[Influence of the maternal effect on allogenic inhibition of hematopoietic stem cells]. / Vliianie materinskogo éffekta na allogennuiu ingibitsiiu stvolovykh krovetvornykh kletok

Bone marrow cells (0,5-10(6)) of female mice of CBA or C57BL strains were injected intravenously to lethally irradiated CBA, C57BL/6, (femaleCBA X maleC57BL/6)F1 and (femaleC57BL/6 X maleCBA)F1 mice. Spleen of recipients as assayed for colony count on the 9th day after bone marrow transplantation by the method of Till and McCullouch. Stem cells of CBA mice demonstrated failure of allogenic inhibition in (CBA X C57BL/6)F1 hybrid mice and formed the same number of colonies as in the spleen of syngenic recipients. The level of allogenic inhibition of CBA stem cells transplanted to (C57BL/6 X X CBA)F1 hybrid mice was 50%. Bone marrow cells of C57BL/6 mice formed colonies in spleen of (CBA X C57BL/6)F1 mice at least in 20 times less than in syngenic combination. In the transplantation of bone marrow from C57BL/6 mice to (C57BL/6 X CBA)F1 hybrid mice the allogenic inhibition was less pronounced (77-85%) as compared with the transfer of cells to (CBA X C57BL/6)F1 hybrid mice (95%). The sex of a recipient did not influence the number of formed colonies. The different level of allogenic inhibition of parental stem cells can not be explained by the effect of linkage with sex as the female of reciprocal hybrid mice have identical structure of sex chromosomes (X(CBA)XC57BL/6). The data obtained indicate that the maternal effect affects allogenic inhibition of stem cells in parent--F1 system. It is possible that the maternal influence may be determined by cytoplasmic factors of inheritance which affect the expressivity of recessive genes Hh, controlling the inheritance of specific haematopoietic cell antigens.

[Genetic control of allogenic inhibition of hematopoietic stem cells]. / Geneticheskii kontrol' allogennoi ingibitsii stvolovykh krovetvornykh kletok

Adult mice of C57BL/6, CBA (CBA X C57BL/6) F1, (CBA X C57BL/6) F2, F1 X CBA and F1 X C57BL/6 strains were lethally irradiated and reconstituted with a constant dose of 3-10(5) C57BL/6 bone marrow cells. At the 9th day after the bone marrow transplantation the colony count was performed in spleen of irradiated recipients. In the spleen of F1, CBA and C57BL/6 mice were registered low (0--8, intermediate (6--18) and high (22-40) numbers of colonies respectively. The segregation ratios in F2 progeny were close to 2 (low): 1(intermediate): 1(high). The segregation ratios in backcross (F1 X CBA) were close to 1(low): 1(intermediate)numbers of colonies. Backcrosses (F1 X C57BL/6) were distributed to low and high numbers of colonies with the ratio 1:1. The number of spleen colonies of males and females was the same in all segregating progeny. The results of hybrid analysis suggest that a single pair of allelic genes is involved in genetic control of allogenic inhibition, and that the resistance (manifestation of inhibition) to C57BL/6 stem cells is conferred by the dominant allele.

[Allogenic inhibition of the stem hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow of adult mice and in the embryonal liver]. / Allogennaia ingibitsiia stvolovykh krovetvornykh kletok kostnogo mozga vzroslykh myshei i embrional'noi pecheni

The maternal effect was shown to influence the degree of allogenic inhibition of stem hemopoietic cells of the embryonic liver and adult bone marrow in CBA and C57Bl/6 mice. The display of allogenic inhibition of stem cells of the embryonic liver and adult bone marrow proved to be similar in C57Bl/6 mice and dissimilar in CBA.

[Effect of syngenic lymphocytes on allogenic inhibition of hematopoietic stem cells of embryonic liver]. / Vliianie singennykh limfotsitov na allogennuiu ingibitsiiu stvolovykh krovetvornykh kletok embrional'noi pecheni

The transplantation of liver from the embryos and newborn C57BL-6 mice to the lethally irradiated hybrids (CBA X C57BL/6) F1resulted in 90% allogenic inhibition of the colony-forming activity of the donor elements. The degree of allogenic inhibition of liver cells of 19 days old embryos and newborn mice may be changed with the help of syngenic lymphocytes of adult mice or delayed transplantation of cells 72 hrs following the irradiation of recipients but these procedures proved to be ineffective with the liver cells of 13 and 16 days old embryos. A suggestion is put forward to the effect that the allogenic inhibition is based on the active reaction of recipient hybrids (CBAXXC57BL/6) F1 to the stem hemopoietic cells of C57BL/6 mice.

