injuries in older people. Method: A quantitative analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Fortaleza, Ceará. Individual interviews addressed age, gender, marital status, income, and education. The community oral health indicator was used to detect oral soft tissue injuries and their location. Results: Most of the 821 participants aged 60-100 years were women (580; 70.6%), attended school for up to 5 years (401; 48.8%), were illiterate (201; 24.5%), were retired (608; 74.1%), and received up to 2 wages (701; 85.4%). A total of 604 participants (73.6%) wore dentures. Injuries included red patches (152; 55.9%), blisters (58; 21.3%), lesions and/or wounds (39; 14.3%), and white patches (30; 11%). Locations of injuries were the roof of the mouth (167; 61.4%), gums (62; 22.8%), cheeks (39; 14.3%), tongue (15; 5.5%), lips (15; 5.5%), and the floor of the mouth (12; 4.4%). Injuries were associated with age (p<0.001), retirement (p=0.005), education (p=0.010), dentures (p<0.001) and red patches (p<0.001). Conclusion: Tracking soft tissue injuries and referring older adults with suspected malignant lesions to the health team should be included as oral cancer identification and prevention measures. Furthermore, health care providers should raise older adults' awareness of the importance of regular preventive examinations.

RESUMO Objetivo: Detectar agravos aos tecidos moles orais em pessoas idosas. Método: Estudo quantitativo, analítico, transversal, realizado. As entrevistas individuais abordaram idade, sexo, estado civil, renda e educação. O Indicador Comunitário de Saúde Bucal foi utilizado para detectar agravos aos tecidos moles orais e sua localização. Resultados: A maioria dos 821 participantes tinha entre 60 e 100 anos, era mulheres (580; 70,6%), com até 5 anos de escolaridade (401; 48,8%), analfabeta (201; 24,5%), aposentada (608; 74,1%), recebia até dois salários (701; 85,4%) e 604 (73,6%) usava prótese dentária. Os agravos incluíram manchas vermelhas (152; 55,9%), bolhas (58; 21,3%), lesões e/ou feridas (39; 14,3%) e manchas brancas (30; 11%). As localizações foram palato (167; 61,4%), gengivas (62; 22,8%), bochechas (39; 14,3%), língua (15; 5,5%); lábios (15; 5,5%) e assoalho da boca (12; 4,4%). As localizações estiveram associadas à idade (p <0,001), aposentadoria (p = 0,005), escolaridade (p = 0,010), próteses (p <0,001) e manchas vermelhas (p <0,001). Conclusão: Rastrear agravos aos tecidos moles e encaminhar idosos com suspeita de lesões malignas à equipe de saúde devem ser medidas de identificação e prevenção do câncer bucal. Além disso, os profissionais de saúde devem conscientizar os idosos da importância de exames preventivos regulares.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Detectar agravamientos en los tejidos blandos orales en personas mayores. Método: Estudio cuantitativo, analítico, trasversal, llevado a cabo en Fortaleza, Ceará. Entrevistas individuales abordaron edad, sexo, estado civil, ingresos y educación. El Indicador Comunitario de Salud Bucal fue utilizado para detectar agravamientos a los tejidos blandos orales y su ubicación. Resultados: La mayoría de los 821 participantes tenían entre 60 y 100 años, estaba compuesto de mujeres (580; 70,6%), con hasta 5 años de escolaridad (401; 48,8%), analfabetas (201; 24,5%), jubiladas (608; 74,1%), cobraban hasta dos sueldos mínimos (701; 85,4%) y 604 (73,6%) llevaban prótesis dental. Los agravamientos incluyeron manchas rojas (152; 55,9%), burbujas (58; 21,3%), lesiones y/o heridas (39; 14,3%) y manchas blancas (30; 11%). Las ubicaciones fueron paladar (167; 61,4%), encías (62; 22,8%), mejillas (39; 14,3%), lengua (15; 5,5%), labios (15; 5,5%) y suelo de la boca (12; 4,4%). Las ubicaciones estuvieron asociadas con la edad (p<0,001), jubilación (p = 0,005), escolaridad (p = 0,010), prótesis (p <0,001) y manchas rojas (p <0,001). Conclusión: Rastrear agravamientos a los tejidos blandos y derivar a las personas mayores con sospecha de lesiones malignas al equipo de salud deben ser medidas de identificación y prevención del cáncer bucal. Además, los profesionales sanitarios deben concienciar a los ancianos acerca de la importancia de hacer exámenes preventivos regulares.

Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of Mentha crispa in the treatment of giardiasis.

It's estimated that around 200 million people are annually infected with Giardia lamblia, making the disease a major cause of morbidity worldwide. The current treatment of giardiasis includes the use of several drugs, among them, herbal medicines formulated with Mentha crispa. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of M. crispa in the treatment of giardiasis. The research consisted initially of a cross-sectional study for the selection of subjects with giardiasis. After that, there was a randomized, open, in parallel with active control study, in order to verify the therapeutic efficacy of M. crispa in the treatment of giardiasis. Coprology samples were collected from 1622 patients between May 2005 and May 2007 for a series of parasitological examinations. Ninety-six patients with G. lamblia were selected, which were then distributed randomly into two groups: Secnidazole, consisting of 50 patients treated with 2g of Secnidazole and M. crispa, containing 46 patients treated with 2g of M. crispa. After 7 days, healing was evaluated by enzyme immunoassay in a fresh fecal sample. Additionally, the subjects were questioned about possible adverse effects and answered a questionnaire covering socioeconomic and hydrosanitary issues. The analysis of the clinical trial data showed that the cure rate for the Secnidazole group (84.0%) was significantly higher (P=0.0002) as that verified in the M. crispa group (47.83%). Therefore, the study concludes that, in the dose used in this trial, the effect of M. crispa in the treatment of giardisis is less effective than that of Secnidazole.

Chemical and physical attributes and calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus in the soil of murundu fields in Brazil / Atributos químicos, físicos e estoque de cálcio, magnésio, potássio e fósforo em solos de campos de murundus no Brasil

Fields of murundus (FM) are wetlands that provide numerous ecosystem services. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the chemical [organic carbon (OC), P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+ and H+Al] and physical [texture and bulk density (Bd)] soil attributes and calculate the organic matter (OM) and nutrient stock (P, Ca, Mg, and K) in soils of FM located in the Guapore River basin in Mato Grosso. Thirty-six sampling points were selected, and soil samples were collected from two environments: the murundu and plain area surrounding (PAS). At each sampling point, mini trenches of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.4 m were opened and disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected at depths of 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2, and 0.2-0.4 m. In the Principal Component Analysis the variables H+Al (49%) and OM (4%) were associated with the F1 component and sand content (47%) with the F2 component. The FM had lower pH values and higher concentrations of K+, P, and H+Al than PAS at all depths (p < 0.05). Additionally, FM stocked up to 433, 360, 205, and 11 kg ha-1 of Ca, Mg, K, and P, respectively, for up to a depth of 0.2 m. The murundu stored two times more K and three times more P than that in the PAS. Our results show that the FM has high sand content and Bd greater than 1.5 Mg m-3, high acidity, low OC content, and low nutrient concentrations. Thus, special care must be taken to preserve FM such that human intervention does not trigger environmental imbalances.

Campos de murundus (CM) são áreas úmidas que prestam inúmeros serviços ecossistêmicos. Os objetivos desse estudo foram avaliar atributos químicos [carbono orgânico (CO), P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+ e H+Al] e físicos [textura e densidade do solo (Ds)] e calcular os teores de matéria orgânica (MO) e estoques dos nutrientes P, Ca, K e Mg em solos de CM localizados na bacia do Rio Guaporé em Mato Grosso. Foram selecionados 36 pontos de amostragem e coletadas amostras de solo em dois ambientes: murundu e área plana circunvizinha (APC). Em cada ponto foram abertas minitrincheiras de 0,5 × 0,5 × 0,4 m e coletadas amostras de solo deformadas e indeformadas nas profundidades de 0-0,1; 0,1-0,2; e 0,2-0,4 m. Na Análise de Componentes Principais as variáveis H+Al (49%) e MO (4%) foram associados com o componente F1 e o teor de areia (47%) com o componente F2. O murundu apresenta menor pH e maiores teores de K+, P e H+Al que a APC em ambas profundidades (p < 0,05). Até 0,2 m esses CM estocam 433; 360; 205; e 11 kg ha-1 de Ca, Mg, K e P, respectivamente. No entanto, o murundu estoca duas vezes mais K e três vezes mais P que a APC. Estes CM apresentam altos teores de areia, Ds superior a 1,5 Mg m-3, elevada acidez, baixo teor de CO e pobreza em nutrientes. Dessa forma, necessitam de cuidados especiais para que a intervenção antrópica não desencadeie desequilíbrios ambientais.

