Networks of Limited-Valency Patchy Particles.

Equilibrium gels provide physically attractive counterparts of nonequilibrium gels, allowing statistical understanding and design of the equilibrium gel structure. Here, we assemble two-dimensional equilibrium gels from limited-valency "patchy" colloidal particles and follow their evolution at the particle scale to elucidate cluster-size distributions and free energies. By finely adjusting the patch attraction with critical Casimir forces, we let a mixture of two-valent and pseudo-three-valent patchy particles approach the percolated network state through a set of equilibrium states. Comparing this equilibrium route with a deep quench, we find that both routes approach the percolated state via the same equilibrium states, revealing that the network topology is uniquely set by the particle bond angles, independent of the formation history. The limited-valency system follows percolation theory remarkably well, approaching the percolation point with the expected universal exponents.

FEDM: a convolutional neural network based fertilised egg detection model.

1. The production of goose eggs holds significant economic value on a global scale and the quality of fertilised eggs is crucial for the successful hatching and sustained development of the poultry industry. Developing a low-cost fertilised egg identification system that is suitable for large-scale testing is of great significance. However, existing methods are expensive and have high environmental detection requirements, which limit their promotion.2. To address this issue, an improved object detection model called FEDM based on YOLOv5 is proposed, which has been shown to be outstanding among nine models. The main network of YOLOv5 is enhanced with the SENet attention mechanism to improve the feature selection capability. The C3_DCNv3 is introduced to enhance the detection ability of blood vessels in the fertilised eggs. The application of Dyhead significantly improved the representation capacity of the object detection head without any computational overhead. The loss function is replaced with MPDIoU to simplify the calculation process.3. Experimental results from the augmented dataset showed that the average precision of the FEDM reached 96.7%, which is a 5.5% improvement compared to the YOLOv5s model. FEDM exhibited better detection performance on eggs from different shooting angles than the YOLOv5 algorithm and achieves high detection speed.4. The FEDM secured significant advancement on the detection rate of the fourth day fertilised egg compared to the YOLOv5 algorithm. Based on this result, savings and space utilisation can be made, which has practical application value.

Observation of a many-body dynamical phase transition with a 53-qubit quantum simulator.

A quantum simulator is a type of quantum computer that controls the interactions between quantum bits (or qubits) in a way that can be mapped to certain quantum many-body problems. As it becomes possible to exert more control over larger numbers of qubits, such simulators will be able to tackle a wider range of problems, such as materials design and molecular modelling, with the ultimate limit being a universal quantum computer that can solve general classes of hard problems. Here we use a quantum simulator composed of up to 53 qubits to study non-equilibrium dynamics in the transverse-field Ising model with long-range interactions. We observe a dynamical phase transition after a sudden change of the Hamiltonian, in a regime in which conventional statistical mechanics does not apply. The qubits are represented by the spins of trapped ions, which can be prepared in various initial pure states. We apply a global long-range Ising interaction with controllable strength and range, and measure each individual qubit with an efficiency of nearly 99 per cent. Such high efficiency means that arbitrary many-body correlations between qubits can be measured in a single shot, enabling the dynamical phase transition to be probed directly and revealing computationally intractable features that rely on the long-range interactions and high connectivity between qubits.

Brusatol attenuated proliferation and invasion induced by KRAS in differentiated thyroid cancer through inhibiting Nrf2.

