Health Care at the End of Life: Experience of Nurses at the Adult Intensive Care Unit.

The objective of this study was to determine the experience of the nurses who provide health care in the final stages of life in the intensive care unit for adults. The authors report the results of their study, which used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Eighteen adults participated by being interviewed using semistructured questions. The nurses expressed that health care at the end of life represents an emotional and psychological burden for them. They also recognized that health care was given based on the empiricism achieved through clinical experience. In this regard, they emphasize the importance of having the proper education in this area to provide comprehensive care to the patient, the family, and the nurse.

Analysis of Delirium From the Dynamic Symptoms Model: A Literature Review.

Delirium is a manifestation of brain injury or acute and generalized dysfunction of the upper cerebral cortical processes. In this way, it is important to analyze delirium more broadly as a symptom to understand and intervene taking into account that it is manifesting the presence of brain lesions whose consequences are deleterious to the neurological performance of patients. This article is intended to present a comprehensive approach of delirium analyzed from a symptom perspective and from theoretical and conceptual structure, such as the Dynamic Symptoms Model, specific to the nursing practice. A literature review related to delirium and components of Dynamic Symptoms Model was carried out. We searched the MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Scopus databases using the terms Delirium, Intensive Care Units, Nursing, and Risk Factor. The existing literature provides evidence of the antecedents, experience, interventions, interactions, and consequences of delirium, which are components of the Model. Thus, the analysis from the Dynamic Symptoms Model perspective bears relevance and contributes to the understanding and approach of delirium.

The experience of the nurse caring for families of patients at the end of life in the intensive care unit.

The patient who enters at the intensive care unit (ICU) usually does because of health conditions that are sometimes irreversible and lead to death, and the care at the end of life becomes the main factor of this situation; therefore, the aim of this article was to understand the meaning of the experience of giving care to families at the end of life in an ICU. For this reason, a qualitative, hermeneutic phenomenological research was carried out. For the data collection, a semi-structured interview was conducted to 18 participants, and the results were returned to each of the participants in order to validate each of the categories and interpretations. Among these results, two main categories were identified: emotional response of the nurse to the family and nursing care to the family of patients at the end of life. It was concluded that the nurses working at the ICU are facing aspects related to the end of life that generates emotional and psychological burden; additionally, they do not have specific training in this subject, especially in relation to the care of the families in this situation, for which they provide this care based on empiricism.

Dynamic delirium - Nursing intervention to reduce delirium in patients critically Ill, a randomized control trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a nursing intervention based on the Dynamic Symptom Model (DSM) and scientific evidence versus daily care in reducing the incidence and duration of delirium in intensive care patients. METHOD: We designed the intervention named "DyDel" (By Dynamic Delirium) based on the theoretical approach of the DSM and from scientific evidence. A double-masked clinical trial of parallel groups was developed to test DyDel, with 213 patients older than 18 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) randomized to the study groups. The intervention group received DyDel each shift from day 0 until discharged from the ICU, while the control group received daily care in the ICU. At the same time, all participants were followed to measure primary (incidence and duration of delirium) and secondary outcomes (level of sedation and pain, days of mechanical ventilation, stay in ICU, and physical restriction). RESULTS: Overall, the study population were older than 60 years (60.3 ± 15.2 years), the male gender (59.6 %), and the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (73.7 %) were predominant. Comparing groups of study, the incidence of delirium was lower in the intervention group (5.6 %) than in the control group (14.8 %) (p = 0.037). The intervention group had lower days with delirium (0.07 ± 0.308) than the control group (0.34 ± 1.28) (p = 0.016), lower pain intensity (p = 0.002) and lower days of physical restraints (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION: Non-pharmacological care, like the DyDel intervention, includes the family and focuses on the different patient's needs, which can help to reduce the incidence and duration of delirium in patients admitted to adult ICUs. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: DyDel was non-pharmacological and included the family. The DyDel's activities were focused on physiological, psychological, spiritual, and social needs and the experience and trajectory of delirium. The nurse can give humanized care in the ICU by applying DyDel.

Effectiveness of nursing intervention to reduce delirium in adult critically ill - A protocol for a randomized trial.

The incidence of delirium in intensive care patients remains high, and its consequences have a high negative impact on patients, their families, health care teams, and society in general. Because delirium can lead to increased hospital stay, increased days on mechanical ventilation, increased risk of adverse events, increased memory loss and even increased mortality. However, some factors that precipitate delirium can be modified to reduce its presence and duration through non-pharmacological measures. Thus, the present protocol seeks to establish the theoretical and methodological background to develop and test nursing interventions to reduce delirium in adult patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit. For this reason, it is based on the theoretical elements of delirium and a nursing theory, called the Dynamic Symptoms Model (DSM), to understand the phenomenon and how nursing knowledge can be used to intervene. Thus, a nursing intervention proposal is proposed based on the DSM and scientific evidence, and a methodological design of a randomized controlled clinical trial type with parallel groups, which allows measuring the effectiveness of the designed interventions, following methodological and ethical rigor and with adequate control of biases.

Validation into Spanish of a Scale to Detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: This work sought to validate the Spanish version of the scale Healthy Aging Brain-Care Monitor (HABC-M) scale as clinical tool to detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome. METHODS: Psychometric study, conducted in adult intensive care units from two high-complexity university hospitals in Colombia. The sample was integrated by 135 survivors of critical diseases with mean age of 55 years. The translation of the HABC-M was carried out through transcultural adaptation, evaluating content, face, and construct validity and determining the scale's reliability. RESULTS: A replica was obtained of the HABC-M scale in its version into Spanish, semantically and conceptually equivalent to the original version. The construct was determined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), evidencing a three-factor model comprised of the subscales: cognitive (6 items), functional (11 items), and psychological (10 items), with a confirmatory factor index (CFI) of 0.99, a Tucker Lewis index (TLI) of 0.98, and an approximate root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.073 (90% CI: 0.063 - 0.084). Internal consistency was determined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient, obtaining 0.94, (95% CI 0.93 - 0.96). CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish of the HABC-M scale is a tool with adequate psychometric properties, validated and reliable to detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome.

