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1.
Science ; 267(5202): 1320-3, 1995 Mar 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7871431

RESUMEN

The W. M. Keck telescope was used to observe the impact of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) fragment R at a wavelength of 2.3 micrometers on 21 July 1994. The data showed three outbursts. The first flash lasted about 40 seconds and was followed 1 minute after its peak by a second flash that lasted about 3 minutes. A third, longer lasting flare began 6 minutes after the first flash and lasted for 10 minutes. At its maximum brightness, the flare outshone Jupiter. The two short flashes are probably associated with the initial meteor trail and the subsequent fireball, respectively. The bright flare occurred when the impact site rotated into view. These data show that the explosion ejected material at least 1300 kilometers above the visible cloud tops. The luminosity of the impact site during the long bright flare was probably maintained by the release of gravitational potential energy, as this material fell back onto the lower atmosphere.


Asunto(s)
Medio Ambiente Extraterrestre , Júpiter , Sistema Solar , Atmósfera
2.
Artículo en Inglés, Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28102995

RESUMEN

In 2007, Health Promotion Ontario (HPO) began working to advance the "profession" of health promotion (HP) in Canada through development of national competencies for health promoters. Their work was continued by the Pan-Canadian Network for Health Promoter Competencies ("the Network"). Funded by the Public Health Agency of Canada, the Network aimed to address (1) the recommendation made by the Canadian Joint Task Group on Public Health Human Resources for function specific competencies (including "HP Specialists"); and (2) the marginalization health promoters face in practice. The current health promoter competencies were released in November 2015, following a series of literature reviews and practitioner consultations.


INTRODUCTION: En 2007, Health Promotion Ontario (HPO) a entrepris de faire progresser la « profession ¼ de praticien en promotion de la santé (PS) au Canada en établissant des compétences nationales à l'intention des promoteurs de la santé. Ce travail a été poursuivi par le Réseau pancanadien pour les compétences des promoteurs de la santé (« le Réseau ¼). Avec le financement de l'Agence de la santé publique du Canada, le Réseau a eu pour mandat, premièrement, de donner suite à la recommandation formulée par le Groupe de travail conjoint sur les ressources humaines en santé publique à propos des compétences spécifiques (notamment pour les « spécialistes de la promotion de la santé ¼) et, deuxièmement, de lutter contre la marginalisation que subissent les promoteurs de la santé dans l'exercice de leurs fonctions. Les compétences des promoteurs de la santé en vigueur actuellement ont été publiées en novembre 2015 à la suite d'une série de revues de la littérature et de consultations auprès de praticiens.


Asunto(s)
Promoción de la Salud , Humanos , Ontario
3.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 592(2): 277-84, 1980 Sep 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7407092

RESUMEN

Emission spectra and transient behavior of fluorescence in Porphyridium cruentum have been studied in search of the pathway of excitation energy from the phycobilisome to Photosystem I (PS I) of photosynthesis. For activating light at 436 nm, absorbed almost entirely by chlorophyll, fluorescence is dominated by the 718 nm band generally attributed to chlorophyll of PS I. Activating light at 550 nm, absorbed mostly by the phycobilisome, gives rise to the distinctive fluorescence band of PS II chlorophyll at 696 nm but also gives a large component at 718 nm. Analysis depends critically upon the source of emission at 718 nm under 550 nm activation: does it arise from PS I or PS IIC0 Ley and Butler (Ley, A.C. and Butler, W.L. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 73, 3956-3960) have proposed that the 718 nm arises mostly from PS I, to which it is transferred by spillover from PS II. We suggest a different proposition: that under 550 nm activation most of the 718 emission arises from PS II. Analysis shows that this proposition provides an alternative explanation. Using the small change in fluorescence yield observed under 436 nm activation as a monitor of excitation in PS I, we provide evidence that under 550 activation most of the 718 nm fluorescence arises from PS II.