BACKGROUND: Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) can be developed from differentiated thyroid cancer, and this dedifferentiated transformation leads to poor prognosis and high mortality. The role of Nrf2 in the dedifferentiation of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) induced by KRAS remains unclear. METHODS AND MATERIALS: In this study, two DTC cell lines, BCPAP and WRO, were used to evaluate the function of Nrf2 in the dedifferentiation caused by wild-type KRAS (KRAS-WT) and G12V point mutation KRAS (KRAS-G12V). RESULTS: The overexpression of KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V increased the proliferative and invasive ability of BCPAP and WRO cells. Aggressive morphology was observed in KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V overexpressed WRO cells. These results suggested that overexpression of KRAS-WT or KRAS-G12V may induce dedifferentiation in DTC cells. The expression of Nrf2 was increased by KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V in DTC cells. In addition, compared with normal thyroid tissues, the expression of Nrf2 protein was considerably higher in thyroid cancer tissues on immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the increased expression of Nrf2 indicated a poor prognosis of thyroid cancer. These results indicated that Nrf2 is the KRAS downstream molecule in thyroid cancer. Functional studies showed that the Nrf2 inhibitor Brusatol counteracted the proliferative and invasive abilities induced by KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V in BCPAP and WRO cells. In addition, the xenograft assay further confirmed that Brusatol inhibits tumor growth induced by KRAS-WT and KRAS-G12V. CONCLUSION: Collectively, this study suggests that Nrf2 could be a promising therapeutic target in KRAS-mediated dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer.

[A phase I study of subcutaneous envafolimab (KN035) monotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of envafolimab monotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: This open-label, multicenter phase I trial included dose escalation and dose expansion phases. In the dose escalation phase, patients received subcutaneous 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg envafolimab once weekly (QW) following a modified "3+ 3" design. The dose expansion phase was performed in the 2.5 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg (QW) dose cohorts. Results: At November 25, 2019, a total of 287 patients received envafolimab treatment. During the dose escalation phase, no dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) was observed. In all dose cohorts, drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) for all grades occurred in 75.3% of patients, and grade 3 or 4 occurred in 20.6% of patients. The incidence of immune-related adverse reactions (irAE) was 24.0% for all grades, the most common irAEs (≥2%) included hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, immune-associated hepatitis and rash. The incidence of injection site reactions was low (3.8%), all of which were grades 1-2. Among the 216 efficacy evaluable patients, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 11.6% and 43.1%, respectively. Median duration of response was 49.1 weeks (95% CI: 24.0, 49.3). Pharmacokinetic (PK) exposure to envafolimab is proportional to dose and median time to maximum plasma concentration is 72-120 hours based on the PK results from the dose escalation phase of the study. Conclusion: Subcutaneous envafolimab has a favorable safety and promising preliminary anti-tumor activity in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors.

Anterolateral thigh perforator flap made by customized 3D-printing fabrication of fixed positioning guide for oromaxillofacial reconstruction: a preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: Oromaxillofacial carcinomas frequently result in serious tissue defect due to enlarged resection for treating their extensive invasion, which require challenging reconstruction. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced technology which has greatly promoted the progress of craniomaxillofacial reconstructive surgery. This present study aimed to investigate the advantages of anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flap manufactured by 3D printing fixed positioning guide template in curing oromaxillofacial defect. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty patients with oromaxillofacial defects resulted from severe primary malignant tumors were divided into experimental group assisted by digital technique (n=8) and controlled group conventionally aided by ultrasound (n=12). The therapeutic effectiveness, flap preparation time, amount of bleeding, deviation of perforator vessel location, aesthetic satisfaction of donor site, postoperative complications, adverse symptom of flap, and LEFS scores were compared. RESULTS: For experimental group, flap preparation time was significantly shorter; and it has obviously less bleeding, minor deviation of perforator vessel location, and better aesthetic satisfaction of donor site (P<.001). There was no statistical difference in postoperative complications and LEFS scores between two groups (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests 3D printing template of fixed positioning guide provides a brand-new method for orienting perforated vessels of ALT flap, which is more accurate in clinical application. It can improve the operative efficacy, and increase the successful rate of operation as well.