Validation to Spanish of nursing assessment scale for early diagnosis of delirium - Nu-DESC.

Objective: This work aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Colombian Spanish version of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC). Methods: A psychometric study was conducted to achieve the goal of this study, which measured face validity, content validity, sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the Nu-DESC. Results: . Face validity obtained a total Aiken V of 0.89, and content validity showed a modified Lawshe index of 0.92. When Nu-DESC was applied to 210 adult patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit, it was found that 14.2% had suspected delirium. The instrument showed a sensitivity of 91.6%, specificity of 95.6%, positive predictive value of 73.3%, negative predictive value of 98.8%, good internal consistency with Cronbach's α of 0.8 and good concordance according to Cohen's Kappa index of 0.788. Conclusion: The Spanish version of the Nu-DESC scale for Colombia has appropriate psychometric values for assessing delirium risk. In addition, this scale is easy to apply, so the adaptation of nursing personnel for its employability favors routine monitoring and timely detection of delirium.

Association between Sarcopenia, Falls, and Cognitive Impairment in Older People: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

With the aging process, elderly people present changes in their bodies that can lead them to suffer several geriatric syndromes. The present study aimed to analyze and synthesize the literature produced concerning the association of sarcopenia with falls in elderly people with cognitive impairment. This is a systematic review study on etiology and risk, conducted according to the JBI methodology using the Medline (Pubmed), Cinahl, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The gray literature search was conducted in the CAPES Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, Google Scholar, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), EBSCO Open Dissertations, DART-e, and ACS Guide to Scholarly Communication. The identification of the association between the variables was extracted from the articles themselves (Odds Ratio and the 95% Confidence Intervals). Four articles published between 2012 and 2021 were included in this review. A prevalence of falls was identified, ranging from 14.2% to 23.1%, of cognitive impairment ranging from 24.1% to 60.8%, and of sarcopenia ranging from 6.1 to 26.6%. The meta-analysis found that elderly people with cognitive impairment who suffer falls are at a 1.88 times greater risk of presenting sarcopenia (p = 0.01). There is evidence of an association between the variables, but it is necessary to conduct follow-up studies to support this association as well as other factors that may influence the senescence and senility process.

Scales to measure post intensive care syndrome, a scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Post Intensive Care Syndrome is a recently studied syndrome that affects between 50% and 70% of patients admitted to the ICU, its detection is complex due to the great variety of affected components. OBJECTIVE: To determine the most widely used assessment instruments for the detection of post-intensive care syndrome, according to the evidence in the last 5 years. METHODOLOGY: A scoping review was carried out in the databases: Academic Search, ScienceDirect, Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Medline, and Springer Link, with terms «Postintensive care syndrome¼ and «Post-intensive care syndrome¼. This review included 22 articles that met the criteria of: research or review typology, English, Spanish or Portuguese language, with access to the full text and published between 2015 and 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the instruments used to measure post-intensive care syndrome are divided according to the components of physical affectation (the Medical Research Council scale, the Katz index and the Barthel index); cognitive (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test); and mental (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beck's anxiety test, Depression Inventory Second Edition scale and Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome-14 scale). In addition, two tools were found that measure the event in its entirety with its three components, such as the Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor and the Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Questionnaire.

Definición, diagnóstico del delirium en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo: una revisión paraguas / Definition, diagnosis of delirium in Intensive Care Units: an umbrella review

INTRODUCCIÓN: El delirium es un desorden cognitivo propio de la enfermedad crítica, está vinculado al aumento de la mortalidad, mayor estadía hospitalaria, mayores requerimientos de UCI, mayor deterioro funcional y necesidad de unidades de rehabilitación y cuidados crónicos. OBJETIVO: Identificar y evaluar la evidencia de los últimos 5 años respecto a definición y diagnóstico del delirium en adultos hospitalizados en UCI por medio de una revisión de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Una revisión Umbrella guiada según guías del JBI. Los datos fueron obtenidos Science direct, Web of Science, Scielo, CINAHL, PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (BVS) y Biblioteca Cochrane. La última búsqueda fue realizada el 28 de marzo de 2022. RESULTADOS: Catorce revisiones cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, la definición de delirium desde la perspectiva de pacientes y familia, prevalencia factores de riesgo y precisión de las diferentes escalas como CAM-ICU, ICDSC, PREDELIRIC y E-PREDILIRC tienen buenos valores predictivos. CONCLUSIONES: El delirium hipoactivo posee mayor prevalencia e incidencia en las UCI. Es necesario que el personal de salud adopte ciertas actitudes con el paciente con delirium.

INTRODUCTION: Delirium is a cognitive disorder typical of critical illness, it is linked to increased mortality, longer hospital stay, higher ICU requirements, greater functional impairment and the need for rehabilitation and chronic care units. OBJECTIVE: To identify and evaluate the evidence of the last 5 years regarding the definition and diagnosis of delirium in adults hospitalized in the ICU through a review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An Umbrella review guided by JBI guidelines. Data were obtained from Science direct, Web of science, Scielo, CINAHL, PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Cochrane Library. The last search was carried out on March 28, 2022. RESULTS: Fourteen reviews met the inclusion criteria, the definition of delirium from the perspective of patients and families, prevalence of risk factors and accuracy of the different scales such as CAM-ICU, ICDSC, PREDELIRIC and E-PREDILIRC have good predictive values. CONCLUSIONS: Hypoactive delirium has a higher prevalence and incidence in ICUs. It is necessary that the health personnel adopt certain attitudes with the patient with delirium.