Cuidados paliativos:discurso de médicos residentes / Palliative care: the speech medical residents

Introdução: os cuidados paliativos são realizados por equipe multiprofissional da qual fazem parte a Enfermagem, Psicologia, Fisioterapia, Serviço Social e a Medicina. E apesar dessa modalidade terapêutica ser indispensável a pacientes fora das possibilidadesde cura, evidencia-se que esses cuidados são pouco divulgados nos cursos de Medicina, o que contribui para falta de conhecimento dos médicos recém-formados. Objetivos: investigar o discurso de médicos-residentes acerca das finalidades dos cuidados paliativos. Métodos: trata-se de pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa. Participaram do estudo 19 médicos-residentes da área de anestesia e cirurgiade um hospital de João Pessoa-PB. O material empírico foi analisado qualitativamente, mediante a técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo. Resultados: a partir dos discursos dos participantes, foi possível identificar as seguintes ideias centrais: os cuidados paliativos visam a melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente com doença incurável e em fase terminal; são cuidados que buscam propiciar conforto e dignidade ao pacientesem possibilidade terapêutica de cura; e cuidados que propiciam alívio de sintomas, dor e sofrimento do paciente terminal. Conclusões: os médicos residentes entendem que os cuidados paliativos visam à melhoria da qualidade de vida, mediante o alívio dos sintomas e o controle da dor, por meio do qual é possível vivenciar e acompanhar o processo do adoecimento com respeito e dignidade, prevenindo o sofrimento desnecessário e intervindo preventivamente.

Introduction: palliative care is provided by a multidisciplinary team that consists of Nursing, Psychology, Physiotherapy, Social work, and Medicine. Although this type of therapy is essential for patients outside of the healing possibilities, it is evident that these caring procedures are little disseminated in medical courses resulting in lack of knowledge by newly graduated doctors. Objectives: to investigate the medical residents?speech about the goals of palliative care. Methods: this was an exploratory research with a qualitative approach. The study included 19 medical residents in the area of anesthesia and surgery at a hospital in João Pessoa-PB. The empirical material was analyzed qualitatively by the collective subject speech technique. Results: it was possible toidentify the following core ideas from the speeches of participants: palliative care aimed at improving the quality of life of patients with incurable diseases and at terminal stages; this care seeks to provide comfort and dignity to the patient without therapeutic possibilityof cure; they provide relief from symptoms, pain, and suffering for the terminally ill patient. Conclusions: resident physicians understand that the palliative care aimed at improving the quality of life through symptom relief and pain control, through which experiencing and monitoring the process of illness is possible with respect and dignity, preventing unnecessarysuffering and providing preventive intervention.

Avaliação de vídeos sobre Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV) publicados no Youtube / Evaluation of Basic Life Support (BLS) videos published on YouTube

O presente trabalho tratará de uma análise de vídeos do YouTube relacionada ao suporte básico de vida de acordo com as diretrizes da American HeartAssociation (AHA) de 2010. O trabalho em questão é uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada no sítio de compartilhamento de vídeos do YouTube, cujo endereço é "www.youtube.com.br, um "site bastante acionado pelos usuários da "internet" para adquirir conhecimentos de qualquer área. Foram analisados 104 vídeos. A média de duração dos vídeos foi de 6 minutos e 21 segundos. Dos 104 vídeos, 40 (38%) estavam de acordo com AHA e 64 (62%) não estavam conforme as diretrizes AHA. Quanto ao número de erros por vídeos os resultados demonstraram que metade dos vídeos analisados apresentaram 3 erros de publicação de acordo com AHA de 2010. Os vídeos analisados perfizeram um total de 148 desconformidades. O não seguimento da sequência CABD foi o erro mais comum observado com 45 (30,4%) aparições. Em relação à autoria dos vídeos, estes foram publicados por organização/instituição, pessoa física e ONG. Os vídeos analisados apresentaram um grande número de visualizações obtendo uma média de 23.829 visualizações... (AU)