Asunto(s)
Rhodophyta/metabolismo , Oscuridad , Fluorescencia , Congelación , Ficobilisomas
4.
Science ; 350(6256): 64-7, 2015 Oct 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26272904

RESUMEN

Directly detecting thermal emission from young extrasolar planets allows measurement of their atmospheric compositions and luminosities, which are influenced by their formation mechanisms. Using the Gemini Planet Imager, we discovered a planet orbiting the ~20-million-year-old star 51 Eridani at a projected separation of 13 astronomical units. Near-infrared observations show a spectrum with strong methane and water-vapor absorption. Modeling of the spectra and photometry yields a luminosity (normalized by the luminosity of the Sun) of 1.6 to 4.0 × 10(-6) and an effective temperature of 600 to 750 kelvin. For this age and luminosity, "hot-start" formation models indicate a mass twice that of Jupiter. This planet also has a sufficiently low luminosity to be consistent with the "cold-start" core-accretion process that may have formed Jupiter.

5.
Arch Neurol ; 41(7): 762-4, 1984 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6743068

RESUMEN

A computerized headache interview was completed by 255 children, adolescents, and adults. Children did not differ from adults in the frequency of auras or prodromes. Young children were more likely than older patients to have brief headaches and headaches that tended to occur on weekdays, and to feel "great" after a headache. They were less likely than older patients to acknowledge multiple kinds of headaches, headaches located on one side of the head or posteriorly, and such concomitant occurrences as blurring, photophobia, irritability, frustration-anger, light-headedness, trouble with concentration, numbness-tingling, and lack of appetite. We do not know how much these differences can be attributed to age-related differences in language, physiology, or medical care selection factors.


Asunto(s)
Cefalea/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Niño , Computadores , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino
6.
Soc Sci Med ; 43(1): 13-21, 1996 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8816006

RESUMEN

Among the Bedouins of the Negev desert, Israel, there are Dervish healers specializing in what are now called psychiatric disorders. Five Dervish (three male, two female) were interviewed and observed with reference to concepts of etiology, symptom classification, diagnosis, stages of treatment, and aftercare. The conclusion examines reasons why Bedouins might want to seek treatment from a Dervish, rather than a modern health care practitioner.


Asunto(s)
Árabes/psicología , Islamismo , Medicina Tradicional , Trastornos Mentales/etnología , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Religión y Medicina , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Israel , Masculino , Trastornos Mentales/clasificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aceptación de la Atención de Salud/etnología , Muestreo
7.
Addict Behav ; 10(1): 55-67, 1985.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4003137

RESUMEN

To assess the utility of the MacAndrew Scale (MAC) of the MMPI as a screening device for problem drinking and drug use with adolescents, 403 ninth- through twelfth-graders were administered the MAC, a sociodemographic questionnaire, an alcohol/drug frequency questionnaire, the Adolescent Alcohol Involvement Scale, and the Adolescent Drug Involvement Scale. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed the MAC to be the best single predictor (compared to sociodemographic variables) of alcohol/drug use for both males and females. MAC cutoff scores for differentiation between alcohol/drug abusers and nonabusers were obtained that were more efficient than base rate prediction. The results are discussed as supportive of the MAC's concurrent validity and of Jessor and Jessor's "problem behavior theory." Finally, implications for practice (e.g., early intervention and prevention) and future research are considered.


Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo/diagnóstico , MMPI , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Conducta del Adolescente , Alcoholismo/psicología , Reacciones Falso Negativas , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Análisis de Regresión , Factores Sexuales , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología
8.
Psychol Assess ; 12(2): 158-65, 2000 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10887761

RESUMEN

The current study examined the effects of validity-scale coaching on one's ability to feign general psychopathology. College students were coached on malingering strategies and completed the MMPI-2. Their responses were compared with students asked to malinger psychopathology without validity-scale coaching and with psychiatric inpatients completing the MMPI-2 under standard instructions. In accordance with previous research (e.g., J. R. Graham, D. Watts, & R. E. Timbrook, 1991), uncoached malingerers were adequately discriminated from patients by using the Infrequency (F) scale. However, as suggested by previous research (R. Rogers, R. M. Bagby, & D. Chakraborty, 1993), the F scale was not as effective at classifying coached malingerers. It was found that other validity indicators, such as the Infrequency Psychopathology Scale were more accurate at discriminating between coached malingerers and hospitalized patients.