Cuidado de enfermería del paciente con trastorno mental en atención domiciliaria: revisión narrativa / Nursing care of the patient with mental disorder in home care: narrative review

INTRODUCCIÓN: El manejo integral del paciente con trastorno mental desde enfermería, incluye abordajes que son llevados a cabo en la atención domiciliaria permitiendo así desarrollar actividades de valoración, seguimiento y atención al paciente y su familia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una búsqueda estratégica en Medline, Epistemonikos, Base JBI, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, utilizando los términos "mental disease", "mental illness", "homecare", "nursing". La extracción y análisis de los datos se dio acorde a los planteamientos del JBI, RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 25 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y se clasificaron en 4 temas: 1. La experiencia del cuidado en el domicilio del paciente con trastorno mental. 2. Adherencia a la medicación de pacientes con trastorno mental que reciben tratamiento en casa. 3. El adulto mayor con trastorno mental y 4. Estrategias tecnológicas para dar atención domiciliaria al paciente con trastorno mental. CONCLUSIONES: Para abordar integralmente el cuidado del paciente con trastorno mental en el domicilio se deben incluir intervenciones de cuidado soportadas en la evidencia que incluyan la instrucción al cuidador familiar, por lo que es central el rol de enfermería teniendo en cuenta la creciente demanda de intervenciones domiciliarias en psiquiatría basadas en la evidencia, teniendo en cuenta el impacto de la trastorno mental, así como con los desafíos sociales y económicos que conlleva el padecer una trastorno mental para el paciente y su familia.

INTRODUCTION: The comprehensive management of the patient with mental disorder from nursing, includes approaches that are carried out in home care, thus allowing the development of assessment, monitoring and care activities for the patient and his family. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A strategic search was carried out in Medline, Epistemonikos, JBI Database, Virtual Health Library, using the terms "mental disease", "mental illness", "homecare", "nursing". The extraction and analysis of the data occurred according to the approaches of the JBI. RESULTS: 25 articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria and were classified into 4 themes: 1. The experience of care at home for patients with mental disorder. 2. Medication adherence of patients with mental disorder receiving treatment at home. 3. The elderly with mental disorder and 4. Technological strategies to provide home care to patients with mental disorder. CONCLUSIONS: In order to comprehensively address the care of patients with mental disorder at home, care interventions supported by evidence should be included, including instruction for the family caregiver, so the role of nursing is central, taking into account the growing demand for interventions evidence-based psychiatry home care, taking into account the impact of mental disease, as well as the social and economic challenges that mental disease entails for the patient and their family.

Detección y barreras de medición del delirium en cuidado crítico: una revisión de alcance / Detecção e barreiras de mensuração do delirium em terapia intensiva: uma revisão de escopo / Detection and measurement barriers of delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: A scoping review

Objetivo: identificar las estrategias de enfermería para la detección de delirium y las barreras para su medición en la unidad de cuidado intensivo. Materiales y método: revisión de alcance a partir de la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs y el protocolo PRISMA-ScR, mediante una búsqueda en seis bases de datos con los términos "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care" y "critical care nursing" y la extracción del software SUMARI. Resultados: se seleccionaron 43 estudios para análisis y categorización en dos temáticas emergentes: "Herramientas de uso frecuente para la detección del delirium" y "Barreras reportadas por el personal de enfermería para la evaluación del delirium". Conclusiones: existe una gran variedad de herramientas validadas y estandarizadas para la detección del delirium en cuidado intensivo. No obstante, su uso es limitado en muchas ocasiones debido a las distintas barreras del paciente, el personal evaluador y el equipo multidisciplinar. Por ello, resulta importante entrenar al personal de salud para que esté familiarizado con el delirium, su detección y el uso de los múltiples instrumentos disponibles.

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias de enfermagem para detectar o delirium e as barreiras para sua mensuração na unidade de terapia intensiva. Materiais e método: revisão de escopo que seguiu a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs e o protocolo Prisma-ScR, com busca em seis bases de dados, com os termos "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care" e "critical care nursing", e a extração no software SUMARI. Resultados: foram selecionados 43 estudos para a análise e categorização dos temas emergentes: "ferramentas de uso frequente para a detecção do delirium" e "barreiras apresentadas pela equipe de enfermagem para a avaliação do delirium". Conclusões: existe uma grande variedade de ferramentas validadas e padronizadas disponíveis para a detecção do delirium em terapia intensiva, no entanto seu uso é muitas vezes limitado devido às diferentes barreiras tanto do paciente quanto da equipe avaliadora e da equipe multidisciplinar. Por isso, é importante capacitar os profissionais de saúde para que se familiarizem com o delirium, sua detecção e o uso dos múltiplos instrumentos disponíveis.

Objective: To identify nursing strategies for the detection of delirium and the existing barriers for measuring this condition in the Intensive Care Unit. Materials and method: Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the PRISMA-ScR protocol through a research in six databases ­with the terms "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care", and "critical care nursing"­ and extraction in SUMARI software. Results: Forty-three studies were selected for analysis and categorization into two emerging themes: "Frequently used tools for delirium screening" and "Barriers by nursing staff for the evaluation of delirium". Conclusions: There is a wide variety of validated and standardized tools for the detection of delirium in intensive care. However, their use is often limited due to different barriers experienced by the patient, the evaluating staff, and the multidisciplinary team. Therefore, it is important to train health personnel so that they are familiar with delirium, its detection, and the use of the available instruments.