[Primary adrenal NK/T cell lymphoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of six cases].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathologic features of primary adrenal NK/T cell lymphoma (PANKL). Methods: Six cases of PANKL were collected at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2000 to December 2021. The clinicopathologic features including morphology, immunophenotype, treatment and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed. Results: There were two males and four females. The median age was 63 years (ranged from 57 to 68 years). The tumors involved bilateral adrenal glands in 4 cases and unilateral adrenal gland in 2 cases. The main clinical symptom was low back pain without obvious cause. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is elevated in five cases. The imaging feature was rapidly enlarging mass initially confined to unilateral/bilateral adrenal glands. Morphologically, the lymphoid cells were mainly medium-sized with a diffuse growth pattern. Coagulative necrosis and nuclear fragmentation were common. Angioinvasion was seen. Immunophenotypically, the neoplastic cells were positive for CD3, CD56 and TIA-1 while CD5 was negative in 5 cases. All cases were positive for EBER by in situ hybridization with more than 80% proliferative activity by Ki-67. Four cases received chemotherapy, one case underwent surgery, and one case underwent surgery with chemotherapy. Follow-up was done in 5 cases; one case was lost to follow-up. Three patients died with a median survival of 11.6 months (3-42 months). Conclusions: PANKL is rare with highly aggressive clinical presentation and poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis entails correlation of histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, EBER in situ hybridization and clinical history.

Exogenous melatonin prevents type 1 diabetes mellitus-induced bone loss, probably by inhibiting senescence.

Exogenous melatonin inhibited the senescence of preosteoblast cells in type 1 diabetic (T1D) mice and those cultured in high glucose (HG) by multiple regulations. Exogenous melatonin had a protective effect on diabetic osteoporosis, which may depend on the inhibition of senescence. INTRODUCTION: Senescence is thought to play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic bone loss. Increasing evidence has shown that melatonin exerts anti-senescence effects. In this study, we investigated whether melatonin can inhibit senescence and prevent diabetic bone loss. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 160 mg/kg streptozotocin, followed by the oral administration of melatonin or vehicle for 2 months. Then, tissues were harvested and subsequently examined. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured under HG conditions for 7 days and then treated with melatonin or not for 24 h. Sirt1-specific siRNAs and MT1- or MT2-specific shRNA plasmids were transfected into MC3T3-E1 cells for mechanistic study. RESULTS: The total protein extracted from mouse femurs revealed that melatonin prevented senescence in T1D mice. The micro-CT results indicated that melatonin prevented bone loss in T1D mice. Cellular experiments indicated that melatonin administration prevented HG-induced senescence, whereas knockdown of the melatonin receptors MT1 or MT2 abolished these effects. Sirt1 expression was upregulated by melatonin administration but significantly reduced after MT1 or MT2 was knocked down. Knockdown of Sirt1 blocked the anti-senescence effects of melatonin. Additionally, melatonin promoted the expression of CDK2, CDK4, and CyclinD1, while knockdown of MT1 or MT2 abolished these effects. Furthermore, melatonin increased the expression of the polycomb repressive complex (PRC), but knockdown of MT1 or MT2 abolished these effects. Furthermore, melatonin increased the protein levels of Sirt1, PRC1/2 complex-, and cell cycle-related proteins. CONCLUSION: This work shows that melatonin protects against T1D-induced bone loss, probably by inhibiting senescence. Targeting senescence in the investigation of diabetic osteoporosis may lead to novel discoveries.

Superconductivity in a unique type of copper oxide.

The mechanism of superconductivity in cuprates remains one of the big challenges of condensed matter physics. High-T c cuprates crystallize into a layered perovskite structure featuring copper oxygen octahedral coordination. Due to the Jahn Teller effect in combination with the strong static Coulomb interaction, the octahedra in high-T c cuprates are elongated along the c axis, leading to a 3dx 2-y 2 orbital at the top of the band structure wherein the doped holes reside. This scenario gives rise to 2D characteristics in high-T c cuprates that favor d-wave pairing symmetry. Here, we report superconductivity in a cuprate Ba2CuO4-y , wherein the local octahedron is in a very exceptional compressed version. The Ba2CuO4-y compound was synthesized at high pressure at high temperatures and shows bulk superconductivity with critical temperature (T c ) above 70 K at ambient conditions. This superconducting transition temperature is more than 30 K higher than the T c for the isostructural counterparts based on classical La2CuO4 X-ray absorption measurements indicate the heavily doped nature of the Ba2CuO4-y superconductor. In compressed octahedron, the 3d3z 2-r 2 orbital will be lifted above the 3dx 2-y 2 orbital, leading to significant 3D nature in addition to the conventional 3dx 2-y 2 orbital. This work sheds important light on advancing our comprehensive understanding of the superconducting mechanism of high T c in cuprate materials.