This research will deal with an analysis of YouTube videos related to basic life support according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association (AHA) 2010. These is an exploratory research with a quantitative approach, carried out at the site of sharing YouTube videos, whose address is "www.youtube.com.br " a " site " that is very driven by users internet " to acquire knowledge in any field . 104 videos were analyzed. The average length of the videos were 6 minutes and 21 seconds. Of the 104 videos analyzed, 40 (38 %) were in accordance with AHA and 64 (62%) were not in accordance with guidelines AHA. As for the number of errors per video results showed that half of the videos analyzed present 3 Mistakes of publication according to AHA 2010. Videos analyzed resulted in a total of 148 discontinuities in total. Failure to follow the sequence CABD was the most common error observed in 45 (30.4%) appearances. Regarding the authorship of the videos were posted by the same organization / institution, individuals and NGOs. The videos analyzed showed a large number of views getting an average of 23,829 views... (AU)

Abscesso cerebral desencadeado por infecção odontogênica? / Brain abscess due to odontogenic infection? Case report

O abscesso cerebral é uma infecção encapsulada que acomete o tecido cerebral promovendo um efeito de massa que desloca as demais estruturas cerebrais, causando diversos sintomas. Este é resultado de uma infecção ou foco próximo às meninges, onde as bactérias se disseminam, atingindo a área cerebral. Os sintomas mais frequentemente apresentados são cefaleia, rigidez do pescoço, vômito, estado febril e fraqueza. O objetivo do presente estudo foi apresentar o relato de caso de uma paciente que, após tratamento periodontal, evoluiu para um quadro de meningite bacteriana e, posteriormente, abscesso cerebral. A paciente entrou em antibioticoterapia (oxacilina, metronidazol e ceftriaxona) durante cinco semanas. Foi realizada uma sequência de exames para obtenção do diagnóstico e realização do tratamento. Foram analisados exames como tomografia, hemograma, ressonância magnética, punção lombar da medula, radiografia do tórax e ecocardiograma. Depois de analisado todo o caso, a suspeita mais evidente para o desencadeamento do quadro infeccioso cerebral foi a intervenção periodontal.

The brain abscess is an infection that affects the encapsulated brain tissue, promoting a mass effect that moves the other brain structures, causing various symptoms. This is the result of an infection or outbreak near ace meninges, where the bacteria spread, reaching the brain area. Symptoms most often appear are headache, stiff neck, vomit, fever and weakness. This study presents a case report of a patient after periodontal treatment, evolved into a framework of bacterial meningitis and subsequent cerebral abscess. The patient went into antibiotics (oxacillin, metronidazole and ceftriaxone) for about 5 weeks. We performed a series of tests, for the diagnosis and continuing treatment. CT scans were analyzed as, CBC, MRI, spinal tap spinal, chest radiography and echocardiography. After examining all cases, the most evident suspected to trigger the brain infection was periodontal intervention.

Estudo de toxicologia clínica de um fitoterápico contendo Passiflora incarnata L., Crataegus oxyacantha L., Salix alba L. em voluntários saudáveis / Clinical toxicology study of an herbal medicine with Passiflora incarnata L., Crataegus oxyacantha L., Salix alba L. in healthy volunteers

O Pasalix® é um produto fitoterápico contendo uma associação de três plantas medicinais: Passiflora incarnata, Salix alba e Crataegus oxyacantha. Sua principal indicação é para o tratamento da ansiedade e insônia. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a toxicologia clínica dessa formulação em voluntários saudáveis. Para isso realizou-se um ensaio clínico não aleatório, aberto, com 24 voluntários sadios do sexo masculino, que receberam ambulatorialmente dois (2) comprimidos revestidos do fitoterápico duas vezes ao dia, durante 28 dias ininterruptos. Os voluntários foram incluídos no estudo somente quando considerados saudáveis após avaliação clínica, exame físico e exames laboratoriais que antecederam o estudo. A avaliação laboratorial incluiu análise hematológica, bioquímica e sorológica. A avaliação clínica e laboratorial foi repetida após a 1ª, 2ª, 3ª e 4ª semanas de tratamento e 7 dias após a última administração. O Pasalix® foi bem tolerado pelos 24 voluntários não apresentando eventos adversos graves. Os exames clínicos, eletrocardiográficos e laboratoriais efetuados antes, durante e após o ensaio não evidenciaram sinais de toxicidade nos diversos órgãos e sistemas avaliados, confirmando a segurança da preparação para utilização em ensaios de eficácia terapêutica.