Transiciones en sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama frente al reintegro laboral: revisión integrativa / Transitions in breast cancer survivors regarding work return: integrative review

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de mama es una de las enfermedades más comunes entre las mujeres en todo el mundo. El tratamiento del cáncer de mama a menudo implica cirugía, radioterapia, quimioterapia y/o terapia hormonal, tratamientos que a largo plazo pueden generar efectos en las mujeres. Estas mujeres que han sido tratadas por cáncer de mama pueden enfrentar situaciones diversas al decidir retornar a su trabajo, debido entre otros a que pueden ser percibidas como menos productivas. OBJETIVO: Describir las transiciones que experimentan las sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama frente al reintegro laboral a través de una revisión integrativa. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: revisión integrativa de alcance descriptivo, a través de la identificación del problema, búsqueda de literatura, evaluación de datos, análisis de datos y presentación de resultados. Los términos de búsqueda utilizados fueron: "breast neoplasms" "breast cancer" "breast cancer survivor and, or y not "return to work". Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron Scielo, Pubmed, Scopus, según criterios de inclusión implementados en la búsqueda de literatura se encontraron 22 artículos que cumplieron con ello. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron temáticas que van en relación con las sobrevivientes de cáncer de mama que planean reincorporarse laboralmente, por lo general no se identifica un momento ni tiempo específico para que la sobreviviente tome la decisión de volver al trabajo después de pasar la enfermedad. CONCLUSIÓN: Es importante generar estudios donde el abordaje de los factores asociados al retorno laboral pueda ocasionar un impacto sobre la calidad de vida de la mujer sobreviviente y su relación con el retorno al trabajo, sobre todo aspectos relacionados con los efectos de los tratamientos.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases among women worldwide. Breast cancer treatment often involves surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy, treatments that can have long-term effects on women. These women who have been treated for breast cancer may face different situations when deciding to return to work, due to the fact that they may be perceived as less productive, among others. OBJECTIVE: To describe the transitions experienced by breast cancer survivors when faced with reemployment through an integrative review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: integrative review of descriptive scope, through the identification of the problem, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis and presentation of results. The search terms used were "breast neoplasms" "breast cancer" "breast cancer survivor and, or and not "return to work". The databases used were Scielo, Pubmed, Scopus, according to the inclusion criteria implemented in the literature search, 22 articles were found that complied with it. RESULTS: Themes that are related to breast cancer survivors who plan to return to work were identified, in general, a specific moment or time is not identified for the survivor to make the decision to return to work after passing the disease. CONCLUSION: It is important to generate studies where the approach to the factors associated with the return to work may have an impact on the quality of life of the surviving woman and its relationship with the return to work, especially aspects related to the effects of the treatments.

Validation into Spanish of a Scale to Detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome / Validación al español de una escala para detectar el Síndrome Poscuidado Intensivo / Validação em espanhol de uma escala para detectar a Síndrome de Cuidados Pós-Intensivos

Objective. This work sought to validate the Spanish version of the scale Healthy Aging Brain-Care Monitor (HABC-M) scale as clinical tool to detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome. Methods. Psychometric study, conducted in adult intensive care units from two high-complexity university hospitals in Colombia. The sample was integrated by 135 survivors of critical diseases with mean age of 55 years. The translation of the HABC-M was carried out through transcultural adaptation, evaluating content, face, and construct validity and determining the scale's reliability. Results. A replica was obtained of the HABC-M scale in its version into Spanish, semantically and conceptually equivalent to the original version. The construct was determined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), evidencing a three-factor model comprised of the subscales: cognitive (6 items), functional (11 items), and psychological (10 items), with a confirmatory factor index (CFI) of 0.99, a Tucker Lewis index (TLI) of 0.98, and an approximate root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.073 (90% CI: 0.063 ­ 0.084). Internal consistency was determined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient, obtaining 0.94, (95% CI 0.93 ­ 0.96). Conclusion. The Spanish of the HABC-M scale is a tool with adequate psychometric properties, validated and reliable to detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome.

Objetivo. Validar la versión en español de la escala Healthy Aging Brain-Care Monitor (HABC-M) como herramienta clínica para la detección del síndrome poscuidado intensivo. Métodos. Estudio psicométrico, el cual se llevó a cabo en unidades de cuidado intensivo adulto de dos hospitales universitarios de alta complejidad en Colombia. La muestra fue integrada por un total de 135 sobrevivientes a enfermedades críticas con edad promedio de 55 años. La traducción del HABC-M se realizó mediante adaptación transcultural, evaluándose la validez de contenido, facial, constructo y determinándose la confiabilidad de la escala. Resultados. Se obtuvo una réplica de la escala HABC-M en su versión al español, semántica y conceptualmente equivalente a la versión original. El constructo se determinó a través de análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), evidenciando un modelo de tres factores compuesto por las subescalas: cognitiva (6 ítems), funcional (11 ítems) y psicológica (10 ítems), con un índice de factores confirmatorios (CFI) de 0.99, un índice de Tucker Lewis (TLI) de 0.98 y una raíz cuadrada del error cuadrático medio aproximado (RMSEA) de 0.073 (IC 90 %: 0.063 ­ 0.084). La consistencia interna se determinó mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo e 0.94, (IC 95 % 0.93 ­ 0.96). Conclusión. La versión en español de la escala HABC-M es una herramienta con adecuadas propiedades psicométricas, válida y confiable para la detección del síndrome poscuidado intensivo.

