RESUMEN
The noninvasive detection of Helicobacter pylori and its resistance to clarithromycin could revolutionize the management of H. pylori-infected patients by tailoring eradication treatment without any need for endoscopy when histology is not necessary. Several real-time PCR tests performed on stools have been proposed, but their performances were either poor or they were tested on too few patients to be properly evaluated. We conducted a prospective, multicenter study including 1,200 adult patients who were addressed for gastroduodenal endoscopy with gastric biopsies and who were naive for eradication treatment in order to evaluate the performance of the Amplidiag H. pylori+ClariR assay recently developed by Mobidiag (Espoo, Finland). The results of the Amplidiag H. pylori+ClariR assay performed on DNA from stools (automatic extraction with the EasyMag system [bioMérieux]) were compared with those of culture/Etest and quadruplex real-time PCRs performed on two gastric biopsy samples (from the antrum and corpus) to detect the H. pyloriglmM gene and mutations in the 23S rRNA genes conferring clarithromycin resistance. The sensitivity and specificity of the detection of H. pylori were 96.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 92 to 98%) and 98.7% (95% CI, 97 to 99%), respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were evaluated to be 92.2% (95% CI, 92 to 98%) and 99.3% (95% CI, 98 to 99%), respectively. In this cohort, 160 patients (14.7%) were found to be infected (positive by culture and/or PCR). The sensitivity and specificity for detecting resistance to clarithromycin were 100% (95% CI, 88 to 100%) and 98.4% (95% CI, 94 to 99%), respectively.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Adulto , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Biopsia , Claritromicina/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Finlandia , Infecciones por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Estudios Prospectivos , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is no robust predictor of response to chemotherapy (CT) in unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinomas (UPA). The objective of the KRASCIPANC study was to analyze the kinetics of cell-free DNA (cfDNA)/circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a predictor of response to CT in UPA. METHODS: Blood samples were collected just before first CT and at day 28. The primary endpoint was the kinetics of KRAS-mutated ctDNA by digital droplet PCR between D0 and D28 as a predictor of progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS: We analyzed 65 patients with a KRAS-mutated tumor. A high level of cfDNA and KRAS-mutated ctDNA at D0, as well as the presence of KRAS-mutated ctDNA at D28, were strongly associated with lower centralized disease control rate (cDCR), shorter cPFS and OS in multivariate analysis. A score combining cfDNA level at diagnosis ≥ or <30 ng/mL and presence or not of KRAS-mutated ctDNA at D28 was an optimal predictor of cDCR (OR=30.7, IC95% 4.31-218 P=.001), PFS (HR=6.79, IC95% 2.76-16.7, P<.001) and OS (HR=9.98, IC95% 4.14-24.1, P<.001). CONCLUSION: A combined score using cfDNA level at diagnosis and KRAS-mutated ctDNA at D28 is strongly associated with patient survival/response to chemotherapy in UPA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04560270.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma , Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células , ADN Tumoral Circulante , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Humanos , ADN Tumoral Circulante/genética , Estudios Prospectivos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/genética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células/uso terapéutico , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Mutación , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Pronóstico , Neoplasias PancreáticasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The AcSé-crizotinib program provides extensive screening of crizotinib-targeted genomic alteration in several malignancies. We here report the results in patients with esogastric MET-amplified adenocarcinomas. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of crizotinib in patients with pretreated esogastric MET-amplified adenocarcinoma who have no alternative treatment options. PATIENTS AND METHODS: MET expression was evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization in tumor samples with immunohistochemistry scores ≥ 2+. Patients with chemo-refractory tumors showing ≥ 6 MET copies were eligible for crizotinib 250 mg twice daily. The primary efficacy outcome was the objective response rate after two cycles of crizotinib. RESULTS: MET was prospectively analyzed in 570 esogastric adenocarcinomas. Amplifications were found in 35/570 adenocarcinomas (29/523 gastric and 6/47 esophageal). Nine patients were treated with crizotinib. The objective response rate after two cycles was 33.3% (95% CI 7.5-70), the best overall response rate was 55.6% (95% CI 21.2-86.3), with median progression-free survival of 3.2 months (95% CI 1.0-5.4), and overall survival of 8.1 months (95% CI 1.7-24.6). Safety was consistent with that previously reported for crizotinib. CONCLUSIONS: Large-scale screening for MET-amplified esogastric adenocarcinomas is feasible. MET amplification was observed in 5.5% of gastric and 12.8% of esophageal adenocarcinomas. Crizotinib shows encouraging results in selected patients. Thus, c-MET inhibition for MET-amplified tumors deserves further evaluation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02034981. DATE OF REGISTRATION: 14 January 2014.