[Identification and analysis of 2 Corynebacterium diphtheria strains in Guangdong Province].

Objective: To identify and analyze two strains of C. diphtheriae in Guangdong Province by combining whole genome sequencing with traditional detection methods. Methods: The C. diphtheriae was isolated from Guangzhou in 2010 and Zhuhai in 2020 respectively. Isolates were identified by API Coryne strips and MALDI-TOF-MS. Genomic DNA was sequenced by using Illumina. The assembly was performed for each strain using CLC software. J Species WS online tool was used for average nucleoside homology identification, then narKGHIJ and tox gene were detected by NCBI online analysis tool BLSATN. MEGA-X was used to build a wgSNP phylogenetic tree. Results: GD-Guangzhou-2010 was Belfanti and GD-Zuhai-2020 was Gravis. ANIb between GD-Guangzhou-2010 and C. belfantii was 99.61%. ANI between GD-Zhuhai-2020 and C. diphtheriae was 97.64%. BLASTN results showed that the nitrate reduction gene narKGHIJ and tox gene of GD-Guangzhou-2010 was negative, while GD-Zhuhai-2020 nitrate reduction gene narKGHIJ was positive. There were two obvious clades in wgSNP phylogenetic tree. The first clades included all Mitis and Gravis types strains as well as GD-Zhuhai-2020. The second clades contained all isolates of C.belfantii, C.diphtheriae subsp. lausannense and GD-guangzhou-2010. Conclusion: Two non-toxic C. diphtheriae strains are successfully isolated and identified. The phylogenetic tree suggests that GD-Guangzhou-2010 and GD-Zhuhai-2020 are located in two different evolutionary branches.

CARBONATED BEVERAGES AFFECT LEVELS OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR AND TESTOSTERONE SECRETION IN MICE.

Objectives: This work aimed to study the influences of carbonated beverages (CBs) on the testis growth and the expression levels of androgen receptor (AR) of mice. Methods: Two experimental groups of 30 mice each PEP-1 and PEP-2 drank 50% and 100% Pepsi-Cola, respectively for 15 days. Other 2 experimental groups of 30 mice each COC-1 and COC-2 drank 50% and 100% Coca-Cola, respectively for 15 days. The control group (CG) of 30 mice drank water. Bilateral testes were harvested aseptically on days 0, 5, 7, 10, 13 and 15. Real-time PCR and Western blot were implemented to detect levels of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA and protein in testis tissues. Results: Testes masses of PEP-2, COC-1 and COC-2 were greater than those of PEP-1 and CG (P < 0.05). On day 15, testis longitudinal diameter (TLD) of CBs-treated mice was increased as compared to CG. TLD, testes transverse diameters (TTD) and AR proteins levels of PEP-2 and COC-2 were increased in comparison with CG (P<0.05). Serum testosterone concentrations of PEP-2 were higher than that of COC-1 and CG (P < 0.05). Levels of AR mRNAs of four CBs-treated mice were increased by 60.18%, 67.26%, 65.93% and 78.76%. Conclusions: A high concentration of Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola could raise TLD and TDD, enhance testosterone secretion, and increase serum EGF concentrations.

Urinary biomarkers of early renal injury in antiretroviral-naïve HIV-positive persons in Shanghai, China: comparison with the general population.