Objetivo. Para validar a versão espanhola da escala Healthy Aging Brain-Care Monitor (HABC-M) como uma ferramenta clínica para a detecção da síndrome do cuidado pós-cuidado. Métodos. Estudo psicométrico, que foi realizado em unidades de terapia intensiva para adultos de dois hospitais universitários de alta complexidade na Colômbia. A amostra consistiu em 135 sobreviventes de doenças críticas. A tradução do HABC-M foi realizada por meio de adaptação transcultural, avaliando o conteúdo, facial e construção de validade e determinando a confiabilidade da escala. Resultados.Uma réplica da escala HABC-M foi obtida em sua versão em espanhol, semântica e conceitualmente equivalente à versão original. A construção foi determinada através da análise fatorial confirmatória, mostrando um modelo de três fatores composto pelas subescalas: cognitiva (6 itens), funcional (11 itens) e psicológica (10 itens), com um índice fator confirmatório (CFI) de 0.99, um índice de Tucker Lewis (TLI) de 0.98 e um erro médio quadrático aproximado da raiz (RMSEA) de 0.073 (90% CI: 0.063 ­ 0.084). A consistência interna foi determinada pelo coeficiente alfa do Cronbach, com de 0.94 (95 % CI 0.93 ­ 0.96). Conclusão. A versão espanhola da escala HABC-M é uma ferramenta com propriedades psicométricas adequadas, válida e confiável para a detecção da síndrome do pós-cuidado intensivo

La Dama de la Lámpara y las emergencias en el mundo: un recuento histórico / A Dama da Lâmpada e as emergências no mundo: um relato histórico / The Lady with the Lamp and emergencies in the world: a historical account

Objective: To describe chronologically, the historical recount of the role that nursing has played since its inception as a profession, in emergencies and disasters of greater magnitude, relevance, that have occurred in the world and in Colombia. Methodology: The methodology used washistorical narration following the hermeneutical synthesis method. The study sub-method waschronological and geographical. Results: The nursing profession has been undergoing an importanttransformation, due to the demands of society and technological developments. Among the maindisasters that have occurred, nursing has played a very important role in preventing some of them and minimizing their collateral effects. Conclusion: It is possible to see how the different emergency events that have occurred throughout history and in different geographical locations around the world have favorably marked the development of nursing as a profession. (AU)

Objetivo: Describir de manera cronológica, el recuento histórico del papel que ha desempeñado enfermería desde sus inicios como profesión, en las emergencias y desastres de mayor magnitud, relevancia, ocurridos en el mundo y en Colombia. Metodología: La metodología empleadafue la narración histórica siguiendo el método de síntesis hermenéutico. El submétodo de estudiofue cronológico y geográfico. Resultados: La profesión de enfermería ha venido sufriendo una transformación importante, debida a las exigencias de la sociedad y a las novedades tecnológicas. Dentrode los principales desastres ocurridos, la enfermería ha jugado un papel muy importante en la prevención de alguno de ellos y minimizando los efectos colaterales de estos. Conclusión: Es posiblever cómo los distintos eventos de emergencias ocurridos a lo largo de la historia y en distintas ubicaciones geográficas del mundo, han marcado favorablemente el desarrollo de la enfermería como profesión. (AU)

Objetivo: Descrever, cronologicamente, o relato histórico do papel que a enfermagem desempenhou desde seu início como profissão, em emergências e desastres de maior magnitude, relevância, ocorridos no mundo e na Colômbia. Metodologia: A metodologia utilizada foi a narraçãohistórica seguindo o método de síntese hermenêutica. O submétodo do estudo foi cronológico egeográfico. Resultados: A profissão de enfermagem vem passando por uma importante transformação, devido às demandas da sociedade e à evolução tecnológica. Dentre os principais desastres ocorridos, a enfermagem tem desempenhado um papel muito importante na prevenção de alguns delese na minimização de seus efeitos colaterais. Conclusão: É possível perceber como os diferentes eventos de emergência ocorridos ao longo da história e em diferentes localizações geográficas do mundo marcaram favoravelmente o desenvolvimento da enfermagem como profissão. (AU)

Percepción de los estudiantes sobre la evaluación basada en rúbrica / Percepção de estudantes sobre avaliação baseada em rubricas / Student perception of rubric-based assessment

Introduction: Nursing students within their learning processes are faced with a numberof summative evaluation strategies, hence the importance of using the rubric as one of the strategiesin which students are active actors in the process. assessment within the framework of autonomouslearning. Objective: To identify the perception of nursing students regarding the rubric as an evaluation strategy. Methodology: exploratory and descriptive qualitative study carried out in thirty-four nurses in training from a public university. The information collection was carried out throughan online format with an open question, it was carried out during the month of November 2020 andthey were analyzed with the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: three categories were identified: Therubric as a guide for design, the rubric as a summative evaluation method, the rubric has disadvantages. Conclution: Students consider that rubrics are important in their training because it allowsthem to adopt a more active role in their learning and guides them in the development of the indicated activities. However, they also identified that rubrics must be clear, simple and precise so thatthey are understood, thus fulfilling their substantial function.(AU)