[Effect of trophoblast-specific beta 1-glycoprotein on the ratio of cellular forms in a mast cell population]. / Vliianie trofoblast-spetsificheskogo beta 1-glikoproteina na sootnoshenie kletochnykh form v populiatsii tuchnykh kletok.

The influence of trophoblast-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (TSG) on the degranulation of mast cells and their saturation with heparin was studied. Introduction of the TSG into the population of mast cells of the rat peritoneal fluid practically does not change their degranulation, but lowers the degree of their saturation with heparin. An antibiotic alone increases the saturation of the cells with heparin. The serum of an allergic animal markedly stimulates the degranulation and lowers the degree of saturation of the mast cells with heparin. In an experimental model (antibiotic--the serum of the allergic mast cells) the mast cells transform into very clear (heparin-free) cells and the degree of saturation is at minimum. The TSG introduction into this system stabilizes the population of mast cells and markedly increases the degree of their saturation with heparin. Although the degranulation is rather intensive, it is less expressed, than in the experimental model. This suggests the presence of TSG receptors on the mast cells (targets of allergic reactions). The possibility to use TSG preparations in the therapy of allergic diseases is discussed.

[Comparison of the action of the sera of pregnant women and of trophoblastic beta 1-glycoprotein in a number of immunological tests]. / Sopostavlenie deistviia syvorotki beremennykh zhenshchin i trofoblasticheskogo beta 1-glikoproteida v riade immunologicheskikh testov.

The effects of blood sera of pregnant women in the I, II and III trimesters (SPWI, SPWII, SPWIII) were compared with those of purified preparations of trophoblastic beta 1-glycoproteid (TBG) on phytohemagglutinin (PHA) induced proliferative response of lymphocytes of the intact donors and on the production of a factor inhibiting the migration of leucocytes (FIM-L). SPWI and purified TBG preparations in doses corresponding to its level in SPWI were shown to produce similar effects. With the increase of TBG concentration, however, the inhibiting effect of its preparations on the proliferation of lymphocytes increased much more intensively than that of SPWII and SPWIII containing the same dose of this protein. The stimulating effect of TBG on the production of FIM-L increased with the dose as well while SPWII and SPWIII did not exert any effect on the migration of leucocytes. A suggestion is put forward that SPWII and SPWIII contain factors modifying the effect of TBG.

[Placental proteins as regulators of immunological reactions in pregnancy]. / Plastsentarnye belki kak reguliatory immunologicheskikh reaktsii pri beremennosti.

The effect of two specific placental proteins, trophoblastic beta 1-glycoprotein (TBG) and chorionic alpha 1-microglobulin (CAG), on the immunological reactions was studied in vitro. TBG in physiological doses suppressed the proliferation of lymphocytes induced by plant mitogens and allogenic cells in the unidirectional mixed cultures, strengthened the effect of concanavalin A upon the induction of cells-suppressors in the culture and, in low concentrations, decreased the percentage of E- and EAC-rosette-forming cells. In none of the tests used CAG was effective. But when studying the effect of TBG and CAG mixture on PHA-induced proliferation of lymphocytes the inhibiting effect of TBG was weakened and, in some cases, completely relieved.

[Effect of fetoplacental factors on in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes and non-lymphoid cells]. / Vliianie fetoplatsentarnykh faktorov na proliferatsiiu in vitro limfotsitov i nelimfoidinykh kletok.

The effect of extracts of placenta, amniotic fluid, serum of pregnant women and newborn infants on PHA-stimulated proliferative activity of lymphocytes and proliferation of non-lymphoid cells (L-cells) was studied. The inhibiting effect decreased in the series: placenta -- amniotic fluid -- serum of pregnant women. The effect on L-cells was similar to that on lymphocytes. It is suggested that the biological samples under study contained factors having non-specific immunosuppressive effect.

[Methodologic features of the production of heterologous antisera to human T- and B-lymphocytes and evaluation of their specificity]. / Metodicheskie osobennosti polucheniia geterologichnykh antisyvorotok k T- i B-limfotsitam cheloveka i otsenka ikh spetsifichnosti.

Antisera to human B-lymphocytes were obtained by immunization of rabbits with lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood taken from healthy persons and patients having chronic lympholeukosis with B-cell proliferation. These antisera were subjected to adsorption on human erythrocytes, liver and thymocytes. The specificity of B-lymphocyte antiserum was evaluated in the E- and EAC-rosette-formation inhibition test and by the comparison of the number of lymphocytes revealed in the cytotoxic test with EAC-rosette-forming cells. Besides the above-mentioned tests, the specificity of rabbit antiserum to human thymocyte membranes was also determined in the test of inhibiting T-lymphocyte stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. The antisera thus obtained were specific, in definite dilutions, to human T- and B-lymphocytes.