OBJECTIVES: People living with HIV (PLWH) have a high risk of kidney injury. Measurement of serum creatinine, along with proteinuria, is not sensitive to detect early kidney injury. Here, we investigated novel urinary biomarkers of early renal injury in PLWH. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of 166 antiretroviral-naïve PLWH and 99 HIV-negative persons who all had an estimated glomerular filtration rate > 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 . We compared the levels of seven urinary biomarkers between the two groups using the propensity score matching (PSM) approach and explored the risk factors associated with elevated urinary biomarkers in PLWH. RESULTS: Eighty-three pairs were successfully matched based on PSM. Compared with the HIV-negative group, the HIV-positive group had higher ratios of N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) to urine creatinine (UCr), alpha1-microglobulin (α1-M) to UCr, kidney injury marker-1 (KIM-1) to UCr, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin to UCr, and epidermal growth factor to UCr, whereas the Tamm-Horsfall protein to UCr ratio and the abnormal albumin to UCr ratio were not significantly different. Positive correlations were observed between HIV RNA level and NAG: UCr (rs  = 0.32; P < 0.001) and α1-M:UCr (rs  = 0.24; P = 0.002) ratios, and negative correlations were observed between CD4 cell count and NAG:UCr (rs  = -0.34; P < 0.001), KIM-1:UCr (rs  = -0.16; P = 0.042) and α1-M:UCr (rs  = -0.36; P < 0.001) ratios. In multivariate linear regression analyses, older age, lower total cholesterol and higher HIV RNA were independently associated with higher NAG:UCr; older age, lower total cholesterol and lower CD4 cell count were independently associated with higher α1-M:UCr. CONCLUSIONS: In comparioson with HIV-negative participants, PLWH were more likely to have tubular injury. Early antiretroviral treatment might mitigate the development of kidney injury.

Osteoporosis is accompanied by reduced CD274 expression in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Underlying pathomechanisms of osteoporosis are still not fully elucidated. Cell-based therapy approaches pose new possibilities to treat osteoporosis and its complications. The aim of this study was to quantify differences in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) between healthy donors and those suffering from clinically manifest osteoporosis. Cell samples of seven donors for each group were selected retrospectively from the hBMSC cell bank of the Trauma Department of Hannover Medical School. Cells were evaluated for their adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential, for their proliferation potential and expression of surface antigens. Furthermore, a RT2 Osteoporosis Profiler PCR array, as well as quantitative real-time PCR were carried out to evaluate changes in gene expression. Cultivated hBMSCs from osteoporotic donors showed significantly lower cell surface expression of CD274 (4.98 % ± 2.38 %) than those from the control group (26.03 % ± 13.39 %; p = 0.007), as assessed by flow cytometry. In osteoporotic patients, genes involved in inhibition of the anabolic WNT signalling pathway and those associated with stimulation of bone resorption were significantly upregulated. Apart from these changes, no significant differences were found for the other cell surface antigens, adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation ability as well as proliferation potential. These findings supported the theory of an influence of CD274 on the regulation of bone metabolism. CD274 might be a promising target for further investigations of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and of cell-based therapies involving MSCs.

[Extranodal nasal type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma of the digestive system: a clinicopathological study of thirteen cases].

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, and diagnostic and differential diagnostic characteristics of extranodal nasal type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) of the digestive system. Methods: Thirteen cases of ENKTCL in the digestive system were collected at the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, from August 2000 to August 2020. The histopathological, immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization features were analyzed, as well as those of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangement in some cases. The patients were followed up. Results: There were 11 males and 2 females. The age ranged from 28 to 80 years (median=53 years). Seven cases were present in the colorectum, and 3 cases were present in the small intestine. The other three cases were in stomach, gallbladder and liver (one case each). The main clinical symptoms were fever, and abdominal pain, often accompanied by fatigue, diarrhea, hematochezia, elevated serum albumin, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and increased peripheral blood EB virus DNA copy. Histologically, the tumor accompanied by a heavy admixture of inflammatory cells (small lymphocytes, plasma cells and histiocytes). There was diffuse dense tumor cell infiltrate, with prominent coagulative necrosis. The lymphomatous infiltrate had angiocentric and angio-necrotic changes. Immunohistochemically, lymphoid cells expressed CD3 in all cases. Some of them showed weakened/absent other T cell markers, while all of them expressed CD56 except 1 case. A few of the cases showed CD4-/CD8+ killer T cell phenotypes. In situ hybridization showed EB virus encoded RNA (EBER) was positive in all cases. Clonal TCR gene rearrangement was not detected in all 7 cases tested. The median survival time was 9 months. Conclusions: ENKTCL of the digestive system is extremely rare. It often predisposes the patients to acute abdomen such as perforation of the gastrointestinal tract. The treatment outcomes are dismal, and the prognosis is poor. Clinical and imaging studies are often non-specific. It is also easy to be misdiagnosed as non-specific ulcers. Combined with immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and TCR gene rearrangement analysis and better understanding of this tumor's clinicopathological characteristics can help improve its diagnosis and early treatment.