Introducción: Los estudiantes de enfermería dentro de sus procesos de aprendizaje seencuentran enfrentados a un sin número de estrategias de evaluación sumativa, de ahí la importancia del uso de la rúbrica como una de las estrategias en las cuales los estudiantes son actores activosen el proceso de evaluación en el marco del aprendizaje autónomo. Objetivo: Describir la percepciónde los estudiantes de enfermería ante el uso de la rúbrica como estrategia de seguimiento al aprendizaje y evaluación. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo realizado en treintay cuatro enfermeros en formación de una universidad pública. La recolección de la información serealizó mediante la aplicación de un formato on line con pregunta abierta. Se llevó a cabo durante el mes de noviembre, del 2020 y se analizó con el software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: se identificarontres categorías: La rúbrica como guía para el diseño, la rúbrica como método de evaluación, la rúbrica tiene desventajas. Conclusión: los estudiantes consideran que las rúbricas son importantes ensu formación debido a que les permite adoptar un rol más activo en sus aprendizajes y les orientaen el desarrollo de las actividades indicadas. Sin embargo, también identificaron que las rúbricasdeben ser claras, sencillas y precisas para que sean entendidas cumpliendo así su función sustancial.(AU)

Introdução: Os alunos de enfermagem em seus processos de aprendizagem se deparamcom uma série de estratégias de avaliação somativa, daí a importância de utilizar a rubrica comouma das estratégias em que os alunos são atores ativos no processo. avaliação no âmbito da aprendizagem autónoma. Objetivo: Identificar a percepção dos acadêmicos de enfermagem sobre a rubrica como estratégia de avaliação. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo exploratório e descritivo realizado com trinta e quatro enfermeiros em formação de uma universidade pública. A coleta de informações foi realizada por meio de um formato online com uma pergunta aberta, foi realizada duranteo mês de novembro de 2020 e foram analisadas com o software IRAMUTEQ. Resultados: foramidentificadas três categorias: A rubrica como guia para o design, a rubrica como método de avaliaçãosomativa, a rubrica apresenta desvantagens. Conclusão: Os alunos consideram que as rubricas sãoimportantes na sua formação porque lhes permite adotar um papel mais ativo na sua aprendizageme orientaos no desenvolvimento das atividades indicadas. No entanto, também identificaram queas rubricas devem ser claras, simples e precisas para que sejam compreendidas, cumprindo assimsua função substancial.(AU)

Validation to Spanish of nursing assessment scale for early diagnosis of delirium - Nu-DESC / Validación al español de la escala de valoración de enfermería para diagnóstico temprano de delirium - Nu-DESC / Validação para o espanhol da escala de avaliação de enfermagem para diagnóstico precoce de delirium - Nu - DESC

Objective. This work aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Colombian Spanish version of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (Nu-DESC). Methods.A psychometric study was conducted to achieve the goal of this study, which measured face validity, content validity, sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the Nu-DESC. Results. Face validity obtained a total Aiken V of 0.89, and content validity showed a modified Lawshe index of 0.92. When Nu-DESC was applied to 210 adult patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit, it was found that 14.2% had suspected delirium. The instrument showed a sensitivity of 91.6%, specificity of 95.6%, positive predictive value of 73.3%, negative predictive value of 98.8%, good internal consistency with Cronbach's α of 0.8 and good concordance according to Cohen's Kappa index of 0.788. Conclusion. The Spanish version of the Nu-DESC scale for Colombia has appropriate psychometric values for assessing delirium risk. In addition, this scale is easy to apply, so the adaptation of nursing personnel for its employability favors routine monitoring and timely detection of delirium.

Objetivo. Determinar la validez y confiabilidad en su versión al español de Colombia de la escala de detección de delirium por enfermería (Nu-DESC, por sus siglas en inglés Nursing Delirium Screening Scale). Métodos. Estudio psicométrico, el cual midió la validez facial, de contenido, sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos de la escala Nu-DESC. Resultados. La validez facial obtuvo un V de Aiken total de 0.89 y la validez de contenido mostró un índice Lawshe modificado de 0.92. Al aplicar Nu-DESC en 210 pacientes adultos hospitalizados en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos se halló que 14.2% tuvo sospecha de delirium. El instrumento mostró una sensibilidad del 91.6%, especificidad de 95.6%, valor predictivo positivo de 73.3%, valor predictivo negativo de 98.8%, buena consistencia interna con α de Cronbach de 0.8 y buena concordancia según índice de Kappa de Cohen de 0.788. Conclusión.La versión en español para Colombia de la escala Nu-DESC tiene adecuados valores psicométricos para la valoración del riesgo de delirium. Además, esta escala es de fácil aplicación por lo que la adaptación del personal de enfermería para su empleabilidad favorece una rutinaria monitorización y detección oportuna del delirium.

Objetivo. Determinar a validade e a confiabilidade da versão colombiana em espanhol da escala de detecção de delirium em enfermagem (Nu-DESC, por sua sigla em inglês Nursing Delirium Screening Scale). Métodos. Estudo psicométrico, que mediu a validade facial, validade de conteúdo, sensibilidade, especificidade e valores preditivos da escala Nu -DESC. Resultados. A validade facial obteve um V de Aiken total de 0.89 e a validade de conteúdo mostrou um índice de Lawshe modificado de 0.92. Ao aplicar o Nu-DESC em 210 pacientes adultos internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, constatou-se que 14.2% apresentavam suspeita de delirium. O instrumento apresentou sensibilidade de 91.6%, especificidade de 95.6%, valor preditivo positivo de 73.3%, valor preditivo negativo de 98.8%, boa consistência interna com α de Cronbach de 0.8 e boa concordância segundo o índice Kappa de Cohen de 0.788. Conclusão.A versão em espanhol para a Colômbia da escala Nu-DESC possui valores psicométricos adequados para avaliação do risco de delirium.