[A comparative study of the functional activity of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in pregnant women with various forms of periodontal disease]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie funktsional'noi aktivnosti limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi beremennykh zhenshchin s raznymi formami zabolevaniia parodonta.

Immunoregulatory cell activities were examined in 40 pregnant women suffering from various periodontitis forms. The results evidence that excessive activation of T-lymphocytes and T-helpers may contribute to the pathogenesis of this condition. The data permit using T-lymphocyte functional activity assessment in the diagnosis and prediction of the course of periodontitis.

[Elimination of allogeneic inhibition of hematopoietic stem cells by treatment of the recipient mice with cyclophosphane]. / Otmena allogennoi ingibitsii stvolovykh krovetvornykh kletok putem obrabotki myshei-retsipientov tsiklofosfanom

The experiments demonstrated that pretreatment of lethally irradiated recipient (CBA X C57BL/6) F1hybrid mice with cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg of body weight) on day before the bone marrow transplantation (4 hours after the irradiation) suppressed the allogeneic inhibition of hematopoietic stem cells to 24% (while the inhibition in the untreated animals was 92.5%). It is suggested that cyclophosphamide acted on the recipient's radioresistant lymphoid cells effecting the allogeneic inhibition of stem cells.

[Importance of the time of bone marrow transplantation for demonstration of allogenic inhibition of sten cells]. / Znachenie vremeni transplantatsii kostnogo mozga dlia proiavleniia allogennoi ingibitsii stvolovykh kletok

The effect of the interval (4-96 hours) between the irradiation of hybrids (CBAXC57BL/6 F1 and the bone marrow transplantation from C57BL/6 mice on the manifestation of allogenic inhibition of the stem cells was studied; in the given donor-recipient model the degree of allogenic inhibition constituted 90%. The bone marrow transplantation 4 to 48 hours after the irradiation failed to influence the number of colonies in the spleen of hybrids F1, but when this transplantation was given 96 hours after the irradiation the colony-forming ability of parental hemopoietic cells regressed to 33%. Remote transplantation had no influence on the number of colonies in the spleen of syngenic recipients.

[Age-related changes in the immunoglobulins of human blood serum]. / Vozrastnye izmeneniia kontsentratsii immunoglobulinov v syvorotke krovi cheloveka.

It has been shown that the content of G and A immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA) in blood serum increases with human age. IgM quantity is maximum at child age and at old age (about 80 years old and elder), at the age of 15-20 it is minimum. Immunoglobulin concentration is higher in female's blood serum than in male's, particularly at middle and old ages. The role of X-chromosome in regulation of serum IgM concentration is being discussed.

[Effect of specific placental proteins--trophoblastic beta 1-glycoprotein chorionic alpha 1-microglobulin--on the proliferation of lymphocytes and malignant fibroblasts in vitro]. / Deistvie spetsificheskikh platsentarnykh belkov--trofoblasticheskogo beta 1-glikoproteida 1 khorionicheskogo al'fa 1-mikroglobulina--na profileratsiiu limfotsitov i zlokachestvennykh fibroblastov in vitro.

A study was made of the action of trophoblastic beta 1-glycoprotein (TBG) and chorionic alpha 1-microglobulin (CAG1) on proliferation of malignant fibroblasts (transplanted L line) and on phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes. TBG depressed proliferation of the stimulated lymphocytes and transformed fibroblasts (according to 3H-thymidine incorporation). A dose-response dependence was ascertained. CAG1 did not affect cell division. The inhibitory effect of TBG was seen to be reversed or decreased provided the lymphocyte culture was supplemented with CAG1. The decreased inhibitory effect of TBG in the presence of CAG1 was also noted in the L cell culture. It is likely that in vivo protection of intensely proliferating fetal tissues or tumor from the inhibitors is effected just in this way since placental proteins are synthesized both by embryonic and tumorous cells.

[Pregnancy-associated alpha 2-glycoproteins in the diagnosis of postpartum suppurative and septic diseases]. / Assotsirovannyi s beremennost'iu alpha 2-glikoprotein v diagnostike poslerodovykh gnoino-septicheskikh zabolevanii.

The levels of pregnancy-associated alpha 2-glycoprotein (alpha 2-GP) were measured in the blood sera of puerperants with physiologic postpartum and postoperative (after cesarean section) periods, and with those complicated with pyoseptic diseases. alpha 2-GP levels were changed in the blood sera of puerperants with postpartum infectious diseases. The authors discuss the possibility of predicting the postpartum complications with the use of alpha 2-GP measurements.