[Advances in the role of extracellular histones in the inflammatory process of liver injury].

Histones are important structural proteins of chromatin in the nucleus, which can regulate gene transcription, and can be released from the nucleus to the outside of the cell under injury and inflammatory stimulations, thereby causing cytotoxicity and immune stimulation, and aggravating tissue damage. Extracellular histones are involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases, including sepsis, autoimmune diseases, liver injury, and acute lung injury. Therefore, its application not only can be used as a body's biomarker of inflammation, but also it is expected to become a molecular target for the treatment of diseases. This article reviews the role of extracellular histones in the inflammatory process of liver injury.

[Rivaroxaban with aspirin for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in Chinese patients with stable cardiovascular diseases: subgroup analysis of COMPASS].

Objective: This analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of rivaroxaban-aspirin combination therapy in secondary prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events in Chinese patients enrolled in the COMPASS trial. Methods: COMPASS was a prospective, international multi-center and randomized controlled trial. From September 2014 to February 2017, 1 086 patients with stable coronary artery disease and peripheral artery diseases were recruited from 31 centers in China. Patients were randomly assigned to separately receive the therapy of rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice a day) plus aspirin (100 mg once a day,) group (n=366), rivaroxaban (5 mg twice a day) alone group (n=365), and aspirin (100 mg once a day) alone group (n=355). Baseline information such as age, sex, etc. of all three groups was collected. Finally, 1 081 patients were followed up successfully, with the follow-up rate 99.5% and the average follow-up time was 19 months. The primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. The primary safety endpoint was major bleeding evaluated by modified International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis criteria. Results: Age of patients was (64.2±8.3) years and there were 293 male in rivaroxaban plus aspirin group. Age of patients was (63.8±9.0) years, and there were 301 male patients in rivaroxaban alone group. Age of patients was (63.6±8.8) years, and there were 282 male patients in the aspirin alone group. The incidences of primary efficacy endpoint occurred in 9 cases (1.5%) in rivaroxaban with aspirin group, 21 cases (3.7%) in rivaroxaban alone group and 14 cases (2.5%) in aspirin alone group. Meanwhile, the incidences of primary safety endpoint occurred in 6 cases (1.0%) in rivaroxaban with aspirin group, 9 cases (1.6%) in rivaroxaban alone group and 7 cases (1.2%) in aspirin alone group. The net clinical benefit events were 10 cases (1.7%) in rivaroxaban with aspirin group, 22 cases (3.9%) in rivaroxaban alone group and 15 cases (2.7%) in aspirin alone group (P>0.5%). Conclusions: The combination of rivaroxaban with aspirin can be safe and effectively used for the secondary prevention in Chinese patients with stable coronary artery disease and peripheral artery diseases.

[A case of diabetic foot treated with fibula transversal bone transfer and micro-vascular network regeneration].