Experience of Post-ICU Syndrome in Critical Disease Survivors / Experiencia del síndrome post-UCI en supervivientes de enfermedades críticas / Experiência da síndrome pós-UTI em sobreviventes de doenças críticas

Introduction: Surviving Intensive Care Unit (ICU) brings positive and negative feelings, depending on each person's experience. Likewise, some patients may present with negative mental and physical consequences after discharge, causing a very complex stay at home. Aim: To understand the experience of critical illness survivors after three months of ICU discharge. Methods: Hermeneutical phenomenological study using in-depth interviews with 15 adult participants after three months of ICU discharge. Data analysis was made considering Cohen, Kahn, and Steeves' procedures. Results: Phenomenological analysis revealed three existential themes: Changes in memory and mood, Changes in day-to-day life, and My body after ICU. Conclusion: Surviving ICU brings with it positive aspects such as winning a battle against death. However, psychological, emotional, and physical consequences after discharge turn it into an exhausting experience.

Introducción: sobrevivir a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) trae sentimientos positivos y negativos, dependiendo de la experiencia de cada persona. Asimismo, algunos pacientes pueden presentar consecuencias físicas y mentales negativas tras el alta, lo que ocasiona una estadía en casa muy compleja. Objetivo: comprender la experiencia de los sobrevivientes de enfermedades críticas después de tres meses del alta de la UCI. Métodos: estudio fenomenológico hermenéutico mediante entrevistas a profundidad a 15 participantes adultos después de tres meses del alta de la UCI. El análisis de datos se realizó con base en los procedimientos de Cohen, Kahn y Steeves. Resultados: el análisis fenomenológico reveló tres temas existenciales: Cambios en la memoria y el estado de ánimo, Cambios en la vida cotidiana y Mi cuerpo después de la UCI. Conclusión: sobrevivir en la UCI trae consigo aspectos positivos como ganarle una batalla a la muerte; sin embargo, las consecuencias psicológicas, emocionales y físicas tras el alta convierten todo esto en una experiencia agotadora.

Introdução: sobreviver à Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo (UTI) traz sentimentos positivos e negativos, dependendo da experiência de cada um. Além disso, alguns pacientes podem apresentar consequências físicas e mentais negativas após a alta, o que ocasiona um período complexo de repouso domiciliar. Objetivo: compreender a experiência dos sobreviventes de doenças críticas depois de três meses da alta da UTI. Materiais e métodos: estudo fenomenológico hermenêutico mediante entrevistas a profundidade com 15 participantes adultos depois de três meses de receberem alta da UTI. A análise de dados foi realizada com base nos procedimentos de Cohen, Kahn e Steeves. Resultados: a análise fenomenológica revelou três temas existenciais: "mudanças na memória e no humor", "mudanças na vida cotidiana" e "meu corpo depois da UTI". Conclusões: sobreviver à UTI traz consigo aspectos positivos como o sentimento de ter ganhado uma batalha contra a morte; contudo, as consequências psicológicas, emocionais e físicas após receber a alta tornam tudo isso uma experiência exaustiva.

Sospecha de delirium y posibles factores relacionados en el adulto mayor hospitalizado / Suspeita de delírio e possíveis fatores relacionados em idosos internados / Suspected delirium and possible related factors in hospitalized older adults

Objetivo: describir la sospecha de delirium en adultos mayores hospitalizados en medicina interna y sus posibles factores relacionados. Materiales y método: estudio correlacional de corte transversal y muestreo por conveniencia, con 49 adultos mayores de 70 años hospitalizados en medicina interna que aceptaron participar de forma voluntaria. Se aplicó la Escala de Detección de Delirium por Enfermería, la cual mide la sospecha de delirium, y se empleó análisis descriptivo y bivariado. Resultados: la prevalencia de sospecha de delirium en los pacientes del estudio fue de 20,4 %. La edad fue significativamente menor en los pacientes que no presentaron delirium en comparación con aquellos que mostraron sospecha (73 vs. 82 años, respectivamente, p = 0,05). Otras variables que evidenciaron un comportamiento similar son el número de comorbilidades (1 sin delirium vs. 2 sospecha, p = 0,037), haber padecido delirium al menos una vez antes de la actual hospitalización (1 sin delirium vs. 6 sospecha, p = 0,000) y no reportar antecedentes psicoactivos (17 sin delirium vs. 3 sospecha p = 0,009). El análisis bivariado evidenció una posible asociación significativa entre el delirium y los antecedentes de diabetes (or 6,8; ic 95 % 1,43-32,19 [p = 0,020]), el consumo de alcohol (or 5,2; ic 95 % 1,15-23,85 [p = 0,029]) y antecedentes de delirium en hospitalización previa (or 6,3; ic 95 % 1,02-38,9 [p = 0,000]). Conclusiones: el delirium es un problema que continúa impactando a los adultos, particularmente a los adultos mayores, quienes por los factores fisiológicos propios de la edad son más vulnerables a padecer este evento.

Objective: To describe the suspicion of delirium in older adults hospitalized in internal medicine and the possible risk factors associated to this event. Materials and method: Cross-sectional and correlational study through convenience sampling. Forty-nine adults over 70 years hospitalized in internal medicine agreed to participate by signing an informed consent form. We adopted the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, which measures suspicion of delirium. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was also used.Results: The prevalence of suspected delirium among participants was 20.4%. Age was significantly lower in patients who did not present delirium compared to those who showed suspicion (73 vs. 82 years, respectively, p = 0.05). Other variables that showed a similar behavior were the number of comorbidities (1 no delirium vs. 2 suspected, p = 0.037), having suffered from delirium at least once before current hospitalization (1 no delirium vs. 6 suspected, p = 0.000), and no psychoactive history (17 no delirium vs. 3 suspected, p = 0.009). Bivariate analysis reported a possible significant association between delirium and history of diabetes (or 6.8; ci 95% 1.43-32.19 [p = 0.020]), alcohol consumption (or 5.2; ci 95% 1.15-23.85 [p = 0.029]), and history of delirium during previous hospitalization (or 6.3; ci 95% 1.02 - 38.9 [p = 0.000]). Conclusions: Delirium is an issue that continues to affect adults, particularly the elderly, who are more vulnerable to suffering this event due to age-related physi-ological factors.