Asunto(s)
MMPI , Simulación de Enfermedad/diagnóstico , Trastornos Mentales/diagnóstico , Práctica Psicológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Pacientes Internos , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Psicometría , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados
9.
Int J Soc Psychiatry ; 47(3): 42-54, 2001.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11589335

RESUMEN

A sample of 148 (87 Jordanian [61 male, 26 female] and 61 Israeli [26 male, 35 female]) was selected from a psychiatric clinic in Ashdod Israel and Zarka Jordan, using convenience sampling methodology over a 12 month period in late 1997 and early 1998. A revised Hopkins Symptom Checklist: A Self-Report Symptom Inventory (HSCL) was translated into Arabic and Hebrew and distributed to subjects; additional questions explored demographic characteristics, forms of received treatment, patient perceptions of treatment efficacy, patient use of traditional healers, and patient explanation of etiology. Data revealed that there were differences in dimensions between the 2 groups based on nationality and gender. More Jordanians than Israelis expected medications as the main treatment, and unlike Israelis, no Jordanian patients received individual psychotherapy. Israelis expected medications, advice, directions, and instructions from psychiatrists. Both ethnic groups consulted a wide array of traditional healers, although precise types of healers varied according to gender and ethnicity. Israeli subjects gave more diverse explanations of mental health etiologies: physical, family, divorce, economic, unemployment; whereas Jordanians tended to emphasize divine and spiritual sources. Implications for psychiatric practice are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria , Características Culturales , Etnicidad/psicología , Trastornos Mentales/psicología , Servicios de Salud Mental , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Islamismo , Israel/etnología , Jordania/etnología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Marruecos , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Religión , Autoevaluación (Psicología)
10.
Am J Psychother ; 37(3): 400-10, 1983 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6625024

RESUMEN

The outcome of eclectic psychotherapy in a private psychological practice was examined in 69 clients. Target symptoms, life-adjustment ratings, social-adjustment ratings, and therapy expectancy were obtained before and after four months of psychotherapy from clients, therapists, and independent clinical raters. Results indicated that significant change had occurred after four months of psychotherapy for 6 of 10 categories of target complaints, in 9 of 11 areas of life adjustment and in 14 of 22 areas of social adjustment. Overall, 70 percent of clients showed improvement in their symptoms; 14 percent were unchanged and 17 percent deteriorated. The major value of the study is an exploration of psychotherapy outcome under naturalistic conditions in a growing but rarely studied treatment setting.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de Salud , Psicoterapia , Adulto , Depresión/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Práctica Privada , Psicoterapia/métodos , Ajuste Social
11.
Child Welfare ; 78(2): 283-96, 1999.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10418118

RESUMEN

Blood vengeance is a culturally specific phenomenon that can place Bedouin-Arab children at high risk of neglect. This case study examines the psychological and social implications of vengeance on children, the children's coping strategies, and the role of social work. The social work function includes nonauthoritarianism, strategies for forming a positive helping alliance, and various forms of culturally sensitive assessment and intervention. The study therefore yields insight into bridging the emic-etic gap in conceptualizing and responding to child neglect in a non-Western society.


Asunto(s)
Árabes/psicología , Maltrato a los Niños/prevención & control , Maltrato a los Niños/psicología , Cultura , Homicidio/psicología , Relaciones Interpersonales , Servicio Social , Adaptación Psicológica , Adolescente , Niño , Servicios de Salud del Niño/provisión & distribución , Protección a la Infancia , Preescolar , Humanos , Israel
16.
19.
J Consult Clin Psychol ; 46(2): 344, 1978 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-649812
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