Reports a case of diabetic foot patient with right toe pain, ulceration for 4 years and aggravation for 1 month. After rigorous medical treatment and related examinations, transeversal bone transfer of tibia was proposed. However, the skin condition on the inner side of the lower leg was not good before the operation, so the transversal bone removal of the fibula was performed. Two segments of the lateral fibula were osteotomized with miniature osteotomies. The two osteotomy lines were about 10 cm apart. The distal osteotomy line is about 10 cm from the tip of the lateral malleolus. On the 8th day after the surgery, the bone was moved every 6 hours and was extended inwards by 1 mm every day. After 14 days, the bone was moved back for another 14 days. Skin temperature from preoperative to postoperative, ankle brachial index, CT angiography, CT value, visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain and wound healing were evaluated by comparison. The wound was completely healed 28 days after the operation.

Creation of Electron-Positron Pairs in Photon-Photon Collisions Driven by 10-PW Laser Pulses.

A novel approach is proposed to demonstrate the two-photon Breit-Wheeler process by using collimated and wide-bandwidth γ-ray pulses driven by 10-PW lasers. Theoretical calculations suggest that more than 3.2×10^{8} electron-positron pairs with a divergence angle of 7° can be created per shot, and the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 10^{3}. The positron signal, which is roughly 100 times higher than the detection limit, can be measured by using the existing spectrometers. This approach, which could demonstrate the e^{-}e^{+} pair creation process from two photons, would provide important tests for two-photon physics and other fundamental physical theories.

EDACO, a derivative of myricetin, inhibits the differentiation of Gaoyou duck embryonic osteoclasts in vitro.

1. This study determined the effects of (E)-3-(2-(4-(3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acryloyl)phenoxy)ethoxy)-5,7-dimethoxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (EDACO) on the differentiation of Gaoyou duck embryonic osteoclasts cultured in vitro. 2. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) were collected from 23-d-old Gaoyou duck embryos and induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand in the presence of EDACO at different concentrations (i.e. 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µM). Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and resorption ability determination were conducted. 3. Results suggested that EDACO suppressed the shaping of positive multinucleated cells and the number of TRAP-positive cells in the 20, 40, 80 and 160 µM EDACO groups was significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Besides, the absorption activity of differentiated duck embryonic osteoclasts was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in both 80 and 160 µM EDACO groups. 4. Overall, EDACO can inhibit the differentiation of BM-MNC into mature osteoclasts in duck embryos.1.

[Rush poppers use and risks of human papillomavirus infection among men who have sex with men in Urumqi: mediation effect through high-risk sexual behaviors].

Objective: To study the prevalence of rush poppers use among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Urumqi and to analyze the mediating effect of high-risk sexual behavior between the use of rush poppers and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Methods: From January to June 2018, 651 MSM were recruited through network and publicity. Data was collected by using online questionnaire and anal swab were collected from them for HPV genotyping. According to Baron and Kenny's criterion, multivariate logistic regression models was used to analyze the mediation effect of high-risks sexual behaviors (multiple sexual partners, anal intercourse condom use) between rush poppers use and HPV infection. Results: A total of 651 subjects were (32.0±8.0) years old, and 174 subjects (26.7%) had ever used rush poppers in the past 6 months, while 350 subjects (46.9%) had more than 2 sexual partners and 188 subjects (28.9%) did not use anal condom. After adjusting age and marital status, rush poppers use was associated with HPV infection (OR (95%CI) was 2.34 (1.63-3.36), P<0.05), and sexual partners in the past 6 months (OR (95%CI) was 2.72 (1.89-3.93), P<0.05).After adjustment for age, marital status, sexual partners in the past 6 months, and anal condom use, rush poppers use was still associated with HPV infection (OR (95%CI) was 2.21 (1.53-3.19), P<0.05).After adjustment and adjustment of age, marital status, rush poppers use and anal sex condom use, the number of sexual partners at nearly 6 months was still associated with HPV infection (OR (95%CI) was 1.46 (1.05-2.04), P<0.05). Conclusion: Sexual partners in the past 6 months have a mediation effect between rush poppers use and HPV infection in Urumqi. For the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, we should focus on rush poppers use.