Objetivo: descrever suspeitas de delírio em idosos internados em medicina interna e os seus possíveis fatores de risco. Materiais e método: estudo correlacional de corte transversal com amostragem por conveniência. Participaram 49 pessoas com mais de 70 anos de idade internadas em medicina interna que concordaram em participar de forma voluntária. Foi utilizada a Escala de Detecção do Delírio para Enfermagem, que mede as suspeitas de delírio. Foi utilizada uma análise descritiva e bivariada. Resultados: a prevalência de suspeita de delírio no estudo foi de 20,4%. A idade era significativamente mais baixa naqueles que não apresentavam delírio em comparação com aqueles que apresentavam suspeitas (73 vs 82 anos, respectivamente, p = 0,05). Outras variáveis mostraram comportamento semelhante, tais como número de comorbilidades (1 sem delírio vs 2 suspeitas, p = 0,037), tendo sofrido de delírio pelo menos uma vez antes da internação atual (1 sem delírio vs 6 suspeitas, p = 0,000) e nenhum histórico psicoativo (17 sem delírio vs 3 suspeitas, p = 0,009). A análise bivariada evidenciou uma possível associação significativa entre delírio e histórico de diabetes (or 6,8 ci 95% 1,43-32,19 [p = 0,020]), consumo de álcool (or 5,2 ci 95% 1,15-23,85 [p = 0,029]) e histórico de delírio em internação anterior (or 6,3 ci 95% 1,02-38,9 [p = 0,000]). Conclusões: o delírio é um problema que continua a ter impacto nos adultos, mais ainda na população idosa, que, devido a fatores fisiológicos relacionados com a idade, são mais vulneráveis a sofrer com esse evento.

Estado nutricional del adulto mayor jubilado que forma parte a un grupo de apoyo / Nutritional status of the older adult who attends a support group / Estado nutricional do idoso que frequenta um grupo de apoio

Objetivo: Describir el estado nutricional de adultos mayores jubilados que pertenecen a gru-pos de apoyo en la ciudad de Ibagué. Método: Se implementó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, corte transversal, durante el periodo comprendido entre los meses de septiembre a noviembre del año 2020. Se realizó un muestreo aleatorio simple con una muestra de 80 adultos mayores, quienes cumplían con los siguientes criterios de inclusión: ser jubilados y formar parte del grupo de apoyo. La medición se efectuó con la escala Mini Evaluación Nu-tricional, la cual cuenta con una sensibilidad del 96%, especificidad del 98% y el valor pre-dictivo del 97% para la malnutrición. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se encontró que la mayoría de los jubilados se encuentran bien nu-tridos y ninguno presenta estado de desnutrición. No obstante, el 11,25% de los participantes en el estudio presentan riesgo de desnutrición en el futuro. Así mismo, se evidenció que la mayoría de los jubilados tienen sobrepeso. Conclusiones: El estudio permite concluir que el 70% de la población participante presenta alteraciones del estado nutricional, principalmente en un aumento notorio de peso en relación con la talla. Esto genera un factor de riesgo ante la presencia de patologías crónicas como: la Hipertensión arterial, la diabetes, así como otras alteraciones cardiovasculares y diferentes tipos de cáncer

Objective: To describe the nutritional status of retired older adults who belong to support groups in the city of Ibagué. Method: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was implemented during the period from September to November 2020. Simple random sampling was used with a sample of 80 older adults who met the inclusion criteria to be retired and to be part of the program was used. The measurement was carried out with the Mini Nutritional Assessment scale which has a sensitivity of 96%, specificity 98% and a predictive value of 97% for malnutrition. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. Results: It was found that most of the retirees are well nourished, and none have a state of malnutrition. However, 11.25% of the study participants are at risk of suffering from malnutrition in the future. Likewise, it was evidenced that the majority of retirees are overweight. Conclusions: The study allows us to conclude that 70% of the participating population presents alterations in nutritional status, mainly, a noticeable increase in weight in relation to height. This gen-erates a risk factor in the presence of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, other cardiovascular disorders and different types of cancer.

Objetivo: Descrever o estado nutricional de idosos aposentados pertencentes a grupos de apoio do município de Ibagué. Método: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, no período de setembro a novembro de 2020. Amostragem aleatória simples foi usada com uma amostra de 80 idosos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, estarem apo-sentados e fazendo parte do programa. A mensuração foi feita por meio da escala de Mini Avaliação Nutricional que tem sensibilidade de 96%, especificidade de 98% e valor predi-tivo de desnutrição de 97%. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Constatou-se que a maioria dos aposentados encontra-se bem nutrida e nenhum apresenta estado de desnutrição. No entanto, 11,25% dos participantes do estudo estão em risco de desnutrição no futuro. Da mesma forma, constatou-se que a maioria dos aposentados está com sobrepeso. Conclusões: O estudo permite concluir que 70% da população partici-pante apresenta alteração do estado nutricional, principalmente, aumento perceptível do peso em relação à estatura. Isso gera um fator de risco na presença de doenças crônicas como hipertensão, diabetes, outros distúrbios cardiovasculares e diversos tipos de câncer