Pasalix® is an herbal medicine containing a combination of three medicinal plants: Passiflora incarnata, Salix alba and Crataegus oxyacantha. Its main indication is to treat anxiety and insomnia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical toxicology of that formulation in healthy volunteers. For this, a non-randomized open clinical trial was conducted with 24 healthy male volunteers, who received two (2) coated tablets of the herbal medicine twice a day for 28 uninterrupted days. The volunteers were included in the study only when considered healthy after clinical assessment, physical examination and laboratory tests which preceded the study. The laboratory tests included: hematological, biochemical and serological analysis. The clinical and laboratory evaluation was repeated after the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th weeks of the treatment and 7 days after the last administration. Pasalix® was well tolerated by the 24 volunteers, and it has showed no serious adverse events. The clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic data assessed before, during and after the test showed no signals of toxicity in various organs and systems evaluated, confirming the safety of the preparation for use in trials of therapeutic efficacy.

Avaliação dos extratos de anacardium occidentale linn e lippia sidoides cham no processo de cicatrização tecidual. Estudo histológico em dorso de ratos / Evaluation of extracts from Anacardium occidentale Linn. and Lippia sidoides Cham. on wound healing process. Histological study in rats

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar histologicamente o efeito dos géis contendo extratos de Anacardium occidentale Linn. (AO) e Lippia sidoides Cham.(LS) no reparo tecidual de feridas cutâneas em dorso de ratos. Dezoito ratos da raça Wistar foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos de seis animais cada, de acordo com o período experimental: Grupo 1 (n = 6), sacrificados no 1º dia; Grupo 2 (n = 6), sacrificados no 7º dia e grupo 3 (n = 6), sacrificados no 10º dia. Quatro feridas cutâneas foram realizadas por meio de escarificação utilizando bisturi com lâmina nº 10 no dorso dos animais e sobre elas foram aplicadas topicamente em dose única diária, uma das quatro substâncias. Estabeleceu-se o seguinte protocolo: grupo A (perfuração superior, lado esquerdo) – gel placebo (Carbopol); grupo B (perfuração inferior, lado esquerdo) – gel de digluconato de clorexidina a 2%; grupo C (perfuração superior, lado direito) – gel de AO a 10%; grupo D (perfuração inferior, lado direito) – gel de LS a 10%. Não houve diferença qualitativa e quantitativa no processo de cicatrização entre os grupos nos dias 1 e 10 (p>0,05), porém aos 7 dias os géis contendo os fitoterápicos mostraram resultados mais favoráveis (p<0,05), apresentando uma cicatrização mais rápida neste período

The aim of this study was to evaluate, by histological analysis, the effect of gels containing extracts of Anacardium occidentale Linn and Lippia sidoides Cham on wound healing in Wistar rats. Eighteen rats were randomly divided into three groups with six animals each: Group 1 (n = 6) sacrificed on 1st day, Group 2 (n = 6) sacrificed on 7th day and group 3 (n = 6) sacrificed on 10th day. Four wounds were made by scraping using a scalpel blade #10 on the dorsum of the animals, and one of the four substances applied once a day, following the protocol: group A (upper wound, left side) – placebo gel (Carbopol); group B (bottom wound, left side) – 2% chlorhexidine digluconate gel; group C (upper wound, right side) – 10% Anacardium occidentale Linn gel; group D (bottom wound, right side) – 10% Lippia sidoides Cham gel. There were no qualitative and quantitative differences in the healing process among groups on days 1 and 10 (p>0.05), but on day 7 the herbal gels showed more favorable results (p<0.05), improving the wound healing in this period